Optimistic Versus Pessimistic Life-Orientation Beliefs among University Teachers
|
|
- Neil Mason
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Optimistic Versus Pessimistic Life-Orientation Beliefs among University Teachers Marium Din 1, Samra Afzal 2 1,2 National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad, Pakistan dr.mariumdin@gmail.com, afzalsamra@yahoo.com Abstract Optimism and pessimism describe expectancies of people about their future. Present research has investigated optimistic and pessimistic life-orientation of teachers working in public and private universities. Life-orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) developed by Scheier, Carver, & Bridges in 1994 was used for measuring life-orientation: optimism and pessimism. 363 teachers from six public and private sector universities of Islamabad, Pakistan were participated as a sample of study through stratified random sampling technique. Mean, standard deviation, t-test, and ANOVA ware used as statistical techniques for analysis of data through SPSS 21. Findings revealed that both strata of teachers on the basis of life-orientation are present.university teachers were found to be optimistic and pessimistic. They had moderately high optimistic and pessimistic life-orientation. Significant mean differences were found to be present in teachers optimistic and pessimistic lifeorientation due to age, academic qualification, and length of professional experience. Key Words Life-orientation; Optimism; Pessimism; Optimistic exploratory style; Pessimistic exploratory style. 1 Introduction Optimism describes expectancies of positive consequences while pessimism describes expectancies of negative consequences. So people can be low or high on optimism and pessimism (Chang et al., 1994). Optimism can also be described as an attitude and mood tied with expectation regarding material or social future, especially socially desirable, of his or her own advantage and pleasure (Tiger, 1979). Optimism is also linked with specific way of goal framing, positive affect and coping style. Optimists tend to show attention to information which is positive; have problem solving behavior, exhibit active engagement and positive reframing. Pessimist people in contrast, pay more attention to negative information, and also show denial, passivity and avoidance (Carr, 2004). From philosophical point of view, optimism and pessimism are presumed human capacity to forecast future in an accurate manner. Accurate forecasting depends on the reliable interpretation of circumstances keeping in view the past and present in a logical style. Explaining the optimism and pessimism in a philosophical term has two forms. A priori reasoning: forecasting future based on general principles that are unchallenged. A posteriori reasoning: forecasting the future based on empirical verifiable patterns of nature (Chang, 2001). As psychological position, optimism describes hopeful expectations regarding a specific situation (Scheier and Carver, 1988). Optimism thus expresses people expectations which are favorable concerning future. Such expectations more likely should lead towards success on a specific situation or problem and also contribute for promotion of continued efforts for solving problem which results in 14
2 Din and Afzal International Journal of Basic and Applied Science, better outcomes (Carver and Scheier, 1990). This is more generalized way of describing expectancy regarding good or bad consequences in life. It is also characterized as dispositional optimism or pessimism (Scheier and Carver, 1985). Dispositional optimism can be best described as self-regulatory model. People explore impediments behind the way they adopt for goal achievement. If people believe that goals can be achieved even in difficult circumstances, they are optimists and if they give up they are pessimists. Dispositional optimism is associated with number of indices of physical as well as psychological health. People who show high score on the dispositional optimism report less symptoms of depression, more use of coping strategies in an effective manner, and definitely display less physical signs as compared to people with high pessimism (Scheier and Carver, 1992, 1993). Buchanan & Seligman (1995) has theorized described optimism as an individual characteristic or exploratory style in the field of positive psychology. It is a way an individual explains the reason/s behind the bad happening. There are three dimensions of exploratory style. 1. Internal versus external 2. Stable versus unstable 3. Global versus specific People who relate bad events with unstable, specific and external causes are optimistic while those who relate bad events with stable, global and internal causes are pessimistic. So there are two styles: optimistic exploratory style and pessimistic exploratory style. Optimists exhibit high level of physical wellbeing, motivation and achievement. Optimism and pessimism explain that how people describe their routinely life events (Seligman, 1991). According to Scheier and Carver (1993), exploratory style and dispositional optimism are conceptually linked. 1.1 Rationale of Study Researches indicated that optimism effect the mental and physical well-being (Carver, Scheier, & Segerstrom, 2010). Optimistic people are more inclined towards the greater quality of life as compared to pessimistic people (Scheier & Carver, 1992). Optimism is also linked with the subjective well-being (Carver et al., 2010). A study conducted by Alloy et al. (2006) explained that there is an inverse relationship between optimism and hopelessness. The findings of a research conducted by Beard et al. (2009) also found that teachers personal optimism definitely affect the academic optimism in their teaching as well as in students performance. According to Carver, Scheier, & Segerstrom (2010) Optimistic people face different life challenges in confident and persistent manner even in situations when progress is slow and difficult. While pessimistic people show hesitation and doubtful attitude in the same circumstances. The way people confront difficult challenges describes the goal directed behavior of people towards success and also explains that how they cope with stress. According to Schulman, (1995) optimistic way of explaining the negative events are associated with higher level of academic success in college students. It is also associated with increased job security. According to Seligman (1991), academic achievement is linked with the optimism. Only talent and aptitude are not enough for the success, potential without optimism has little meaning. Optimism/ pessimism life-orientation is still an ignored area in research. There are very few researches in the area of optimism generally and in the educational settings specifically. Therefore, it was felt a need to conduct a research study to explore teachers life-orientation (optimism/ pessimism) at university level. 1.2 Objectives The objectives of the research study were to: 15
3 International Journal of Basic and Applied Science, Din and Afzal 1. Explore life-orientation (optimistic/pessimistic) beliefs of university teachers. 2. Compare teachers life-orientation (optimistic/pessimistic) orientation beliefs working in public and private universities. 3. Find out the differences in teachers optimistic/pessimistic life -orientation beliefs due to their gender, age, faculties and academic qualification. 1.3 Hypotheses H01a: University teachers have same optimistic life-orientation regardless of public and private sector. H01b: University teachers have same pessimistic life-orientation regardless of public and private sector. H02a: University teachers have same optimistic life-orientation regardless of their gender. H02b: University teachers have same pessimistic life-orientation regardless of their gender. H03a: University teachers have same optimistic life-orientation regardless of their age. H03b: University teachers have same pessimistic life-orientation regardless of their age. H04a: University teachers have same optimistic life-orientation regardless of their teaching faculties. H04b: University teachers have same pessimistic life-orientation regardless of their teaching faculties. H05a: University teachers have same optimistic life-orientation regardless of their academic qualification. H05b: University teachers have same pessimistic life-orientation regardless of their academic qualification. H06a: University teachers have same optimistic life-orientation beliefs regardless of their number of years in service. H06b: University teachers have same pessimistic life-orientation beliefs regardless of their number of years in service. 2 Methodology Present study followed the quantitative research approach with survey design. Questionnaire was used for gathering data. Three public and three private sector universities of Islamabad Capital Territory were selected. From these six universities 363 (public universities teachers N=200, private universities teachers N=163). Mean, t-test, standard deviation, and ANOVA were used for statistical treatment. 2.1 Population, Sample Size and Sampling Technique Teachers working at universities in the Islamabad Capital Territory were the population of the study. Generally, two sectors are working side by side: public and private. Keeping in view, both sectors were taken into account. So, three universities from public and three from the private sector were selected through stratified sampling technique. Stratified sampling helped the researchers to make homogenous strata for getting a representative sample from the population. Further, four sub-strata were made on the basis of faculties. These sub-strata were Social Sciences, Management Sciences, Engineering, and Languages. Thus, 363 teachers participated in the study as a sample. 2.2 Instrument For measuring the life-orientation: optimism and pessimism, Life-orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R ) developed by Scheier, Carver, & Bridges in 1994 was used. It consisted of ten items. Four items were filler, while three described the optimism and three described the pessimism. Statistical procedures were not run on the filler items. Five- point scale was used ranging from I agree a lot to I disagree a lot. LOT-R was used dimensions wise which were optimism and pessimism. As Peterson (2006) asserts that optimism does not mean the lack of pessimism. 16 Insan Akademika Publications
4 Din and Afzal International Journal of Basic and Applied Science, 1. Data Analysis Table 1. Demographic Profile of the Respondents Variable Categories Public N=200 Private N=163 Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage Gender Males Females Age Less than Faculties Social Sciences Management Sciences Languages Academic Qualification Length of Service (years) Engineering M.A/M.Sc M.S/M.Phil Ph.D Post-Doctorate Table 2. Life-orientation beliefs profile of university teachers (N=363) Variables Optimistic lifeorientation Pessimism lifeorientation Teachers of public universities (N=200) Teachers of private universities (N=163) Overall life-orientation (N=363) Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Five point scale ranging from I agree a lot to I disagree a lot was used for assessing the optimistic and pessimistic life-orientation among university teachers. Results indicated that mean value regarding 17
5 International Journal of Basic and Applied Science, Din and Afzal the optimism among public universities teachers (3.54) was slightly higher than the optimism among private university teachers (3.48). Values regarding the pessimistic life-orientation showed that the mean value in public universities teachers (3.16) was less as compared to the private university teachers (3.56). Thus, teachers of public sector universities were higher on optimistic life-orientation while teachers of private sector universities were higher on pessimistic life-orientation. Overall mean value regarding the optimistic life-orientation showed moderately high optimistic life-orientation. Table 3. Comparing the optimistic versus pessimistic Life-orientation among teachers of public and private sector universities Variable Sector N mean t df p Optimistic Life-orientation Pessimistic life-orientation Public Private Public Private Independent samples t-test was applied to identify the mean differences among faculty of public and private universities regarding the optimistic and pessimistic life-orientation. The t-value (.535) was not significant at p=.593. Results indicated that mean value regarding the optimistic life-orientation was slightly higher in public universities teachers (3.520) but insignificant. On the basis of this finding the null hypothesis H01a that university teachers have same optimistic life-orientation regardless of public and private sector was accepted. Results regarding the pessimistic life-orientation showed that there was significant difference in the pessimistic life-orientation in both public and private sector universities teachers as t=-4.489, p=.000. Teachers of private sector universities were found higher on the pessimistic life-orientation thus rejecting the H01b. Table 4. Mean differences in teachers optimistic and pessimistic Life-orientation beliefs due to their gender Variable gender N Mean df t P Optimistic life-orientation Pessimistic life-orientation Male female Male female Results indicated that no difference was present in optimistic and pessimistic life-orientation of teachers of public and private universities due to their gender. Therefore the null hypotheses H02a and H02b that university teachers have same optimistic and pessimistic life-orientation regardless of their gender are accepted. Table 5. Mean Differences in Teachers Optimistic and Pessimistic Life-orientation Beliefs due to their age Variable Age N Mean df F p Optimistic life-orientation Less than Insan Akademika Publications
6 Din and Afzal International Journal of Basic and Applied Science, Pessimistic life-orientation Less than Analysis of variance was calculated for finding out the mean differences in the teachers optimistic and pessimistic life-orientation due to their age. A significant mean difference was present in teachers different age groups regarding their optimistic life-orientation as F=5.064, p=.001. Results also indicated that teachers with age group of less than 25 years (3.76) were having more optimistic life-orientation attitude as compared to the other age group categories thus rejecting the hypothesis H03a that university teachers have same optimistic life-orientation regardless of their age. In case of pessimistic lifeorientation, significant mean difference was also found in teachers pessimistic life-orientation as F=2.480, p=.04 thus rejecting the H03b. Table 6. Mean Differences in Teachers Optimistic and pessimistic Life-orientation Beliefs due to their Faculties Variable Teaching Faculties N Mean df F p Optimistic Life-orientation Pessimistic Life-orientation Social Sciences Management sciences Languages Engineering Social Sciences Management sciences Languages Engineering Results indicated that F value (.486) of teachers optimistic life-orientation was not significant as p=.692. There was no difference found in the faculties of Social Sciences, Management Sciences, Languages and Engineering regarding the optimistic life-orientation beliefs. The highest mean value regarding teachers optimistic beliefs was found in Faculty of Languages (3.67) which was marginally different from the Social Sciences (3.46), Management Sciences (3.52) and Engineering (3.64). Thus hypothesis H04a was accepted that university teachers have same optimistic life-orientation regardless of their teaching faculties. As, teachers pessimistic life-orientation is concerned, there was no difference found in Faculty of Social Sciences, Management Sciences, Languages, and Engineering and also insignificant. Therefore the null hypothesis H04b was rejected as well. Table 7. Mean Differences in Teachers Optimistic Life-orientation Beliefs due to their academic Qualification 19
7 International Journal of Basic and Applied Science, Din and Afzal Variable Academic Qualification N mean df F p Optimistic Life-orientation Pessimistic Life-orientation M.A/M.Sc M.S/M.Phil Ph.D Post-Doctorate M.A/M.Sc M.S/M.Phil Ph.D Post-Doctorate One way ANOVA was applied for measuring the mean differences among teachers life-orientation beliefs due to their academic qualification. The F value (3.894) regarding teachers optimistic lifeorientation is significant as p=.00. Results of mean value also indicated that teachers with academic qualification of M.A/M.Sc. (3.82) had most optimistic life-orientation beliefs as compared to the rest of the qualifications. While teachers who had the qualification of post -doctorate were less in number and also found low in optimistic life-orientation. Thus rejecting the H05a that university teachers have same optimistic life-orientation regardless of their academic qualification. While in case of teachers pessimistic life-orientation, significant difference was found in teachers academic qualifications and pessimistic life-orientation. This is also significant as p=.01 thus rejecting the hypothesis H05b. Table 8. Mean Differences in Teachers Optimistic Life-orientation Beliefs due to their number of years in service Variable Number of years in service N mean df F p Optimistic Life-orientation Pessimistic Life-orientation Results of one way ANOVA indicated that F value (3.955) for teachers optimistic life-orientation is significant at p=.00. Teachers who had 4-6 years in their service (3.71) were found higher in their optimistic life-orientation beliefs whereas teachers who had 16+ years in their job (2.67) were found lower in optimistic life-orientation beliefs. Thus rejecting the H06a that university teachers have same optimistic life-orientation beliefs regardless of their number of years in service. There was also significant difference found in number of years in service and teachers pessimistic life-orientation as 20 Insan Akademika Publications
8 Din and Afzal International Journal of Basic and Applied Science, p=.003 thus rejecting the H06b. Teachers with experience of 0-3 were found high on the pessimistic life-orientation. 3 Discussion The present study was carried out to identify the optimistic life-orientation beliefs of university teachers. 363 teachers from both public and private sector universities of Islamabad participated in the study as respondents. LOT-R developed by Scheier, Carver, & Bridges in 1994 was used for collecting data. Objective one of the study was to identify the optimistic and pessimistic life-orientation beliefs of teachers working in the universities. Mean and standard deviation was calculated. Results revealed that teachers working in universities had moderately high optimistic and moderately high pessimistic lifeorientation beliefs. Optimism does not simply means absence of pessimism (Peterson, 2006). Different researches explain that people with high optimistic beliefs face fewer depressive symptoms while coping with emotions or problems (Chico, 2002). Optimistic people reframe difficult situation in an appropriate way, use solution focused strategies for coping problems and have stable emotional responses while pessimistic people react with denial when face problems and have no goals (Peterson and Bossio, 1991). Second objective of the study was to compare the teachers optimistic life-orientation beliefs in public and private universities. T-test was applied for accomplishing the objective. Significant difference was present in the teachers life-orientation beliefs working in public and private universities. Teachers working in public universities were slightly higher in optimistic life-orientation beliefs while teachers of public universities were more inclined towards the pessimistic life-orientation. Third objective of the study dealt with finding out the mean difference among teachers optimistic lifeorientation beliefs due to their gender, age, teaching faculties, academic qualification and number of years in service. For this t-test and one way ANOVA was applied. No mean difference was found in the teachers optimistic as well as pessimistic life-orientation due to their gender difference. A significant mean difference was found in the teachers optimistic life-orientation in different age group categories. Teachers with age of less than 25 were having more optimistic life-orientation while 56+ age group teachers were having less optimistic life-orientation. In study conducted by Lachman et al. (2008) also found that younger people are more optimistic than older people. Findings regarding the teaching faculties and teaches optimism and pessimistic life-orientation explained that there were no mean differences present among Faculties of Social Sciences, Languages, Engineering and Management Sciences regarding teachers optimistic orientation of life. Statistically significant effect of academic qualification was found on teachers optimistic life-orientation beliefs. Teachers who were having qualification of M.A/M.Sc. were found higher in optimistic life-orientation while teachers with qualification of Post- Doctorate were found lower. As far as length of service is concerned, significant effect of number of years in service was found on the optimistic and pessimistic life-orientation beliefs. Teachers having 0-3 years of service length were more inclined towards the optimistic life-orientation and 16+ experience were less inclined towards the optimistic life-orientation. While in case of pessimistic life-orientation teachers with 4-6 were more inclined towards the pessimistic life-orientation. 4 Conclusions Based on the above findings it is concluded that university teachers have moderately high optimism lifeorientation beliefs. It was also concluded that teachers working in the private sector were more inclined 21
9 International Journal of Basic and Applied Science, Din and Afzal towards the optimistic life-orientation as compared to the teachers working in the public universities. Significant mean difference was present in the age, academic qualification and number of yeas in service regarding teachers optimistic life-orientation. While no significant difference and effect of gender and faculties was detected regarding the teachers optimistic life-orientation. References Alloy, L. B., Abramson, L. Y., Whitehouse, W. G., Hogan, M. E., Panzarella, C., & Rose, D. T. (2006). Prospective incidence of first onsets and recurrences of depression in individuals at high and low cognitive risk for depression. Journal of abnormal psychology, 115(1), 145. Beard, K. S., Hoy, W. K., & Woolfolk Hoy, A. (2009). Academic optimism of individual teachers: Confirming a new construct. Working paper, Ohio State University, USA. Buchanan, G. M., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1995). Explanatory style. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Carr, A. (2004). Positive Psychology: The Science of Happiness and Human strengths. Routledge. Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1990). Principles of self-regulation: Action and emotion. In E. T. Higgins & R. M. Sorrentino (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition (Vol. 2, pp. 3-52). New York: Guilford Press. Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Segerstrom, S. C. (2010). Optimism. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, Chang, E. C., D'Zurilla, T. J., & Maydeu-Olivares, A. (1994). Assessing the dimensionality of optimism and pessimism using a multimeasure approach. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18, Chang, E. C., ed., (2001). Optimism & pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Chico, E. (2002). Optimismo disposicional como predictor de estrategias de afrontamiento. Psicothema,14, Lachman ME, Rocke C, Rosnick C, Ryff CD (2008). Realism and illusion in Americans temporal views of their life satisfaction. Psychological Science 19, Peterson, C. & Bossio, L. (1991). Health and optimism. New York: Free Press. Peterson, C. (2006). A Primer in positive psychology. New York: Oxford University Press. Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, coping and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology, 4, Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1988). A model of behavioral self-regulation: Translating intention into action. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 21, pp ). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1992). Effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being: Theoretical overview and empirical update. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 16, Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1993). On the power of positive thinking: The benefits of being optimistic. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2, Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A re-evaluation of the Life-orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, Schulman, P. (1995). Explanatory style and achievement in school and work. In G.M. Buchanan & M. E. P. Seligman (Eds.), Explanatory style (pp ).Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Seligman, M. E. P. (1991). Learned optimism. New York: Knopf. Tiger, L. (1979). Optimism: The biology of hope. New York: Simon & Schuster. 22 Insan Akademika Publications
DURHAM AREA SURVEY 2011: REPORT ON OPTIMISM. January, Prepared by: Lyris Antle Natasha Doelman Hannah Scott, Ph.D.
DURHAM AREA SURVEY 2011: REPORT ON OPTIMISM January, 2013 Prepared by: Lyris Antle Natasha Doelman Hannah Scott, Ph.D. Amanda Warr Centre for Evaluation and Survey Research 61 Charles Street, Oshawa, ON,
More informationA Study of Life Satisfaction and Optimism in Relation to Psychological Well-Being Among Working and Non Working Women
A Study of Life Satisfaction and Optimism in Relation to Psychological Well-Being Among Working and Non Working Women [1] Dr. Fareeda Shaheen Abstract: Purpose of the present investigation was to study
More informationThe study of relationship between optimism (positive thinking) and mental health (Case study: students of Islamic Azad University of Bandar Abbas)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Received 8 April. 2017 Accepted 24 Aguste. 2017 Vol. 6, Issue 4, 98-106, 2017 Academic Journal of Psychological Studies ISSN: 2333-0821 ajps.worldofresearches.com The study of relationship
More informationSOPAAN :ISSN
MENTAL HEALTH AS PREDICTOR OF OPTIMISM AMONG PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS Harmandeep Kaur, JRF, Research Scholar, Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh, email- harman0845@gmail.com Abstract The
More informationThe Relationship of Mental Pressure with Optimism and Academic Achievement Motivation among Second Grade Male High School Students
International Education Studies; Vol. 9, No. 8; 2016 ISSN 1913-9020 E-ISSN 1913-9039 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education The Relationship of Mental Pressure with Optimism and Academic
More informationPaper presented at the Australian Association for Research in Education Annual Conference. Melbourne, 30 November, 1999.
Paper presented at the Australian Association for Research in Education Annual Conference. Melbourne, 30 November, 1999. Students' Explanatory Style, Goal Orientation and Achievement in Mathematics: A
More informationTeacher stress: A comparison between casual and permanent primary school teachers with a special focus on coping
Teacher stress: A comparison between casual and permanent primary school teachers with a special focus on coping Amanda Palmer, Ken Sinclair and Michael Bailey University of Sydney Paper prepared for presentation
More informationThe Emotionally Intelligent Teacher: A Transformative Learning Model
The Emotionally Intelligent Teacher: A Transformative Learning Model Darwin B. Nelson, Ph.D. Gary R. Low, Ph.D. Kaye Nelson, Ed.D. ABSTRACT This article presented a research-based model of emotional intelligence
More informationEVALUATION OF CHALLENGE STRESSORS: EVIDENCE FROM ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY
EVALUATIO OF CHALLEGE STRESSORS: EVIDECE FROM ISLAMIC AZAD UIVERSITY DaryoushQorbani Department of Management, Germi Branch, Islamic Azad Unversity, Germi, Iran Mohammad Feizi 12 Department of Management,
More informationBRIEF REPORT. The effects of optimism and pessimism on updating emotional information in working memory. Sara M. Levens 1 and Ian H.
COGNITION AND EMOTION 2012, 26 (2), 341350 BRIEF REPORT The effects of optimism and pessimism on updating emotional information in working memory Sara M. Levens 1 and Ian H. Gotlib 2 1 Department of Psychology,
More informationOptimism: A Factor of Intrinsic Motivation and Achievement
Optimism: A Factor of Intrinsic Motivation and Achievement *Anju Tripathi *Dr. K.R.Chaturvedi *Assistant Professor, JSSATE, Noida, India, halloanju@gmail.com, anjuonweb@rediffmail.com ** Professor, KIET,
More informationSubjective Well-being and Religiosity: A study of Optimists and Pessimists
The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 2, Issue 3, Paper ID: B00312V2I32015 http://www.ijip.in April to June 2015 ABSTRACT: Subjective Well-being and
More informationSikha Naik Mark Vosvick, Ph.D, Chwee-Lye Chng, Ph.D, and John Ridings, A.A. Center for Psychosocial Health
Sikha Naik Mark Vosvick, Ph.D, Chwee-Lye Chng, Ph.D, and John Ridings, A.A. Subhrasikha Naik Senior Study and research chronic diseases Participate in gathering data for Project Cope, which is focused
More informationA General Framework for Personality Psychology
A General Framework for Personality Psychology Life Events and Broad Social Contexts Parents, peers, teachers, School board, SES, Culture (via conditions) Biology Brain Anatomy, Biochemicals, Genes Latent/Enduring
More informationHuman Motivation and Emotion
Human Motivation and Emotion 46-332-01 Dr. Fuschia Sirois Lecture 12 Oct. 19, 2006 Lecture 13 Oct. 24, 2006 Personal Control Expectancies about Can I do it? Will it work? If both are high then behaviour
More informationInvestigation of the Psychological Capital of Security Employees by Nationality and Status
Investigation of the Psychological Capital of Security Employees by Nationality and Status PhD Cand. Abdülkadir AVCI Suleyman Demirel University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Prof. Dr.
More informationInternational Journal of Arts & Education Research
International Journal of Arts & Education Research A STUDY OF SELF-REGULATION IN RELATION TO HAPPINESS AMONG SIGHTED AND VISUALLY IMPAIRED SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS Baljeet Kaur* 1, Prof. Sushil Kumar
More informationExamining of adaptability of academic optimism scale into Turkish language
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 47 ( 2012 ) 566 571 CY-ICER2012 Examining of adaptability of academic optimism scale into Turkish language Gulizar Yildiz
More informationModerators of the Relationship between. Cognitive Bias and Depressive Symptoms. A Senior Honors Thesis
Moderators of the Relationship between Cognitive Bias and Depressive Symptoms A Senior Honors Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation with Distinction in Psychology in
More informationPSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXECUTIVES OF GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS OF JAMMU CITY
GJBM ISSN: 0973-8533 Vol. 2 No. 1, June 2008 Psychological Well-Being: A Comparative Study of Executives of Government... PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXECUTIVES OF GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE
More informationPSY402 Theories of Learning. Chapter 11 Cognitive Control of Behavior (Cont.)
PSY402 Theories of Learning Chapter 11 Cognitive Control of Behavior (Cont.) Learned Helplessness Learned Helplessness Theory Seligman depression is learned. Depression occurs when people believe: Failures
More informationUnderstanding Optimism. Caimei Liu
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions
More informationPsychological Experience of Attitudinal Ambivalence as a Function of Manipulated Source of Conflict and Individual Difference in Self-Construal
Seoul Journal of Business Volume 11, Number 1 (June 2005) Psychological Experience of Attitudinal Ambivalence as a Function of Manipulated Source of Conflict and Individual Difference in Self-Construal
More informationOptimism and Attributional Style
Optimism and Attributional Style Numerous studies have been conducted on optimism and pessimism. This research has identified two different types of optimism/pessimism; one is a general disposition (e.g.
More informationManagement Science Letters
Management Science Letters 2 (2012) 2071 2076 Contents lists available at GrowingScience Management Science Letters homepage: www.growingscience.com/msl A comparative study on emotional intelligence and
More informationStudent attributions and performance: problems with unfounded optimism?
Research in Higher Education Journal Abstract Student attributions and performance: problems with unfounded optimism? Shaun A Saunders Consulting Psychologist, Australia John Nolan University of Newcastle,
More informationEMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE COLLEGE AMONG TEACHERS IN COIMBATORE
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE COLLEGE AMONG TEACHERS IN COIMBATORE P. Sripal 1 and Dr. T. Paramasivan 2 1 Research Scholar, Department of Business Administration, Mannargudi Rajagopalaswamy Arts and Science College,
More informationFactors Influencing Undergraduate Students Motivation to Study Science
Factors Influencing Undergraduate Students Motivation to Study Science Ghali Hassan Faculty of Education, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Abstract The purpose of this exploratory study was
More informationA Discussion of the Incongruence Between Optimism and Academic Performance and Its Influence on School Violence
A Discussion of the Incongruence Between Optimism and Academic Performance and Its Influence on School Violence Detris Honora Anthony Rolle ABSTRACT. This research suggests that incongruence between how
More informationA study of association between demographic factor income and emotional intelligence
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. V, Issue 1/ April 2017 ISSN 2286-4822 www.euacademic.org Impact Factor: 3.4546 (UIF) DRJI Value: 5.9 (B+) A study of association between demographic factor income and emotional
More informationPersonality Traits Effects on Job Satisfaction: The Role of Goal Commitment
Marshall University Marshall Digital Scholar Management Faculty Research Management, Marketing and MIS Fall 11-14-2009 Personality Traits Effects on Job Satisfaction: The Role of Goal Commitment Wai Kwan
More informationHardiness and optimism as moderators of cognitive emotion regulation. strategies in coping negative life events by adolescents.
Hardiness and optimism as moderators of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in coping negative life events by adolescents. 1 Hardiness and optimism as moderators of cognitive emotion regulation strategies
More informationOptimism in child development: Conceptual issues and methodological approaches. Edwina M. Farrall
Optimism in child development: Conceptual issues and methodological approaches. Edwina M. Farrall School of Psychology University of Adelaide South Australia October, 2007 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT
More informationTeacher satisfaction: some practical implications for teacher professional development models
Teacher satisfaction: some practical implications for teacher professional development models Graça Maria dos Santos Seco Lecturer in the Institute of Education, Leiria Polytechnic, Portugal. Email: gracaseco@netvisao.pt;
More informationMEASUREMENT, SCALING AND SAMPLING. Variables
MEASUREMENT, SCALING AND SAMPLING Variables Variables can be explained in different ways: Variable simply denotes a characteristic, item, or the dimensions of the concept that increases or decreases over
More informationEXPLANATORY STYLE, EGO-ORIENTATION, AND PRIMARY SCHOOL MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT. Gregory C. R. Yates University of South Australia
EXPLANATORY STYLE, EGO-ORIENTATION, AND PRIMARY SCHOOL MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT Gregory C. R. Yates University of South Australia Shirley M. Yates Flinders University of South Australia R. Mark Lippett
More informationProcedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 180 ( 2015 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 180 ( 2015 ) 332 337 The 6th International Conference Edu World 2014 Education Facing Contemporary World
More informationCambridge Public Schools SEL Benchmarks K-12
Cambridge Public Schools SEL Benchmarks K-12 OVERVIEW SEL Competencies Goal I: Develop selfawareness Goal II: Develop and Goal III: Develop social Goal IV: Demonstrate Goal V: Demonstrate skills to demonstrate
More informationStudy the Rate of Practice of Religious Beliefs and Duties in Undergraduate Students of Hormozgan University
2011, Science-Line Publication www.science-line.com ISSN: 2322-4770 Journal of Educational and Management Studies J. Educ. Manage. Stud., 3(2): 147-151, 2013 JEMS Study the Rate of Practice of Religious
More informationComparison of the emotional intelligence of the university students of the Punjab province
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 2 (2010) 847 853 WCES-2010 Comparison of the emotional intelligence of the university students of the Punjab province Aijaz
More informationBouncing back from setbacks
Bouncing back from setbacks The development of human resiliency is none other than the process of healthy human development. (Benard, B. 2004, Resiliency: What we have learned. p. 9) What began as a quest
More informationPersonality and Individual Differences
Personality and Individual Differences 45 (2008) 655 660 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Personality and Individual Differences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/paid Beliefs around luck:
More informationBuilding Optimism and Resilience While Maintaining One s Cool
Building Optimism and Resilience While Maintaining One s Cool Kerry S. Sauley, Ph.D. Rucks Department of Management 9/20/2013 LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY 1 Two Stress Triggers at Work FAILURE Building Optimism
More informationA Psycholinguistics Case Study: The Relations of Learned Helplessness, Locus of Control, and Attitudes towards English with Academic Success
A Psycholinguistics Case Study: The Relations of Learned Helplessness, Locus of Control, and Attitudes towards English with Academic Success Hakan Aydoğan Mugla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Abstract: Learned
More informationFuture-Mindedness Glossary
Future-Mindedness Glossary At-Risk Population: segments of students/youth who are less likely to transition successfully into adulthood and achieve economic self-sufficiency, with characteristics that
More informationChildhood Healthcare Experience, Healthcare Attitudes, and Optimism as Predictors of Adolescents Healthcare Behavior
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Psychology Faculty Publications Department of Psychology 2008 Childhood Healthcare Experience, Healthcare Attitudes, and Optimism as Predictors
More informationFAMILY RESILIENCY, UNCERTAINTY, OPTIMISM, AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF INDIVIDUALS WITH HIV/AIDS
1 FAMILY RESILIENCY, UNCERTAINTY, OPTIMISM, AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF INDIVIDUALS WITH HIV/AIDS Michael Patrick Frain, PhD. Under the supervision of Professor Norman L. Berven At the University of Wisconsin-Madison
More informationTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OPTIMISM, SELF-ACTUALIZATION, RELIGIOUS ORIENTATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING ON ACTIVE AND NON ACTIVE OLDERS
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OPTIMISM, SELF-ACTUALIZATION, RELIGIOUS ORIENTATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING ON ACTIVE AND NON ACTIVE OLDERS Jalal Shafaei 1, Somaye Saadati 2, Pouran Sabetkhah 3 and *Adel
More informationSex Differences in Depression in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
171 Sex Differences in Depression in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Andrae J. Laws, McNair Scholar, Penn State University Faculty Research Advisor Dr. Peter A. Arnett, Associate Professor of Psychology
More informationPersonal Growth Interpretation of Goal Attainment as a New Construct Relevant to Well-being
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 185 ( 2015 ) 244 249 3rd World Conference on Psychology and Sociology, WCPS- 2014 Personal Growth Interpretation
More informationType of Education, Locus of Control and Optimistic - Pessimistic. Attitude among Undergraduate College Students
The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 2, Issue 4, DIP: B00352V2I42015 http://www.ijip.in July September, 2015 Type of Education, Locus of Control
More informationInteraction Effects: Centering, Variance Inflation Factor, and Interpretation Issues
Robinson & Schumacker Interaction Effects: Centering, Variance Inflation Factor, and Interpretation Issues Cecil Robinson Randall E. Schumacker University of Alabama Research hypotheses that include interaction
More informationDevelopment of a measure of self-regulated practice behavior in skilled performers
International Symposium on Performance Science ISBN 978-2-9601378-0-4 The Author 2013, Published by the AEC All rights reserved Development of a measure of self-regulated practice behavior in skilled performers
More informationRunning Head: COGNITIVE VULNERABILITY AND ATTACHMENT. Cognitive Vulnerability and Attachment. Nathan L. Williams University of Arkansas
Running Head: COGNITIVE VULNERABILITY AND ATTACHMENT Cognitive Vulnerability and Attachment Nathan L. Williams University of Arkansas & John H. Riskind George Mason University Williams, N. L. & Riskind,
More informationCOMPARATIVE STUDY OF JOB SATISFACTION OF PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE AND ACADEMIC COLLEGE TEACHERS OF SANT GADGE BABA AMRAVATI UNIVERSITY
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF JOB SATISFACTION OF PROFESSIONAL COLLEGE AND ACADEMIC COLLEGE TEACHERS OF SANT GADGE BABA AMRAVATI UNIVERSITY Junghare Gaurav Prabhakarrao* *Scholar, S.G.B., Amravati University, Amravati
More informationThinking Like a Researcher
3-1 Thinking Like a Researcher 3-3 Learning Objectives Understand... The terminology used by professional researchers employing scientific thinking. What you need to formulate a solid research hypothesis.
More informationCHAPTER 3 METHOD AND PROCEDURE
CHAPTER 3 METHOD AND PROCEDURE Previous chapter namely Review of the Literature was concerned with the review of the research studies conducted in the field of teacher education, with special reference
More informationEMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE QUESTIONNAIRE
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE QUESTIONNAIRE Personal Report JOHN SMITH 2017 MySkillsProfile. All rights reserved. Introduction The EIQ16 measures aspects of your emotional intelligence by asking you questions
More informationSelf-Esteem Mediates Relationships between Self-Concept Clarity and Perceptions of the Future
doi: 10.15503/jecs20181.99.108 Journal of Education Culture and Society No. 1_2018 99 Self-Esteem Mediates Relationships between Self-Concept Clarity and Perceptions of the Future Adrian Morawiak SWPS
More informationThe Spirited, the Observant, and the Disheartened: Social Concepts of Optimism, Realism, and Pessimism
The Spirited, the Observant, and the Disheartened: Social Concepts of Optimism, Realism, and Pessimism Hannelore Weber, 1 Manja Vollmann, 1 and Britta Renner 2 1 University of Greifswald, Germany 2 International
More informationNEARLY 12 MILLION COSmetic
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Predictors of Satisfaction With Facial Plastic Surgery Results of a Prospective Study Jill L. Hessler, MD; Cheryl A. Moyer, MPH; Jennifer C. Kim, MD; Shan R. Baker, MD; Jeffrey S. Moyer,
More informationTEACHER VALUE BEHAVIOUR AND TEACHER STRESS AMONG DEGREE COLLEGE LECTURERS IN VIZIANAGARAM DISTRICT
TEACHER VALUE BEHAVIOUR AND TEACHER STRESS AMONG DEGREE COLLEGE LECTURERS IN VIZIANAGARAM DISTRICT Smt. Ch. SITA RATNAM Head, Department of Zoology, M.R. College for Women, Vizianagaram ABSTRACT The aim
More informationA Study on Emotional Intelligence among Teachers with Special reference to Erode District
A Study on Emotional Intelligence among Teachers with Special reference to Erode District ABSTRACT M.Dhilsathbegam Research Scholar, Department of Managment, Hindusthan College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore.
More informationIssues in Information Systems
ANALYZING THE ROLE OF SOME PERSONAL DETERMINANTS IN WEB 2.0 APPLICATIONS USAGE Adel M. Aladwani, Kuwait University, adel.aladwani@ku.edu.kw ABSTRACT This study examines the personal determinants of Web
More informationNeff, K. D., & Lamb, L. M. (2009). Self-Compassion. In S. Lopez (Ed.), The. Encyclopedia of Positive Psychology (pp ). Blackwell Publishing.
Neff, K. D., & Lamb, L. M. (2009). Self-Compassion. In S. Lopez (Ed.), The Encyclopedia of Positive Psychology (pp. 864-867). Blackwell Publishing. Self-Compassion Self-compassion is an open-hearted way
More informationPsychological Well-being and Job Satisfaction of government and private aided Higher Secondary School Teachers
Psychological Well-being and Job Satisfaction of government and private aided Higher Secondary School Teachers Researcher Dr. Hanifbhai G. Nandoliya Assistant Professor H.O.D, Department of Psychology
More informationWhat are Indexes and Scales
ISSUES Exam results are on the web No student handbook, will have discussion questions soon Next exam will be easier but want everyone to study hard Biggest problem was question on Research Design Next
More informationSocial Identity and gender. Counseling needs in adults
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 33 (2012) 776 780 PSIWORLD 2011 Social Identity and gender. Counseling needs in adults Cristian Vasile a* a Petroleum Gas University of Ploiesti, 39 Bucuresti
More informationPerceived Likelihood as a Measure of Optimism and Pessimism: Support for the Future Events Scale
Psychological Assessment Copyright 2006 by the American Psychological Association 2006, Vol. 18, No. 2, 215 219 1040-3590/06/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/1040-3590.18.2.215 Perceived Likelihood as a Measure of
More informationThe relationship between perceived stress and coping styles with psychological well-being in cardiac patients
Available online at www.ijmrhs.com ISSN No: 39-5886 International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences, 06, 5, :707-7 The relationship between perceived stress and coping styles with psychological
More informationCausal Attribution Beliefs of Success and Failure: A Perspective from Pakistan
Bulletin of Education and Research December 2017, Vol. 39, No. 3 pp. 105-115 Causal Attribution Beliefs of Success and Failure: A Perspective from Pakistan Muhammad Faisal Farid * and Mumtaz Akhter **
More informationSupporting Your Students Wellbeing. Dr. Diana Brecher, C. Psych. Natalie Roach, MEd
Supporting Your Students Wellbeing Dr. Diana Brecher, C. Psych. Natalie Roach, MEd Flexibility in Teaching Practices Enhancing resilience & mental health Universal Design for Learning Increased Inclusivity
More informationAU TQF 2 Doctoral Degree. Course Description
Course Description 1. Foundation Courses CP 5000 General Psychology Non-credit Basic psychological concepts and to introduce students to the scientific study of behavior. Learning and Behavior, Altered
More informationEmotional regulation the thinking-feeling link
session 6 Emotional regulation the thinking-feeling link Background This session aims to introduce the idea that emotions are not a direct consequence of events, but reflect the way people think about
More informationState or trait: effects of state optimism on job-related outcomes
Journal of Organizational Behavior J. Organiz. Behav. 30, 209 231 (2009) Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).591 State or trait: effects of state optimism on job-related
More informationAN EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ACADEMIC STRESS, COPING, MOTIVATION, AND PERFORMANCE IN COLLEGE
Research in Higher Education, Vol. 41, No. 5, 2000 AN EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ACADEMIC STRESS, COPING, MOTIVATION, AND PERFORMANCE IN COLLEGE C. Ward Struthers, Raymond P. Perry, and Verena
More informationAuthor's personal copy
Personality and Individual Differences 47 (2009) 116 121 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Personality and Individual Differences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/paid The moderating effect
More informationContents. Chapter. A Closer Look at You. Section 17.1 Your Personality Section 17.2 Develop a Positive Attitude. Chapter 17 A Closer Look at You
Chapter 17 A Closer Look at You Chapter 17 A Closer Look at You Contents Section 17.1 Your Personality Section 17.2 Develop a Positive Attitude 1 Section 17.1 Your Personality Personality develops from
More informationWell-Being of Secondary School Teachers In Relation To Their Organisational Climate
International Multidisciplinary International e-journal Multidisciplinary e Journal/ Dr. Gagandeep ISSN Kaur 2277-4262 Well-Being of Secondary School Teachers In Relation To Their Organisational Climate
More informationPerceived Stress Factors and Academic Performance of the Sophomore IT Students of QSU Cabarroguis Campus
Perceived Stress Factors and Academic Performance of the Sophomore IT Students of QSU Cabarroguis Campus Lauro S. Aspiras, and Emma D. Aspiras Abstract----This paper deals with the perceived stress factors
More informationDemographic Factors in Multiple Intelligence of Pre-Service Physical Science Teachers
The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 6, Issue 4, DIP: 18.01.054/20180604 DOI: 10.25215/0604.054 http://www.ijip.in October-December, 2018 Research
More informationThe effects of academic stress and optimism on subjective well-being among first-year undergraduates
Diversity in Unity: Perspectives from Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Ariyanto et al. (Eds) 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-62665-2 The effects of academic stress and optimism on
More informationVALUES AND ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDE AS PREDICTORS OF NASCENT ENTREPRENEUR INTENTIONS
VALUES AND ENTREPRENEURIAL ATTITUDE AS PREDICTORS OF NASCENT ENTREPRENEUR INTENTIONS Noel J. Lindsay 1, Anton Jordaan, and Wendy A. Lindsay Centre for the Development of Entrepreneurs University of South
More informationCURRENT RESEARCH IN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
CURRENT RESEARCH IN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Volume 3, Number 8 Submitted: October 8, 1998 Resubmitted: December 9, 1998 Accepted: December 9, 1998 Publication date: December 17, 1998 DAILY EVENTS AND PHYSICAL
More informationABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE JUDGMENTS IN RELATION TO STRENGTH OF BELIEF IN GOOD LUCK
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PERSONALITY, 2014, 42(7), 1105-1116 Society for Personality Research http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2014.42.7.1105 ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE JUDGMENTS IN RELATION TO STRENGTH OF BELIEF IN
More information// : // :... t.. Email: m_raghibi@yahoo.com ..... :...( ) ).( ) ( (). 1 - LeMarquand & Tremblay 2 -Salovey & Mayer .... - ).( ) ( ). ( ( ) ) ).( ( - ) 1 -Bar-On 2 - Ciarrochi, Scott, Dean & Heaven 3 -Austin,
More informationMethodological Behaviorists. Cognitive-Behavioral Theories REBT. Albert Ellis. The A-B-C Theory of Personality. The Process of Self-Defeat
Methodological Behaviorists Cognitive-Behavioral Theories Chapter 16 Assume that all learning arises through classical and instrumental conditioning Unlike strict behaviorists, thoughts are phenomena that
More informationThe measurement of optimism and hope in relation to college student retention and academic success
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations 2002 The measurement of optimism and hope in relation to college student retention and academic success Patrick John Barlow Iowa State University Follow this and
More informationJournal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology An Online Optimism Intervention Reduces Depression in Pessimistic Individuals Susan Sergeant and Myriam Mongrain Online First Publication, January 13, 2014.
More informationChapter 15 PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS
Chapter 15 PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS Section 1: What Are Psychological Tests? Section 2: Measuring Achievement, Abilities, and Interests Section 3: Personality Tests Section 4: Taking Tests 1 Section 1: What
More informationTTI Personal Talent Skills Inventory Coaching Report
TTI Personal Talent Skills Inventory Coaching Report "He who knows others is learned. He who knows himself is wise." Lao Tse Mason Roberts District Manager YMCA 8-1-2008 Copyright 2003-2008. Performance
More informationPersonal Talent Skills Inventory
Personal Talent Skills Inventory Sales Version Inside Sales Sample Co. 5-30-2013 Introduction Research suggests that the most effective people are those who understand themselves, both their strengths
More informationSurvey Research. We can learn a lot simply by asking people what we want to know... THE PREVALENCE OF SURVEYS IN COMMUNICATION RESEARCH
Survey Research From surveys we can learn how large groups of people think and act. To trust generalizations made on the basis of surveys, however, the sample must be representative, the response rate
More informationComparison of the Effectiveness of Training Metacognitive Skills and
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Received 18 March. 2015 Accepted 24 September. 2015 Vol. 4, Issue 4, 224-231, 2015 Academic Journal of Psychological Studies ISSN: 2333-0821 ajps.worldofresearches.com Comparison of the
More informationAre dimensions of psycho-social well-being different among Latvian and Romanian University students?
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 33 (202) 855 859 PSIWORLD 20 Are dimensions of psycho-social different among and University students? Santa Vorone a,
More informationRevisiting the relationship between attributional style and academic performance
Journal of Applied Social Psychology 2016, 46, pp. 192 200 Revisiting the relationship between attributional style and academic performance Diane M. Houston Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School
More informationProblem Solved! with Arthur M. Nezu and Christine Maguth Nezu. How can one truly represent the problem-solving therapy (PST) approach in its
Problem Solved! A review of the video Problem-Solving Therapy with Arthur M. Nezu and Christine Maguth Nezu Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2009. American Psychological Association
More informationA STUDY ON IMPACT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN TECHNICAL INSTITUTES OF DURG AND BHILAI
Management A STUDY ON IMPACT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN TECHNICAL INSTITUTES OF DURG AND BHILAI Shivangi Jaiswal *1, Pankaj Joge 2 *1 Student, PG Department of Commerce, St Thomas
More informationThe Art of Social Problem-solving: A Creative Approach Barbara Parker-Bell, Psy.D, ATR-BC, LPC
1 The Art of Social Problem-solving: A Creative Approach Barbara Parker-Bell, Psy.D, ATR-BC, LPC This author proposes that art therapy techniques can enhance Problem-Solving Training (PST). Using art media
More informationThe Relationship between Identity Styles and Psychological Wellbeing in Sample of College Students
The Relationship between Identity Styles and Psychological Wellbeing in Sample of College Students Doi:10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n3s3p207 Abstract Mohammad Ali Sepahvandi (PhD) Assistance professor of psychology,
More information