Chemistry. Biology. Neuroscience

Transcription

1 Chemistry Biology Anatomy & Physiology Neuroscience

2 Chemistry study of substances q q 92 naturally occurring plus additional elements that are synthetically made Combine to form Compounds Ø Two Categories: Inorganic (non-living) Organic (living or a product of life)

3 Biology study of life 99% Organic Compounds/Molecules 4 Major Organic Compounds Carbohydrates fuel Lipids (fat, oil, wax) Protein - Substance Nucleic Acid DNA & RNA 1% Inorganic Compounds mineral salts spice of life

4 Human Anatomy & Physiology 11 systems

5 Neuroscience Study of the Nervous System Behavioral & Cognitive Level of Study

6 Molecular (chemistry) Cellular Tissue Organ Organ System Organism Anatomy & Physiology Neuroscience elements (CHON) à Compounds (carbos, lipids, nucleic acid, protein) muscle, bone, WBC, RBC muscle, connective, epithelial, nervous bicep, tricep, blood, ulna, radius, humerus, skin digestive, circulatory, respiratory, immune Human neuron, glia nervous (communication) brain, spinal cord, nerves, receptors visual, motor, auditory circuitry Behavioral & Cognitive

7 Anatomy & Physiology Neuroscience Organism Human Behavioral & Cognitive memory addiction mood behavior self-awareness language learning mental imagery In Health When Impaired Case Studies & Patient Presentation à reading, video, real thing

8 Brain Game Please read the following paragraph:

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11 Emotional Intelligence Building Self-Esteem & Empathy Appears to be strongly linked to career success and tends to correlate with openness, empathy, general intelligence, and low defensiveness. Jump to first page

12 Emotional Intelligence Building Self-Esteem & Empathy Maturity & Wisdom (Grandparents) The ability to recognize, regulate, and respond appropriately to emotional cues and situations in ways that benefit our own well-being and that of others Jump to first page

13 Are Adaptive - integration of thought and emotion is essential for healthy functioning Have a Biological Purpose - are powerful impulses to take action - trigger patterns of physiological change with complex stabilizing feedback mechanisms - are linked to survival - have important communication value

14 u Help Prioritize Tasks of Living - direct attention to situations or experiences that need to be processed

15 Emotions have a tempering purpose They play a key role in rational decision-making and in personal, interpersonal, and intellectual growth. They direct our attention to what s important, reflect what we value, and signal what has emotional meaning for us be it aversive or attractive.

16 Emotions have a tempering purpose Without them, our ability to make sound decisions and exercise good judgment is seriously impaired.

17 The Neuroanatomy of Emotional Intelligence The limbic system provides the neocortex with invaluable information about our emotional experience and what we most value. The prefrontal lobes in the neocortex typically exert an inhibitory effect on the amygdala, which is what lets us keep powerful emotion in check.

18 The Neuroanatomy of Emotional Intelligence The prefrontal cortex is the site of working memory. Emotional signals from limbic to prefrontal areas can cause neural static and disrupt the process. Can t think straight when emotionally upset

19 Disruption in the prefrontal-amygdala circuitry can lead to impaired decision-making and loss of access to emotional learning.

20 Emotional Intelligence is modifying negative or unpleasant circumstances positive or pleasant feelings

21 Emotions are the bridge between rational and non-rational processes - between neocortical and subcortical structures. Emotions and Feelings Emotions are behavioral and physiological responses linked to survival. Emotion is a series of body changes (posture, facial expression, skin color, heart rate, etc.) triggered by some sensory stimulus (noise, sight, smell).

22 Emotions are the bridge between rational and non-rational processes - between neocortical and subcortical structures. Emotions and Feelings - Amygdala picks up on key features of sensory stimuli and triggers a rapid response resulting in a series of adaptive body changes.

23 Emotional Response Feeling is a separate next-step process - a conscious connection between the emotion and the object that triggered it. - Reflects primary (innate, physiologically driven, culturally independent) emotions: joy, sadness, surprise, anger, disgust, fear. Once triggered, these changes convey information (neural and chemical) back to the brain.

24 Emotional Response Feeling is a separate next-step process - a conscious connection between the emotion and the object that triggered it. Our emotional intelligence is rooted, in part, in our ability to tap into that ongoing emotional activity in the form of awareness of our feelings.

25 Feelings are our awareness of what s happening in the body as our thoughts occur - our body s version of a situation. They allow us to have flexible responses to emotional triggers. - to anticipate and avoid or plan for future encounters with those triggers. They reflect secondary emotions or emotions filtered through experience: guilt, euphoria, delight, anxiety, ecstasy, frustration.

26 Imagination and Creativity are Fueled by Emotion

27 Where do you spend most of your energy? What do you love to do? What do you hate to do? You will need some paper and something to write with.

28 Do you belong to or can you relate to... MAD The Great Emotional Triad BAD SAD

29 How do you -fatigue, anxiety, irritability... know when you are stressed?

30 It s time for... An How many of you like to feel sad, powerless, grieved? Interactive Exercise! The Hand-Press Exercise

31 Cognition can occur independently of behavioral and physical changes - lets us generate choices of Emotional Intelligence is how logically consistent and adaptive our emotional reactions are when assessed against our models or beliefs. responses, thus giving us flexibility. Emotional Intelligence is not mere biological responses but rather emotional experience and reactions tempered by cognitive activity.

32 Cognition can occur independently of behavioral and physical changes - lets us generate choices of Emotional Intelligence is how logically consistent and adaptive our emotional reactions are when assessed against our models or beliefs. responses, thus giving us flexibility. As thought tempers emotion, we experience more complex emotional states like guilt or shame. We also develop models of emotional functioning.

33 The Inner World of Emotional Intelligence Self Awareness Self awareness refers to awareness of internal states (physical experiences, feelings, thoughts). Ability to tune in to continual flow of feeling

34 The Inner World of Emotional Intelligence Self Awareness Ability to pick up on body cues, accurately identify them, stay open to both unpleasant and pleasant emotions (Increasing awareness of unpleasant emotions can lead to improved management) Requires mindfulness, self-reflection

35 AWARENESS Heightened awareness may lead to discomfort because of a rise in emotional incongruity. Hysteria 101

36 We likely learn rules about the appropriateness of emotion in given contexts (e.g., when is it acceptable to feel hope or shame or remorse). The desire to avoid unpleasant or painful emotions and defenses that protect us from emotion can lead to greater defensiveness decreased sensitivity to others poorer health less social understanding and insight

37 We likely learn rules about the appropriateness of emotion in given contexts (e.g., when is it acceptable to feel hope or shame or remorse). Awareness of how emotion affects our behavior is a fundamental skill - it influences our ability to manage disruptive emotion tweak performance develop strong relationships, etc.

38 A Rhetorical Question... How many of you know people who have had their sense of humor surgically removed?

39 The ability to regulate emotions by moderating negative (unpleasant) emotions and enhancing pleasant ones without repressing or exaggerating the underlying data At lower levels, emotional regulation may simply mean deciding whether or not to attend a feeling At higher levels, it includes evaluating emotions and trying to regulate them in adaptive ways

40 On the Interstate - Ah! How we pass judgement on others and are not so quick to do so on ourselves. Did you ever notice that anyone driving faster than you is a maniac and anyone driving slower than you is a moron

41 We are integrated systems: Our thoughts trigger powerful emotional responses that trigger powerful physical responses that can trigger powerful thoughts.

42 Intuition Intuition Intuition Intuition Intuition The brain appraises the emotional meaning of something before our perceptual system processes it - we can know something is good or bad before knowing exactly what it is. Traditional decision-making approaches apply reason and logic and often discount the importance of emotional input. Intuition Intuition

43 Intuition The brain appraises the emotional meaning of something before our perceptual system processes it - we can know something is good or bad before knowing exactly what it is. Intuition Intuition Intuition Intuition Intuition Sometimes when we generate options for decision-making, a gut feeling flashes us a message - this is good, this is bad. As a result, this emotion often increases the accuracy and efficiency of our decision-making. Intuition

44 Intuition is our Emotional Barometer. It is acquired by experience and is influenced by external circumstances, social convention, ethical rules, and internal preferences. Because the amygdala can process vast amounts of information with great speed, it lets us filter multiple options quickly and often unconsciously. It can either give us a flash of brilliance that precludes rational decision-making or guide our thinking so that we can make sound decisions consciously.

45 Intuition is likely augmented by pattern recognition. It lets us chunk information in ways that allow easy memory storage and retrieval. Cross-indexing, which reflects broad experience in a myriad of fields and lets us detect similar patterns from dissimilar domains, appears to enhance intuition.

46 Empathy - the ability to sense what another is feeling, what is important to him or her - the ability to appreciate another s perspective different from one s own Empathy Empathy lets one build and maintain strong, meaningful relationships with others. Emotional Intelligence at Work With Others It requires the ability to read subtle emotional cues (voice tone, facial expression) and pick up on discrepancies between verbal and nonverbal.

47 Self Awareness and Self Management Having a rich emotional life gives one a broader base from which to tune into others emotions. Unless one can set aside their own emotional impulses and agenda, this ability is hampered. Think of times when you are really angry or upset - the ability to shift your focus to someone else s emotional state is likely much less than when you are calm and receptive.

48 Are you a good listener? Most of us listen because it gives us a license to talk. The theme song we all live by I AM ALWAYS ON MY MIND

49 And then there are those Hi! How are you? Answer: My mother died last week I m devasdated. Really? I just got back from Phoenix I ve been there the past two weeks.

50 Roots of Empathy: Emotional Attunement Infants show sympathetic distress reactions - they react to others crying, for instance, even before they are old enough to understand that they are distinct from others. Early signs of empathy: motor mimicry or physical imitation of another s distress. Once toddlers reach about 30 months of age and can distinguish self from other, they begin to trade mimicry for empathy.

51 Roots of Mimicry reflects what someone else feels. - Attunement helps others feel understood. Empathy: Emotional Attunement

52 Factors Affecting Development of Empathy Parental Discipline - drawing a child s attention to how his/her behavior affects others Imitation - watching how others react to someone s distress and learning from it Parental Attunement (or lack of it) - parents recognizing, accepting, responding to an infant s emotional needs, matching response to emotion (lack of it may lead to a child avoiding certain feelings) Emotional Contagion - children can catch parents feelings, like depression or anxiety Note: The importance of a simple greeting - it can create Emotional Contagion

53 Physiological Mimicry - an empathetic spouse (partner) will experience physiological changes that mirror those of the partner (spouse s heart rate will rise if the partner is upset, will lower as the partner calms). This form of mimicry requires a shift in focus from one s own emotional agenda to the partner s. If we are absorbed in our own emotional turmoil, our ability to sense and respond to another s emotional state is likely impaired.

54 Couples high on empathy often have successful relationships. Empathetic partners not only recognize the other s distress but also know how to help allay it. Empathy underlies social skill and interpersonal savvy. Studies with children indicate that those with the greatest social skill are those with the ability to observe others in action, tune in to the situation, and then ease in as a participant in a minimally disruptive way.

55 Emotions and Health Optimism, Pessimism, & Depression Thus one indicator of depression may be the active effort to avoid emotional pain. Pessimists have a more realistic view of events. Optimists are usually more resilient, live longer, are healthier and happier than their pessimistic counterparts. Negative Mood correlates with Depression. Negative Mood plus Inattention to Mood correlates even more highly.

56 Time for a quick story

57 Enhancing Your Emotional Intelligence Increase Self Awareness Practice Self Management Become More Empathetic

58 Emotional Intelligence is Knowing what to do when you don t know what to do.

59 Find the black & white cat. It is walking in plain sight.

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