The Study of Life. Before You Read. Science Journal

Transcription

1 The Study of Life Before You Read Use the What I Know column to list the things you know about biology. Then list the questions you have about biology in the What I Want to Find Out column. K W L What I Know What I Want to Find Out What I Learned Science Journal Animals, plants, and even bacteria and viruses are considered living things. But what do we mean when we say that an organism is a living thing? In the space below, describe two characteristics that are common to all living things. The Study of Life 1

2 The Study of Life Section 1.1 Introduction to Biology Skim Section 1 of the chapter. Write three questions that come to mind from reading the headings and illustration captions Review environment Use your book or dictionary to define environment. New adaptation biology development growth homeostasis organism organization reproduction response species stimulus Use your book or dictionary to help you write the correct vocabulary term in each blank. is the science of life. A(n) anything that has all the characteristics of life. All living things are arranged in an orderly way. In other words, living things have of mass is called changes, called offspring, or breeding organisms, or. Most living things begin as one cell. The addition thing also has the ability to react to a(n). Over an organism s life, natural is, take place. The production of, must occur to enable the group of, to continue to exist. A living internal or external environment. The reaction is called a from its. An organism must be able to maintain its internal conditions. If anything upsets its normal state, processes to restore begin. Any inherited characteristic, or, developed in a species over time can enhance the species ability to survive and produce offspring in its environment. 2 The Study of Life

3 Section 1.1 Introduction to Biology (continued) The Science of Life Identify four kinds of information you will learn about living things when you study biology. The Study of Biology What Do Biologists Do? Model one specific question that a biologist might seek to answer for each of the following areas of study. Area of Study Diversity of life Diseases New technologies Agriculture Environment Question Analyze the specific type of work in biology that you might like to do, and explain why. Type of work: Reason: The Study of Life 3

4 Section 1.1 Introduction to Biology (continued) The Characteristics of Life Identify the eight characteristics that something must have to be alive. Characteristics of Living Things Sequence the levels of organization listed below in the correct order from least complex to most complex. organ cell tissue atoms and molecules organ system less complex more complex CONNECT A friend argues that a car is alive because its parts form organized systems and it requires energy (gasoline and battery power). How would you respond to your friend? 4 The Study of Life

5 The Study of Life Section 1.2 The Nature of Science Scan the titles, boldfaced words, pictures, figures, and captions in Section 2. Write two facts you discovered about the nature of science as you scanned the section. 1. Review investigation New ethics 2. Use your book or dictionary to define investigation. Use your book or dictionary to define each term. forensics metric system peer review science SI theory Academic unbiased Define unbiased to show its scientific meaning. The Study of Life 5

6 Section 1.2 The Nature of Science (continued) What is science? Classify each statement as a characteristic of a science, a pseudoscience, or both. makes unbiased observations often driven by cultural or commercial goals makes claims about the natural world physics astrology involves constant reevaluation of what is known research designed to justify existing knowledge discards observations that are not consistent with beliefs bases claims on a large amount of data uses peer review Science Both Pseudoscience Analyze what is required for a proposed explanation to become accepted as a theory. Identify what each SI unit listed below is used to measure. gram: second: meter: liter: 6 The Study of Life

7 Section 1.2 The Nature of Science (continued) Science in Everyday Life Identify an environmental issue, and explain why you think it is an important topic for scientific study. Issue: Importance: Analyze an ethical issue. Choose one issue involving ethics mentioned in the text. Write a statement summarizing each side of the issue, both for and against. Issue: For: Against: Explain why it is important for you to become science literate. SUMM ARIZE Identify clues you would look for to judge whether a claim is based on science or pseudoscience. The Study of Life 7

8 The Study of Life Section 1.3 Methods of Science Skim Section 3 of the chapter. Write two questions that come to mind from reading the headings and illustration captions Review theory Use your book or dictionary to define theory. New Write the correct vocabulary term in the left column for each definition below. information gained from observations group in an experiment that is exposed to the factor being tested direct method of gathering information in an orderly way group in an experiment that is not exposed to the factor being tested and is used for comparison organized series of events in scientific inquiry factor in an experiment that results from or depends on changes to the independent variable logo that alerts you about a specific danger during lab activities factor that remains fixed during an experiment while the independent and dependent variables change tested factor in an experiment that might affect the outcome testable explanation of a situation investigation done in a controlled setting that tests a hypothesis logical conclusion based on gathered information occurrence of accidental or unexpected, but fortunate, results 8 The Study of Life

9 Section 1.3 Methods of Science (continued) Ask a Question Sequence the basic steps in scientific methods by completing the flowchart. Form a Hypothesis Collect the Data Analyze the relationship between a hypothesis and a theory. Identify the parts of the experiment described in the table below. Experiment: A biologist gives a new kind of food to a group of dogs and compares the weight gain of these dogs over time to a group of similar dogs that do not receive the new food. Experimental group: Control group: Independent variable: Dependent variable: The Study of Life 9

10 Section 1.3 Methods of Science (continued) Analyze the Data Model a line graph from the data in the table below. Plot the points, and draw a line connecting the points. Grizzly Bears in Park X Year Quantity Quantity Year Report Conclusions Summarize what the above graph shows about grizzly bears in Park X. Student Scientific Inquiry Analyze why it is important for biologists to report their results in scientific journals. State what you will do when you see a safety symbol in a lab activity. CONNECT Analyze an experiment in which one group of plants receives extra fertilizer and another group receives extra water. Is the experiment controlled or uncontrolled? Support your answer. 10 The Study of Life