Psychology AP Mid-Term Review Packet

Transcription

1 Psychology AP Mid-Term Review Packet How you choose to complete this packet is up to you. I would suggest including more than just a basic definition. Chapter One Psychology Trained Introspection Functionalism Biological perspective Learning approach Psychologist Psychiatrist Hypothesis 1

2 Theory Replicate Case study Observational study Naturalistic observation Laboratory observation Norms Reliability Validity Survey 2

3 Representative sample Volunteer bias Correlational study Correlation Variable Positive correlation Negative correlation Independent variable Dependent variable Experiment 3

4 Experimental group Control group Random assignment Placebo Single-blind study Double-blind study Cross-sectional study Longitudinal study Chapter Two Central nervous system Spinal cord 4

5 Peripheral nervous system Sensory nerves Motor nerves Somatic nervous system Autonomic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system Parasympathetic nervous system Neuron Dendrite Axon 5

6 Myelin sheath Nerve Synapse Neurotransmitter Receptor sites Endorphins Hormones EEG PET MRI 6

7 Brain stem Medulla Pons Cerebellum Thalamus Hypothalamus Limbic system Amygdala Hippocampus Cerebrum 7

8 Cerebral hemispheres Corpus callosum Lateralization Cerebral cortex Occipital lobes Parietal lobes Temporal lobes Frontal lobes Chapter Three Sensation Perception 8

9 Absolute threshold Just noticeable difference Sensory adaptation Selective attention Retina Rods Cones Dark adaptation Optic nerve Figure/ground 9

10 Gestalt principles Binocular cues Convergence Retinal disparity Perceptual constancy Perceptual illusion Cochlea Basilar membrane Gustation Taste buds 10

11 Olfaction Gate-control theory Phantom pain Kinethesis Equilibrium Chapter Four Waking consciousness Daydream Circadian rhythm Biological clock Sleep cycle 11

12 Insomnia Narcolepsy Apnea Depressants Stimulants Hallucinogens Meditation Hypnosis Chapter Five Learning Behaviorism 12

13 Conditioning Unconditioned stimulus Conditioned stimulus Unconditioned response Conditioned response Classical conditioning Extinction Spontaneous recovery Stimulus generalization Stimulus discrimination 13

14 Phobia Operant conditioning Reinforcement Punishment John Watson B.F. Skinner Pavlov Shaping Successive approximations Behavior modification 14

15 Social-cognitive learning theory Observational learning Latent learning Chapter Six Short-term memory Long-term memory Chunking Rote rehearsal Serial position effect Elaborative rehearsal Episodic memories 15

16 Semantic memories Procedural memories Emotional memories Explicit memories Implicit memories Decay theory Retrograde amnesia Retroactive interference Proactive interference Mnemonics 16

17 Chapter Seven Cognition Language Phonemes Morphemes Semantics Syntax Surface Structure Deep Structure Divergent Thinking Convergent Thinking 17

18 Algorithm Heuristics Hill Climbing Subgoals Functional Fixedness Compensatory Model Availabilty (Heuristic) Confirmation Bias Framing Hindsight Bias 18

19 Counterfactual Thinking Triarchic Theory of Intelligence Theory of Multiple Interlligences Emotional Intelligence Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale WAIS-III WISC-III Chapter Eleven Personality Trait Gordon Allport 19

20 Raymond Cattell Big Five Traits Temperament Biological perspective Self-fulfilling prophecy Locus of control Individualist culture Collectivist culture Sigmund Freud Psychodynamic theory 20

21 Psychoanalysis Free association Id Ego Superego Defense mechanisms Repression Projection Displacement Reaction formation 21

22 Regression Denial Psychosexual stages Oral Anal Phallic Latency Genital Oedipus complex Karen Horney Carl Jung Collective unconscious 22

23 Archetypes Humanism Abraham Maslow Peak experiences Self-actualization Carl Rogers Unconditional positive regard 23