FACTORS INFLUENCING KNOWLEDGE SHARING INTENTION IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION LIM SIEW EN UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

Transcription

1 i FACTORS INFLUENCING KNOWLEDGE SHARING INTENTION IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION LIM SIEW EN UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

2 ii FACTORS INFLUENCING KNOWLEDGE SHARING INTENTION IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION LIM SIEW EN A report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award for the degree of Master of Science (Human Resource Development) Faculty of Management and Human Resource Development Universiti Teknologi Malaysia FEB 2011

3 iii Dedicated to my beloved Mum and Dad, my supporters Sky, Rain and Forest and dear IVCCians.

4 iv ACTKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks God, the Almighty one for the blessings bestowed upon my life. He leads and accompanies me to go through all the process and difficulties, the joys and the pains. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my research supervisor, Dr. Roziana Shaari for her continuous valuable advice, guidance, support and motivation during project. Besides that, I would also like to express my special thanks towards my assessors, Dr Khalil Md Nor and En. Muhd Shahril Bakri for their advices and encouragements. Secondly, I would like to express my thanks to all academic staffs and administrative staffs from all the faculties of UTM for being cooperate, and provide information regard to this research. Next, thanks to my family and friends. They have been helpful in this project and encouraging me mentally and spiritually in completing this research. I assured you all, that I have given my very best for this project. Last but not least to everyone who has been directly or indirectly contributing their effort for the success of the research. Thank you.

5 v ABSTRACT In this era, knowledge is recognized as the critical element for organizations to achieve competitive advantage. However individuals hoard their knowledge due to some factors. This research aimed to study the influences of individual and psychological factors, organizational factors and technological factor on the knowledge sharing intention by using the Theory of Planned Behaviour as the theoretical framework. The quantitative survey was conducted on 177 academic staffs from 13 faculties of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru Campus. The Spearman s coefficient correlation, multiple regression analysis and mediation analysis were used to test the research objectives. The correlation analyses results showed that 9 out of 11 hypotheses were supported. The research finding was consistent with Theory of Planned Behaviour where attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control collectively explained 50.6 percent variance of knowledge sharing intention. The results of regression analysis showed that the most significant knowledge sharing intention predictor were attitude and perceived behavioural control; the most dominant predictor of attitude were anticipated reciprocal relationship, trust and knowledge self-efficacy; the most dominant predictor of subjective norm was affiliation; and the predictor of perceived behavioural control was controllability of ICT. The proposed theoretical framework was overall supported by the mediation analysis results, in which 7 out of 8 hypotheses were supported. From theoretical perspective, this research proffers a comprehensive perspective on examine knowledge sharing intention by clarifying and rearranging the factors. From practical perspective, the findings could increase the understanding about factors influencing knowledge sharing intention and highlighted the team-task-based task approach for enabling the organization to formulate complementary strategies in cultivating knowledge sharing culture. Future research could investigate the moderating effect of gender, age, race, working experience and other factors on knowledge sharing intention.

6 vi ABSTRAK Dalam era ini, pengetahuan adalah diiktiraf sebagai elemen yang krtikal bagi sesuatu organisasi untuk meraih keunggulan kompetitif. Namun, terdapat beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan individu enggan berkongsi pengetahuan mereka. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh faktor individu dan psikologi, faktor organisasi dan faktor teknologi kepada intensi perkongsian pengetahuan dengan menggunakan Teori Tingkah Laku Terancang sebagai kerangka teori. Kajiian kuantitatif ini dijalankan ke atas 177 orang staf akademik daripada 13 fakulti Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru Kampus. Korelasi Spearman, analisis regresi berganda dan analisis mediasi digunakan untuk menguji objektif kajian. Keputsan analisis korelasi menunjukkan 9 daripada 11 hipothesis adalah disokong. Penemuan kajian ini adalah konsisten dengan Teori Tingkah Laku Terancang di mana sikap, norma subjektif and kawalan tingkah laku dilihat menjelaskan sejumlah 50.6 peratus bagi meramal variasi intensi perkongsian pengetahuan. Keputusan regresi juga meunjukkan bahawa sikap dan kawalan tingkah laku dilihat adalah prediktor yang paling signifikan bagi intensi perkongsian pengetahuan; jangkaan hubungan timbal- balik, kepercayaan dan knowledge self-efficacy adalah prediktor yang paling signifikan bagi sikap; afiliasi adalah prediktor yang paling signifikan bagi norma subjektif; dan kebolehan kawalan ICT adalah prediktor yang signifikan bagi kawalan tingkah laku dilihat. Pada keseluruhannya, kererangka teori yang dicadangkan adalah disokong dengan keputusan analisis mediasi, di mana 7 daripada 8 hipothesis adalah disokong. Dari tinjauan teori, kajian ini mengemukakan perspektif yang komprehensif untuk mega ji intentsi perkongsian pengetahuan dengan klarifikasi dan menyusun semula faktor-faktor. Dari tinjauan pratical, kajian ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi intensi perkongsian pengetahuan dan memperkenalkan amalan kerja berkumpulan sebagi pendekatan yang membolehkan organisasi merancangkan strategi-strategi yang komplementeri supaya budaya perkongsian pengetahuan dapat dibangunkan. Kajian masa hadapan boleh mengkaji pengaruh moderater pada jantina, usia, bangsa, pengalaman kerja dan faktor-faktor lain ke atas intensi perkongsian pengetahuan.