22. Religion and positive psychology: happiness and purpose in life

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1 22. Religion and positive psychology: happiness and purpose in life Theories in the psychology of religion are concerned with mapping the correlates of individual differences in religiosity in terms of positive psychology and areas of personal development. Leslie J Francis research in this area has concentrated specifically on areas like self-esteem, empathy, and happiness. Chapters Jones, S. H., & Francis, L. J. (1996). Religiosity and self-esteem during childhood and adolescence. In L. J. Francis, W. K. Kay, & W. S. Campbell (Eds.), Research in religious education (pp ). Leominster: Gracewing. ISBN and ISBN Robbins, M. & Francis, L. J. (1996). Are religious people happier? A study among undergraduates. In L. J. Francis, W. K. Kay, & W. S. Campbell (Eds.), Research in religious education (pp ). Leominster: Gracewing. ISBN and ISBN Francis, L. J. (2005). Prayer, personality and purpose in life among churchgoing and non-churchgoing adolescents. In L. J. Francis, M. Robbins, & J. Astley (Eds.), Religion, education and adolescence: International empirical perspectives (pp ). Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN Francis, L. J. (2007). God images and empathy: A study among secondary school pupils in England. In P. Heggy (Ed.), What do we imagine God to be? The function of God images in our lives (pp ). Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN Robbins, M., Francis, L. J., & Kerr, S. (2007). God images and self-esteem among secondary school pupils in South Africa. In P. Heggy (Ed.), What do we imagine God to be? The function of God images in our lives (pp ). Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN Francis, L. J. (2010), Religion and happiness: Perspectives from psychology of religion, positive psychology and empirical theology. In J. Atherton, E. Graham, & I. Steedman (Eds.), The practices of happiness: Political economy, religion and wellbeing (pp ). London: Routledge. ISBN Fisher, J. W., & Francis, L. J. (2013). Happiness is a thing called stable extraversion: Testing Eysenck s thesis among three samples in Australia. In F. Sarracino (Ed.), The happiness compass: Theories, actions and perspectives for well-being (pp ). New York: Nova Science. ISBN (ebook). Francis, L. J., Yablon, Y., & Robbins, M. (2013). Psychological type and happiness: A study among female undergraduates in Israel. In F. Sarracino (Ed.), The happiness compass: Theories, actions and perspectives for well-being (pp ). New York: Nova Science. ISBN (ebook). Francis, L. J., Yablon, Y. B., & Robbins, M. (2014). Happiness is a thing called stable extraversion: Testing Eysenck s hypothesis among Hebrew-speaking students in Israel. In A. D. Haddock and A. P. Rutkowski (Eds.), Psychology of extraversion (pp ). Hauppauge: Nova Science Publishing. ISBN Penny, G., & Francis, L. J. (2014). Religion and self-esteem: A study among 13- to 15-year-old students in the UK. In J. H. Borders (Ed.) Handbook on the psychology of self-esteem (pp ). New York: Nova Science. ISBN (ebook).

2 Articles Francis, L. J., & Pearson, P. R. (1987). Empathic development during adolescence: religiosity the missing link? Personality and Individual Differences, 8, Francis, L. J. (1992). The influence of religion, gender and social class on attitudes toward school among eleven-year-olds in England. Journal of Experimental Education, 60, , 1992 Francis, L. J., & Burton, L. (1994). The influence of personal prayer on purpose in life among Catholic adolescents. Journal of Beliefs and Values, 15(2), 6-9. Kay, W. K., & Francis, L. J. (1994). Well-being and its educational consequences. Spectrum, 26(1), Francis, L. J., & Evans, T. E. (1996). The relationship between personal prayer and purpose in life among churchgoing and non-churchgoing year olds in the UK. Religious Education, 91, Francis, L. J., & Bolger, J. (1997). Personality and psychological well-being in later life. Irish Journal of Psychology, 18, Francis, L. J., & Bolger, J. (1997). Religion and psychological well-being in later life. Psychological Reports, 80, Francis, L. J., Jones, S.H., & Wilcox, C. (1997). Religiosity and dimensions of psychological wellbeing among year olds. Journal of Christian Education, 40(1), Francis, L. J., & Lester, D. (1997). Religion, personality and happiness. Journal of Contemporary Religion, 12, Fisher, J. W., Francis, L. J., & Johnson, P. (2000). Assessing spiritual health via four domains of spiritual wellbeing: The SH4DI. Pastoral Psychology, 49, Francis, L. J. (2000) The relationship between bible reading and purpose in life among year olds. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 3, Francis, L. J., & Jones, S. H., (2000). Psychological type and happiness: A study among adult churchgoers. Journal of Psychological Type, 54, Francis, L. J., Jones, S. H., & Wilcox, C. (2000). Religiosity and happiness: During adolescence, young adulthood and later life. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 19, Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2000). The influence of religion on undergraduates attending an Anglican college: church attendance, personality and wellbeing. Prologue, 2, Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2000). Religion and happiness: a study in empirical theology. Transpersonal Psychology Review, 4(2), Robbins, M., & Francis, L. J. (2000). Religion, personality and wellbeing: The relationship between church attendance and purpose in life among undergraduates attending an Anglican College in Wales. Journal of Research on Christian Education, 9, Francis, L. J., & Kaldor, P. (2001). The relationship between religion and purpose in life in an Australian population sample. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 12,

3 Fisher, J. W., Francis, L. J., & Johnson, P. (2002). The personal and social correlates of spiritual wellbeing among primary school teachers. Pastoral Psychology, 51, Francis, L. J., & Kaldor, P. (2002). The relationship between psychological well-being and Christian faith and practice in an Australian population sample. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 41, Francis, L. J., & Kaldor, P. (2002). The relationship between religion and Rosenberg s measure of self-esteem in an Australian population sample. Transpersonal Psychology Review, 6(1), Francis, L. J., & Katz, Y. J. (2002). Religiosity and happiness: A study among Israeli female undergraduates. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 13, Francis, L. J., Ziebertz, H.-G., Lewis, C. A. (2003). The relationship between religion and happiness among German students. Pastoral Psychology, 51, Kalbheim, B., Francis, L. J., &. Ziebertz, H.-G. (2003). Christlicher Glaube und Glück: eine empirische studie zum zusammenhang von religiosität und glückserfahrungen. Archiv für Religionspsychologie, 25, Francis, L. J., Katz, Y. J., Yablon, Y., & Robbins, M. (2004). Religiosity, personality, and happiness: A study among Israeli male undergraduates. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5, Francis, L. J., Robbins, M., Lewis, C. A., Quigley, C. F., & Wheeler, C. (2004). Religiosity and general health among undergraduate students: a response to O Connor, Cobb and O Connor. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, Robbins, M., &. Francis, L. J. (2005). Purpose in life and prayer among Catholic and Protestant adolescents in Northern Ireland. Journal of Research on Christian Education, 14, Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2006). Prayer, purpose in life, personality and social attitudes among non-churchgoing 13- to 15-year-olds in England and Wales. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 17, Hills, P. R., Francis, L. J., & Jennings, P. (2006). Religious behaviour, personality and dimensions of self-esteem among 13- to 15-year-old adolescents. Journal of Research on Christian Education, 15, Williams, E., Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2006). Rejection of Christianity and self-esteem. North American Journal of Psychology, 8, Robbins, M., Francis L. J., & Williams, E. (2007). Church attendance and self-esteem among adolescents. The Psychologist in Wales, 20, 4-5. ISSN Francis, L. J., Hills P. R., Schludermann, E. & Schludermann, S. (2008). Religion, psychological well-being, and personality: A study among undergraduate students in Canada. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 19, ISSN Francis L. J., & Robbins M. (2008). The relationship between denominational affiliation and spiritual health among weekly churchgoing year-old adolescents in England. Journal of Education and Christian Belief, 12, ISSN Robbins, M., Francis, L. J., & Edwards, B. (2008). Prayer, personality and happiness: A study among undergraduate students in Wales. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 11, ISSN

4 Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2009). Prayer, purpose in life, and attitude toward substances: A study among 13- to 15-year-olds in England and Wales. Counselling and Spirituality, 28(2), ISSN

5 Francis, L. J., Jewell, A., & Robbins, M. (2010). The relationship between religious orientation personality and purpose in life among an older Methodist sample. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 13, ISSN Francis, L. J., Rolph, J., Rolph, P. W., & Robbins, M. (2010).Personality and the happiness of others: A study among 13- to 15-year-old adolescents. Applied Psychology: Health and Wellbeing, 2, ISSN Williams, E., Francis, L. J., & Village, A. (2010). Marriage, religion and human flourishing: How sustainable is the classic Durkeim thesis in contemporary Europe? Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 13, ISSN Tiliopoulos, N., Francis, L. J., & Slattery, M. (2011). The affective dimension of religion and happiness among Hindu Bunts in South India. Transpersonal Psychology Review, 14(2), ISSN Williams, E., Francis, L. J., & Robbins, M. (2011). Implicit religion and the quest for meaning: Purpose in life and transcendental beliefs. Implicit Religion, 14, ISSN Francis, L. J., Elken, A., & Robbins, M. (2012). The affective dimension of religion and personal happiness among students in Estonia. Journal of Research in Christian Education, 21, ISSN Francis, L. J. (2013). Implicit religion, explicit religion and purpose in life: An empirical enquiry among 13- to 15-year-old adolescents. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 16, ISSN Francis, L. J., & Fisher, J. W. (2014). Prayer and personal happiness: A study among secondary school students in Australia. Journal of Religious Education, 62, ISSN X. Francis, L. J., Yablon, Y. B., & Robbins, M. (2014). Religion and happiness: A study among female undergraduate students in Israel. International Journal of Jewish Education Research, 7, ISSN Francis, L. J., & Penny, G. (2016). Implicit religion and psychological wellbeing: A study among adolescents without formal religious affiliation or practice. Implicit Religion, 19, ISSN Francis, L. J., & Penny, G. (2016). Prayer, personality and purpose in life: An empirical enquiry among adolescents in the UK. Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, 27, ISSN Francis, L. J., & Penny, G. (2016). Christian commitment and personal wellbeing: Exploring the connection between religious affect and global happiness among young churchgoers in Australia. Journal of Research in Christian Education, 25, ISSN

Francis, L. J., Pearson, P. R., Carter, M., & Kay, W. K. (1981). Are introverts more religious? British Journal of Social Psychology, 20,

Francis, L. J., Pearson, P. R., Carter, M., & Kay, W. K. (1981). Are introverts more religious? British Journal of Social Psychology, 20, 8. Personality and religion Since the 1970s Leslie J Francis has undertaken a series of studies exploring the connection between established models of personality and aspects of religion. This research