CHAPTER-III METHODOLOGY

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "CHAPTER-III METHODOLOGY"

Transcription

1 Methodology 89 CHAPTER-III METHODOLOGY Introduction: The present chapter has been devoted to methodology and design, which was followed by the investigation for the completion of this research work. There is tremendous expansion of human knowledge. This knowledge need to be organized, understood and analyzed for getting clarified the situation. For this purpose, appropriate methods are adopted for acquiring the existing knowledge. J.W. Best (1970) stated that research is considered to be the more formal, systematic, intensive process of carrying on scientific method of analysis. It involves a more systematic structure of investigation usually resulting in some sort of formal record of procedures and a report of results or conclusions. It is concerned with conditions or relationships that exist, opinions that are held, processes that are going on, effects that are evident, or trends that are developing. It is primarily concerned with the present, although it often considers past events and influences as they relate to current conditions. It always dealt with relationships between variables, the testing of hypotheses and the development of generalizations, principles, or theories that have universal validity. It is concerned with functional relationships. Moreover the selection of method of research depends upon the nature of the problem in hand. Research methodology is the procedure, which is designed and adopted in solving a research problem. According to Lokesh Koul, Methodology of educational research describes the various steps of the plan of attack to be adopted in solving a research problem.

2 Methodology 90 Educational research is the application of scientific method of study of educational problems. According to Mouly (1963), Scientific problem can be solved only on the basis of data and the major responsibility of the scientist is to set up a research design capable of providing the data necessary to the solution of a problem. A careful selection of a method is an essential prerequisite for an investigation. The machinery of methodology, according to Barr (1960), occupied a very important position in any kind of research. The research cannot perform its functions without it, since it is methodology which lays out the way that formal research is to be carried out and outlines the detailed description of the research procedure. C.R.Meclure and P.Herson (1991), refer that research is an inquiry process that has clearly defined parameters and has as its aim the discovery or creation of knowledge, or theory building, testing, confirmation, revision, refutation of knowledge and theory or investigation of a problem for local decision making. Karlinger (1978), put the views that scientific research is a systematic, controlled, empirical, critical investigation of hypothetical propositions about the presumed relations among natural phenomena. From the views of the above scholars, it is derived that educational research is an inquiry or investigation, which has clearly defined parameters. It is a system of critical, controlled and empirical inquiry. There are three approaches of research, which the researchers are to follow in the field of education i.e. Qualitative, Quantitative and Action Research. This study aims at discovering the facts based on the empirically gathered primary data. The overall methods of the present study were essentially descriptive cum

3 Methodology 91 normative survey type as the researcher investigated the Self-Esteem, Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievement of secondary school students of Assam Population and Sample: In order to select a sample from a given population, it is also necessary to have a complete, accurate and up to date list of all the units in the population. The entire group from which the sample has been taken is known as the population. In other words, a population is usually defined as all the members of any well-defined class of people, events or objects. Defining a population means finding the limits in terms of one or more of its various aspects. It is impossible and impracticable to obtain information from a large population in a district or a state. It would be too laborious for a researcher to contact, observe, measure and interview every unit of population. To overcome these difficulties, investigators collect information from a few carefully selected units drawn from a population. If these sample units represent accurately the characteristics of the population, generalizations based on the data obtained from them may be applied to the entire group. The process of selecting the true representative proportion of the population is termed as sample. The population of the present study consisted of all the XIth standard students enrolled in the session ( ) from the Higher Secondary schools and Junior colleges of the selected two districts, namely; Lakhimpur and Dhemaji Districts of Assam.

4 Methodology 92 Table 3.1 District-wise Distribution of Higher Secondary schools and Junior Colleges in Study Area. Sl. Name of Districts No. of Higher No. of Junior No secondary schools colleges Total 1. Lakhimpur Dhemaji Total= Source: Office of the Inspector of Schools, Lakhimpur and Dhemaji district (RMSA branch) Assam ( ). Table 3.1 reveals the total number of Higher Secondary Schools and Junior Colleges available in the two districts. On the basis of the total higher secondary schools and Junior colleges, the researcher selected a sample of twenty-five (25) higher secondary schools and junior colleges from the two districts by adopting random sampling technique. Care was taken to give representation of two districts covered in the present study. The sample consisted of 500 secondary school students drawn from the sample of Junior Colleges and senior secondary schools. Further the classification of 500 secondary school students was made in view of sex, location of schools and colleges or residence and districts. Out of the total sample of 500 students, there are 246 are males and 254 are females; out of them 235 students are from urban secondary schools and junior colleges and 265 from rural secondary schools and junior colleges from the two districts.

5 Methodology 93 Distribution of the Total Sample of 500 Secondary School students of Assam: Urban= 235 Rural=265 Male=110 Female=125 Male=136 Female=129 Tribal=80 Non-tribal=155 Tribal=117 Non-tribal=148 Out of the total sample of 500 students, there are 235 (Male=110 and Female=125; Tribal=80 and Non-tribal=155) students from Urban schools and 265 (Male=136 and Female=129; Tribal=117 and Non-tribal=148) students from Rural schools from the two selected districts. Distribution of the sample of 300 secondary school students from Lakhimpur district: Urban= 141 Rural=159 Male=70 Female=71 Male=89 Female=70 Tribal=35 Non-tribal=106 Tribal=61 Non-tribal=98 Out of the total sample of 300 secondary school students, there are 141 (Male=70 and Female=71; Tribal=35 and Non-tribal=106) students from Urban schools and 159 (Male=89 and Female=70; Tribal=61 and Non-tribal=98) students from Rural schools from Lakhimpur district.

6 Methodology 94 Distribution of the sample of 200 secondary school students from Dhemaji district Urban= 94 Rural=106 Male=40 Female=54 Male=47 Female=59 Tribal=45 Non-tribal=49 Tribal=56 Non-tribal=50 Out of the total sample of 200 secondary school students, there are 94 (Male=40 and Female=54; Tribal=45 and Non-tribal=49) students from Urban schools and 106 (Male=47 and Female=59; Tribal=56 and Non-tribal=50) students from Rural schools from Dhemaji district. The district-wise information about the name of the secondary schools and junior colleges and the male and females, tribal and non-tribal and urban and rural sample is presented in table -3.1(A) and 3.1(B)

7 Methodology 95 Table-3.1(A) No. of Higher Secondary Schools and Junior Colleges selected in Lakhimpur district: Dist L A K H I M P U R Category Of Schools U R B A N R U R A L SL. No. Name of the Schools and Junior colleges No. of Students M F T NT 1 N.L. Girls Higher Secondary School 2 B.V.A. Junior College J.A. Junior College Lakhimpur Academy H.S School 5 I.B.M. Academy Junior College 6 Rev William Ward Junior ollege N.L. Govt. Higher Secondary School 8 Dhakuakhana Higher Secondary School Total= Boginadi Higher Secondary School 2 Nakari Higher Secondary School Panigaon Higher Secondary School 4 Angarkhowa Higher Secondary School 5 Azad Higher Secondary school 6 Laluk Higher Secondary school 7 Nowboisa Junior College Total= Grand total= Table: 3.1 shows the sample from Lakhimpur district of Assam. The researcher collected total of 141 students from the total of eight (8) urban based senior secondary

8 Methodology 96 schools and junior colleges in which 70 is male and 71 is female and 35 tribal and 106 are non-tribal. Similarly, the researcher collected total of 159 numbers of students, out of which 89 is male and 70 is female and 61 are tribal and 98 are non-tribal students from the total of seven (7) rural Secondary Schools. The total sample from Lakhimpur district comprised of 300 students, out of which 159 male and 141 female and 96 are tribal and 204 are non-tribal. Table-3.1(B): No. of selected Higher Secondary schools and Junior Colleges of Dhemaji District Dist Category of schools D H E M A J I U R B A N R U R A L Sl.No. Name of secondary schools and Junior Colleges 1 Gogamukh Higher Secondary School 2 Dhemaji Girls Higher Secondary y School 3 Machkhowa Higher Secondary School 4 Dhemaji Higher Secondary School 5 Dhemaji Town Junior College No. of students M F T NT Total= Betbari Junior College Misamari Junior College Madhya Mingmang Junior College. 4. Bengenagarh HS School Tulsibari Adarsha Higher Secondary School. Total= Grand Total= The table 3.2 shows the sample from Dhemaji district of Assam. In Dhemaji district the researcher included 10 schools, from which five (5) are from rural area and

9 Methodology 97 another five (5) are in urban. The total of 40 male and 54 female and 45 tribal and 49 non-tribal (total 94) samples was collected from the urban based schools. And the total of 47 male and 59 female and 56 tribal and 50 non-tribal (total 106) samples was collected from the rural based schools. The total sample from Dhemaji district comprised of 200, out of which 87 are male and 113 are female and 101 tribal and 99 are non-tribal Tools Used in the study: Each study possesses a particular design, which is considered as a blue print of an architect. This design enables the researcher to test the hypotheses by reaching valid conclusions. It is based upon the purposes of the study, the types of variables to be manipulated and the conditions or factor under which it is conducted. The success of the design depends upon the tools, which are used to collect the data and verify the result. The collection of data is an important segment of any research study. The researcher draws the conclusions and generalizations on the basis of the collected data. This conclusions and generalizations will be authentic and valid if the data are collected by making use of reliable and valid tools. Hence keeping in view the main objectives of this study, the researcher used the following tools. (i) Self-Esteem Scale: developed by Dr. R.N. Singh and Dr. Ankita Srivastava in the year (ii) Emotional Intelligence Test: developed by Dr. Ekta Sharma in the year (iii) Academic Achievement: Marks obtained by the students in the HSLC Examination in the year 2014.

10 Methodology Self-Esteem scale: This Self-Esteem Scale is based on the Self-Esteem Scale originally developed by Eagly and revised by Robinson and Shaver (1973). It was developed in Hindi language to provide a good tool to measure self-esteem as there is a general lack of suitable tests to assess the degree of self-esteem in the individuals in our context. Most of the tests actually measures self-concept, not the self-esteem, an important aspect of self-concept. The items of the original scale were translated into Hindi language. The appropriateness, clarity and communication efficiency were evaluated by psychologists and language experts also. In all, ten sets were prepared for evaluation by a team of the experts. They were asked to judge the accuracy of expression and communication flow without any bias. The test consists of 20 items and each item is accompanied by five alternative response categories, namely very much, much, average, low and very low (Singh & Srivastav, 2004). A copy of the scale is given in Appendix-A. Reliability: The Hindi version of self-esteem scale was administered on different groups of respondents in order to determine its reliability. In all, 500 respondent were randomly administered the Hindi version of the scale. The same population was again administered the above scale after a gap of 45 days. In the second phase of the testing 20 respondents of the first phase of testing were found to be absent and thus 480 respondents only participated for the second phase of testing. The coefficients of correlation obtained by the two methods of reliability are recorded in table-3.3

11 Methodology 99 Table 3.2 Coefficient of correlations as the index of reliability of the Self-Esteem scale. SI.No Method R 1. Split-half Test retest 0.82 It may be observed from table-3.2 that the coefficients of correlation obtained by the two methods are quite high. This suggests that the Hindi version is a reliable measure of self-esteem in Indian context. According to Ferguson (1976), this method can easily be used to determine the index of reliability of a test prepared in a language other than the language in which the test was originally developed. Validity: The validity of the Hindi version of the Self-Esteem Scale was determined with criterion validity technique. This technique proves to be a convenient method if there is a need of translating some existing, valid and standardized test into some other language. The Hindi and English version of the self-esteem scale were administered on the sample which participated in the first phase of the testing. The scores obtained in the two sessions were correlated and thus a coefficient of correlation of.89 was obtained for the English/Hindi versions of the scale. Administration and Scoring: The self-esteem scale can be administered individually or in groups also. The educated respondents may respond to the items themselves according to the instructions given on the first page of the test. If the respondent is uneducated, his or her responses may be noted by the researcher. The positive items are scored on the pattern of 5, 4, 3,

12 Methodology 100 2, 1 and the negative items are scored in the reverse order for the concerned categories. The item numbers 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 are negative and remaining items are positive. In order to obtain the total score for an individual the score on the different items are to be added. The higher score on this scale indicates higher selfesteem and thus the lower score indicates lower self-esteem. The minimum and maximum possible score on this scale are 20 and 100 respectively. Norms: The norms for the Hindi version of self-esteem scale are provided in the form of Mean and SD Emotional Intelligence Test: Preparation of preliminary draft: The tests already developed by researchers in different socio-cultural contexts such as Goleman (1995), Mayor and Salovey (2003) that measure emotional intelligence provided the base to construct this test. On the basis of reviewed literature the researcher developed a test with 120 items comprising of the 5 domains, these items were given to 10 experts in the field of psychology and education for content validation. They were request to evaluate each of these items in terms of its relevance and its language to measure the desired dimension as a part of the concept of emotional intelligence. Looking into the consensus of the experts a preliminary draft of 80 items was finalized. Development of the scale: The preliminary draft of 80 items was administered to a sample of 300 students, studying in IX th standard, selected randomly from six schools situated in district of Patiala, Ludhiana and Sangrur. Giving a score ranging from 5 to 1 correspondingly

13 Methodology 101 showing the degree of occurrence of emotion on a 5 point scale ranging from always, most often, occasionally, rarely and never, the negative items were scored in reverse order. The scores of the respondents were expected to range 80 to 400. For the purpose of item analysis i.e., to determine the discrimination power of each item, top 27% and bottom 27% subjects were identified. The score of high scoring group ranged from 300 and above and low scoring group comprised of students having a score of 200 or below. Item wise Mean and SD of higher group and low group were computed to apply t-test in order to find out the difference between two groups for each item, in the preliminary draft EIT. On the basis of the significance of t-value and content of the statement in different domains of emotional intelligence being measured in the preliminary draft. Only those items which had significant discrimination power at 0.01 and 0.05 level were selected. Thus, the final draft of EIT comprised of 60 items as shown in table-3.4 Table 3.3 Distribution of Items in Final Draft Sr. Domain S. No. of item in final draft Total No. No. 1 Self Awareness 1, 6, 11, 16, 21, 26, 31, 36, 40, 44, 47, Managing 2, 7, 12, 17, 22, 27, 32 7 Emotions 3 Motivating 3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, 33, 37, 41, 45, 48, 51, 14 Oneself 53, 57 4 Empathy 4, 9, 14, 19, 24, 29, 34, 38, 42 9 Handing 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 39, 43, 46, 49, 18 5 Relationships 52, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60 Total 60 (=Bold numbers signify negatively worded statements)

14 Methodology 102 The EIT constitutes of 60 items from five domains of Emotional Intelligence i.e. Self-Awareness, Managing Emotions, Motivating Oneself, Empathy, and Handing Relationships. The response pattern in the scale is of Likert type i.e., on a five point continuum from always, most often, occasional, rarely to never. As all the items are socially acceptable, thought positively and negatively stated, the scoring for each statement in the scale is done in descending/ascending order for determining the emotional intelligence by giving a score of 5 for always, 4 for most often 3 for occasional, 2 for rarely, 1 for never and reverse for negative items. A copy of the scale is given in Appendix-B Reliability: Reliability is the accuracy or precision of a measuring instrument. Reliability refers to the consistency of scores obtained by the same persons when re-examined with the same test on different occasions (stability) or with different sets of equivalent items (equivalence). In the development of this scale, test-retest reliability coefficient for internal consistency was worked out. For this purpose, a sample of 100 students was randomly selected from three schools of Patiala district of Punjab. The scale was administered on the selected sample after a gap of one month to establish test-retest reliability of the scale. Test-retest Reliability: It is a form of reliability in which the scores on a test are correlated with the score of the same subject using the same test items. The test-retest reliability coefficient of correlation between the first and second administration for EIT on IX standard students was computed along with testing the significance of difference between the two means

15 Methodology 103 obtained for all the five domains i.e., SA, ME, MO, E and HR as well as the overall emotional intelligence. It was observed that the highly significant coefficient of correlation indicating the internal consistency between the different domains of EIT and also between the two administrations with a time gap of one month was considered to be satisfactory. Thus this test was found to be highly reliable. Validity: Validity refers to the extent to which an instrument measures what it is intended to measure. The three types of validity are content validity, criterion related validity, and construct validity. Content Validity: According to Ary et.al. (1985), content validity refers to the extent to which the instrument represents the content of interest. Content validation is essential and necessary based on the judgment and such judgment must be made separately for each situation. In EIT, content validation was achieved by showing the draft to ten experts from the field of psychology and education. Changes were made in the 1 st draft per their suggestions Criterion Related Validity: Criterion related validity refers to the relationship between the scores as a measuring instrument and an independent external variable (criterion) believed to directly measure the behavior or characteristic in question. To derive the criterion validity, correlations drawn the five domains i.e., SA, ME, MO, E, and HR as well as the total score of emotional intelligence with an earlier developed and standardized test. Hence, the test has good criterion related validity.

16 Methodology 104 Emotional Maturity Test developed by Yashvir Singh and Dr. Mahesh Bhargava in 1990 measures the emotional maturity of the person. Higher score on the emotional maturity scale signifies the greater emotional immaturity and vice versa. Construct Validity: Construct validity refers to something that is not itself directly measurable but which explain observable effects. To measure the construct validity correlations this explains observable effects. To measure the construct validity correlations between all the domains of EIT were drawn out. Table-3.5 depicts the inter-relationships between the different domains of EIT. Table 3.4 Interrelationships between Domains of Emotional Intelligence Test Domains SA ME MO E HR EI SA ME MO E HR (=Bold figures indicate significance at 0.05 and 0.01 level) It is revealed from table-2 that all correlations except for correlations with empathy were positive and highly significant at both 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance. Thus, it could be inferred that all the items are highly correlated and test developed is highly valid. Age norms: EIT can be used to assess the emotional intelligence of all school students and adolescents belonging to the age range of 10 to 17 years.

17 Methodology 105 Scoring & Interpretation: The EIT constitutes of 60 items from five domains of emotional intelligence i. e., Self Awareness, Managing Emotions, Motivating Oneself, Empathy and Handling Relationships. The response pattern is of Likert type i. e. on a five-point scale from always, most often, occasionally, rarely to never. Since, all the items are socially acceptable, though positively and negatively stated, the scoring for each statement in the scale is done in descending/ascending order for determining the emotional intelligence by giving a score of 5 for always, 4 for most often, 3 for occasionally, 2 for rarely and 1 for never and reverse in case of negatively worded statements. In this way, the expected score may range from with high score showing high degree of emotional intelligence and low score showing low degree of emotional intelligence. Table- 3.6 depicts the interpretation of scores. Table-3.5 Interpretation of Scores Sr. No. Domain Below Average Average High 1 Self Awareness Managing Emotions Motivating Oneself Empathy Handling Relationships Emotional Intelligence

18 Methodology : Academic Achievement: (Marks obtained by the students in HSLC Examination) In Academic Achievement total marks of four major subjects obtained by the students in the HSLC Examination conducted by SEBA in the year 2014 was taken as the scores. The researcher calculated the total marks of four major subjects ( MIL, English, Mathematics and General Science ) obtained by the students and arranged it in district-wise, sex-wise, habitant-wise (urban-rural) and tribal and non-tribal and in district-wise. A copy of raw scores obtained by the students is given in Appendix-C : Data collection Procedure: As per the design of the study the investigator approached the selected Higher Secondary Schools, Junior Colleges and colleges and requested the Principals to offer their cooperation in the data collection procedure. After getting the assurance from the authorities the researcher is to administer the tools to the students of class XI. At the very outset, the students were requested to participate heartily and sincerely in responding to all the tools with their own ideas and knowledge. The students were assured that the results will be only for research purpose. After that, the researcher imparted all the instruction to be taken care. All the tools were administered on the same day in the class. After the completion of responding the researcher then collected the respond tools from the students and thanked them for their cooperation. Keeping in mind all directions and nature of the tools the researcher visited all 25(twenty-five) Secondary Schools and Junior Colleges which took three months time. The researcher administered two of standardized scale and test, namely Self-Esteem Scale and Emotional Intelligence Test. (The researcher translated the Self-esteem scale into English by the help of the language expert due to some respondent faced difficulties in

19 Methodology 107 answering the statements as the statements were in Hindi). The same procedure was followed in all the schools and Colleges. Regarding the data on Academic Achievement, the investigator collected the marks obtained in the HSLC Examination 2014 by the sample students from their respective schools records for analysis : Analysis of Data: The researcher collected the data from a selected sample of 500 secondary school students of class XIth of Lakhimpur and Dhemaji districts of Assam. The pattern of analysis followed the requirements outlined in the statement of objectives and the various research hypotheses. The variables like Self-Esteem, Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievement was included in the present study. The researcher used various statistical techniques like Mean, SD, t-test and Analysis of variance in analyzing the collected data. The students were categorized mainly on the basis of sex, location of schools or residence, tribal and non-tribal and in district-wise, and the groups are compared to find out whether there exist any significant differences between them by employing t -test. The relationship of Self-Esteem and Emotional Intelligence with Academic Achievement; Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievement was also worked out by employing Pearson s Coefficient of correlation method. F-test was also used in some cases. ****************************************************

CHAPTER 3 METHOD AND PROCEDURE

CHAPTER 3 METHOD AND PROCEDURE CHAPTER 3 METHOD AND PROCEDURE Previous chapter namely Review of the Literature was concerned with the review of the research studies conducted in the field of teacher education, with special reference

More information

CHAPTER-III METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER-III METHODOLOGY CHAPTER-III METHODOLOGY 3.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter deals with the methodology employed in order to achieve the set objectives of the study. Details regarding sample, description of the tools employed,

More information

A Study on Emotional Intelligence among Teachers with Special reference to Erode District

A Study on Emotional Intelligence among Teachers with Special reference to Erode District A Study on Emotional Intelligence among Teachers with Special reference to Erode District ABSTRACT M.Dhilsathbegam Research Scholar, Department of Managment, Hindusthan College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore.

More information

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE COLLEGE AMONG TEACHERS IN COIMBATORE

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE COLLEGE AMONG TEACHERS IN COIMBATORE EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE COLLEGE AMONG TEACHERS IN COIMBATORE P. Sripal 1 and Dr. T. Paramasivan 2 1 Research Scholar, Department of Business Administration, Mannargudi Rajagopalaswamy Arts and Science College,

More information

Importance of Good Measurement

Importance of Good Measurement Importance of Good Measurement Technical Adequacy of Assessments: Validity and Reliability Dr. K. A. Korb University of Jos The conclusions in a study are only as good as the data that is collected. The

More information

CHAPTER IV METHOD AND PROCEDURE

CHAPTER IV METHOD AND PROCEDURE CHAPTER IV METHOD AND PROCEDURE In the preceding chapters we have stated the objectives of the present study and have also reviewed related research studies and their designs. The purpose of this chapter

More information

Chapter 1. Research : A way of thinking

Chapter 1. Research : A way of thinking Chapter 1 Research : A way of thinking Research is undertaken within most professions. More than a set of skills, research is a way of thinking: examining critically the various aspects of your day-to-day

More information

Emotional intelligence in relation to mental health and adjustment among students

Emotional intelligence in relation to mental health and adjustment among students International Journal of Advanced Research and Development ISSN: 2455-4030 Impact Factor: RJIF 5.24 www.advancedjournal.com Volume 3; Issue 1; January 2018; Page No. 304-308 Emotional intelligence in relation

More information

Chapter 1. Research : A way of thinking

Chapter 1. Research : A way of thinking Chapter 1 Research : A way of thinking Research is undertaken within most professions. More than a set of skills, research is a way of thinking: examining critically the various aspects of your day-to-day

More information

Psych 1Chapter 2 Overview

Psych 1Chapter 2 Overview Psych 1Chapter 2 Overview After studying this chapter, you should be able to answer the following questions: 1) What are five characteristics of an ideal scientist? 2) What are the defining elements of

More information

A Correlational Study of Emotional Intelligence and Anxieties of the Higher and Lower Economic Strata

A Correlational Study of Emotional Intelligence and Anxieties of the Higher and Lower Economic Strata A Correlational Study of Emotional Intelligence and Anxieties of the Higher and Lower Economic Strata DR. SURESHCHANDRA R. JOSHI Associate Professor & Head, B.K.K.P.S.M. Post Graduate College of Education,

More information

Reliability & Validity Dr. Sudip Chaudhuri

Reliability & Validity Dr. Sudip Chaudhuri Reliability & Validity Dr. Sudip Chaudhuri M. Sc., M. Tech., Ph.D., M. Ed. Assistant Professor, G.C.B.T. College, Habra, India, Honorary Researcher, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Life Member, Indian

More information

Introduction. Sample. Variables. Tools. Selection of Procedure. Type of Items. Item Pool. Preliminary List. Analysis. Construction of The Tool

Introduction. Sample. Variables. Tools. Selection of Procedure. Type of Items. Item Pool. Preliminary List. Analysis. Construction of The Tool CHAPTER 3 DESIGN & PROCEDURE OF THE STUD\ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.4 (i) 3.3.4 (ii) 3.3.4 (iii) 3.3.4 (iv) 3.3.4 (v) 3.3.4 (vi) 3.3.4 (vii) Introduction Sample Variables Tools Style

More information

International Research Journal of Interdisciplinary & Multidisciplinary Studies (IRJIMS)

International Research Journal of Interdisciplinary & Multidisciplinary Studies (IRJIMS) International Research Journal of Interdisciplinary & Multidisciplinary Studies (IRJIMS) A Peer-Reviewed Monthly Research Journal ISSN: 2394-7969 (Online), ISSN: 2394-7950 (Print) ISJN: A4372-3144 (Online)

More information

EMOTIONAL MATURITY AND SELF CONCEPT AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS. Abstract

EMOTIONAL MATURITY AND SELF CONCEPT AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS. Abstract EMOTIONAL MATURITY AND SELF CONCEPT AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS *Dr. Manju Jain & **Dr. Pooja Pasrija & ***Divya Abstract The present study was chalked out to study Emotional Maturity and Self

More information

CHAPTER- III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER- III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY CHAPTER- III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Statement of the Problem 3.3 Objectives 3.4 Hypotheses 3.5 Variables 3.6 Operational Definitions of Variables 3.7 Selection of the Sample 3.8 Research

More information

Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Maturity and their relationship with Academic Achievement of College Students in Sikkim

Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Maturity and their relationship with Academic Achievement of College Students in Sikkim Emotional Intelligence and Emotional Maturity and their relationship with Academic Achievement of College Students in Sikkim [] Dr. Dona Rai Yugal Kisore Khanal [2] Abstract: Emotional intelligence is

More information

Effect of Metacognitive Thinking on Test Anxiety of Students

Effect of Metacognitive Thinking on Test Anxiety of Students Indian Journal of Psychological Science, V-7, No.1 (069-074) Effect of Metacognitive Thinking on Test Anxiety of Students Satsangi, A.* Begum, A.** About Authors: *Assistant Professor, Dayalbagh Educational

More information

PLS 506 Mark T. Imperial, Ph.D. Lecture Notes: Reliability & Validity

PLS 506 Mark T. Imperial, Ph.D. Lecture Notes: Reliability & Validity PLS 506 Mark T. Imperial, Ph.D. Lecture Notes: Reliability & Validity Measurement & Variables - Initial step is to conceptualize and clarify the concepts embedded in a hypothesis or research question with

More information

Baljit Kaur EFFECT OF EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT AND INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF 9 TH CLASS STUDENTS

Baljit Kaur EFFECT OF EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT AND INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF 9 TH CLASS STUDENTS 39 EFFECT OF EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT AND INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF 9 TH CLASS STUDENTS Baljit Kaur Asstt. Professor Ambika College of Education, Kharar tarsem1709@gmail.com ABSTRACT There

More information

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research methodology explains the activity of research that pursuit, how it progress, estimate process and represents the success. The methodological decision covers the

More information

CHAPTER III METHOD AND PROCEDURE

CHAPTER III METHOD AND PROCEDURE 3.1. INTRODUCTION CHAPTER III METHOD AND PROCEDURE Research is a systematic activity directed towards discovery. The development of an organised body of knowledge has been proved to be an essential and

More information

Creative thinking and socio- Demographic variables of secondary school students

Creative thinking and socio- Demographic variables of secondary school students 2017; 3(4): 824-828 ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Impact Factor: 5.2 IJAR 2017; 3(4): 824-828 www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 19-02-2017 Accepted: 20-03-2017 Anshu Mali Research Scholar,

More information

International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 02, Issue 12, pp , December, 2015

International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 02, Issue 12, pp , December, 2015 sz www.ijramr.com International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 02, Issue 12, pp.1035-1039, December, 2015 RESEARCH ARTICLE SELF-CONFIDENCE OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

More information

Validity and Reliability. PDF Created with deskpdf PDF Writer - Trial ::

Validity and Reliability. PDF Created with deskpdf PDF Writer - Trial :: Validity and Reliability PDF Created with deskpdf PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com Validity Is the translation from concept to operationalization accurately representing the underlying concept.

More information

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICAL COMPETENCE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICAL COMPETENCE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY International Journal of Management, IT & Engineering Vol. 7 Issue 12, December 2017, ISSN: 2249-0558 Impact Factor: 7.119 Journal Homepage: Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International

More information

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY, DATA COLLECTION AND DATA ANALYSIS

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY, DATA COLLECTION AND DATA ANALYSIS CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY, DATA COLLECTION AND DATA ANALYSIS TABLE OF CONTENTS Titles Page Nos. CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY, DATA COLLECTION 88 97 AND DATA ANALYSIS 3.1 Objectives of the Study 89 3.2 Research Design

More information

Study of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Self Efficacy among School Going Adolescents

Study of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Self Efficacy among School Going Adolescents Study of the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Self Efficacy among School Going Adolescents P.S FATHIMA SWAIN MAMTA SINHA V.K Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Central Institute of Psychiatry,

More information

A STUDY OF MENTAL HEALTH IN RELATION TO SPIRITUALITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS. (Mrs.) K. Govind, Ph. D. & D. Amalor, Ph. D. Puducherry.

A STUDY OF MENTAL HEALTH IN RELATION TO SPIRITUALITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS. (Mrs.) K. Govind, Ph. D. & D. Amalor, Ph. D. Puducherry. A STUDY OF MENTAL HEALTH IN RELATION TO SPIRITUALITY AMONG ADOLESCENTS (Mrs.) K. Govind, Ph. D. & D. Amalor, Ph. D. 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu 2 Trained

More information

A Study of Gender Differences in Emotional Intelligence and Learning Behaviour among Children

A Study of Gender Differences in Emotional Intelligence and Learning Behaviour among Children The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 6, Issue 4, DIP: 18.01.047/20180604 DOI: 10.25215/0604.047 http://www.ijip.in October-December, 2018 Research

More information

CHAPTER VI RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER VI RESEARCH METHODOLOGY CHAPTER VI RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 6.1 Research Design Research is an organized, systematic, data based, critical, objective, scientific inquiry or investigation into a specific problem, undertaken with the

More information

Emotional Maturity among Young Adults: A Comparative Study

Emotional Maturity among Young Adults: A Comparative Study Indian Journal of Psychological Science, V-6, No.2 (073-079) Emotional Maturity among Young Adults: A Comparative Study Anjana Bhattacharjee Abstract: The present research is attempted to ascertain among

More information

Critical Thinking Assessment at MCC. How are we doing?

Critical Thinking Assessment at MCC. How are we doing? Critical Thinking Assessment at MCC How are we doing? Prepared by Maura McCool, M.S. Office of Research, Evaluation and Assessment Metropolitan Community Colleges Fall 2003 1 General Education Assessment

More information

THE PROFESSIONAL BOARD FOR PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PROFESSIONS COUNCIL OF SOUTH AFRICA TEST DEVELOPMENT / ADAPTATION PROPOSAL FORM

THE PROFESSIONAL BOARD FOR PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PROFESSIONS COUNCIL OF SOUTH AFRICA TEST DEVELOPMENT / ADAPTATION PROPOSAL FORM FORM A THE PROFESSIONAL BOARD FOR PSYCHOLOGY HEALTH PROFESSIONS COUNCIL OF SOUTH AFRICA TEST DEVELOPMENT / ADAPTATION PROPOSAL FORM This document consists of two sections. Please complete section 1 if

More information

CHAPTER-III METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER-III METHODOLOGY CHAPTER-III METHODOLOGY Statement of Problem Objectives Hypotheses Methodology Sample Variables Research Design Research Tests Description of tests Procedure of Data collection Statistical Analysis This

More information

CHAPTER VI SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. Premenstrual syndrome is a set of physical psycho emotional and behavioral

CHAPTER VI SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. Premenstrual syndrome is a set of physical psycho emotional and behavioral CHAPTER VI SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 Summary Premenstrual syndrome is a set of physical psycho emotional and behavioral symptoms that start during the week before menstruation

More information

PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF CLINICAL PERFORMANCE RATINGS

PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF CLINICAL PERFORMANCE RATINGS PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF CLINICAL PERFORMANCE RATINGS A total of 7931 ratings of 482 third- and fourth-year medical students were gathered over twelve four-week periods. Ratings were made by multiple

More information

A Study of Emotional Intelligence of Adolescent Students

A Study of Emotional Intelligence of Adolescent Students The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 6, Issue 3, DIP: 18.01.011/20180603 DOI: 10.25215/0603.011 http://www.ijip.in July-September, 2018 Research

More information

CHAPTER IV CONSTRUCTION OF MORAL JUDGEMENT TEST, VALIDATION, DESCRIPTION AND ADMINISTRATION

CHAPTER IV CONSTRUCTION OF MORAL JUDGEMENT TEST, VALIDATION, DESCRIPTION AND ADMINISTRATION CHAPTER IV CONSTRUCTION OF MORAL JUDGEMENT TEST, VALIDATION, DESCRIPTION AND ADMINISTRATION 4.1 INTRODUCTION The present study is aimed at assessing the moral judgment among secondary school teachers of

More information

CHAPTER-II DEVELOPMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF TOOLS

CHAPTER-II DEVELOPMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF TOOLS CHAPTER-II DEVELOPMENT AND DESCRIPTION OF TOOLS The preceding chapter dealt with theoretical basis of the study, objectives of the study, hypotheses and delimitations of the study. The present chapter

More information

A comparative study of emotional intelligence among management and engineering students

A comparative study of emotional intelligence among management and engineering students International Journal of Academic Research and Development ISSN: 2455-4197, Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22 www.academicsjournal.com Volume 2; Issue 4; July 2017; Page No. 716-720 A comparative study of emotional

More information

Intelligence and Divergent Thinking Abilities of Senior Secondary Students: A Co-relational Study

Intelligence and Divergent Thinking Abilities of Senior Secondary Students: A Co-relational Study Learning Community: 8(2): 89-95, August 2017 2017 New Delhi Publishers. All rights reserved DOI: 10.5958/2231-458X.2017.00014.8 Intelligence and Divergent Thinking Abilities of Senior Secondary Students:

More information

2 Critical thinking guidelines

2 Critical thinking guidelines What makes psychological research scientific? Precision How psychologists do research? Skepticism Reliance on empirical evidence Willingness to make risky predictions Openness Precision Begin with a Theory

More information

International Journal of Research and Review E-ISSN: ; P-ISSN:

International Journal of Research and Review  E-ISSN: ; P-ISSN: International Journal of Research and Review www.gkpublication.in E-ISSN: 2349-9788; P-ISSN: 2454-2237 Original Research Article Impact of Self Concept and Emotional Intelligence on Adjustment of Adults

More information

Effects of Gender and Locality on Emotional Maturity

Effects of Gender and Locality on Emotional Maturity Quest Journals Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science Volume 4 ~ Issue 10 (2016) pp: 50-54 ISSN(Online) : 2321-9467 www.questjournals.org Research Paper Effects of Gender and Locality on

More information

Indian Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, No.1, January, 2017

Indian Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Applied Sciences, Vol.7, No.1, January, 2017 Available Online www.sportsscientistsviews.in Journal DOI-05-2016-44975451 Scientific Journal Impact Factor-4.917 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SPORTS EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AMONG BADMINTON PLAYERS ON THE BASIS

More information

Measuring Self-Esteem of Adolescents Based on Academic Performance. Grambling State University

Measuring Self-Esteem of Adolescents Based on Academic Performance. Grambling State University Measuring Self-Esteem 1 Running head: MEASURING SELF-ESTEEM INADOLESCENTS Measuring Self-Esteem of Adolescents Based on Academic Performance Grambling State University Measuring Self-Esteem 2 Problem Studied

More information

Causal Attribution Beliefs of Success and Failure: A Perspective from Pakistan

Causal Attribution Beliefs of Success and Failure: A Perspective from Pakistan Bulletin of Education and Research December 2017, Vol. 39, No. 3 pp. 105-115 Causal Attribution Beliefs of Success and Failure: A Perspective from Pakistan Muhammad Faisal Farid * and Mumtaz Akhter **

More information

Experimental Research in HCI. Alma Leora Culén University of Oslo, Department of Informatics, Design

Experimental Research in HCI. Alma Leora Culén University of Oslo, Department of Informatics, Design Experimental Research in HCI Alma Leora Culén University of Oslo, Department of Informatics, Design almira@ifi.uio.no INF2260/4060 1 Oslo, 15/09/16 Review Method Methodology Research methods are simply

More information

Reliability and Validity

Reliability and Validity Reliability and Today s Objectives Understand the difference between reliability and validity Understand how to develop valid indicators of a concept Reliability and Reliability How accurate or consistent

More information

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY This chapter discusses things related to the way this study is conducted. Research design, data collection methods which consist of population, sample and setting, research instruments,

More information

THE IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING

THE IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING THE IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING ElenaSpirovska Tevdovska South East European University, e.spirovska@seeu.edu.mk DOI: 10.1515/seeur-2017-0009 Abstract

More information

Nature of Science and Scientific Method Guided Notes

Nature of Science and Scientific Method Guided Notes Anything present in the environment, around the world, living, non-living everything is included in science. Science can be knowledge, science can be a fun, it can be a fact, a discovery, a law, a solved

More information

Study on Achievement Motivation among Adolescent Students in Colleges of Trichirappalli, Dt.

Study on Achievement Motivation among Adolescent Students in Colleges of Trichirappalli, Dt. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) e-issn: 2279-0837, p-issn: 2279-085. PP 25-31 www.iosrjournals.org Study on Achievement Motivation among Adolescent Students in Colleges of Trichirappalli,

More information

Effect of Adjustment on the Academic Performance of Urdu Medium Male and Female Secondary Level Students

Effect of Adjustment on the Academic Performance of Urdu Medium Male and Female Secondary Level Students Effect of Adjustment on the Academic Performance of Urdu Medium Male and Female Secondary Level Students Mohd. Moshahid Dept. of Education & Training, MANUU, Hyderabad-32, India. ABSTRACT This paper makes

More information

Research Methodology in Social Sciences. by Dr. Rina Astini

Research Methodology in Social Sciences. by Dr. Rina Astini Research Methodology in Social Sciences by Dr. Rina Astini Email : rina_astini@mercubuana.ac.id What is Research? Re ---------------- Search Re means (once more, afresh, anew) or (back; with return to

More information

ADMS Sampling Technique and Survey Studies

ADMS Sampling Technique and Survey Studies Principles of Measurement Measurement As a way of understanding, evaluating, and differentiating characteristics Provides a mechanism to achieve precision in this understanding, the extent or quality As

More information

CHAPTER V. Summary and Recommendations. policies, including uniforms (Behling, 1994). The purpose of this study was to

CHAPTER V. Summary and Recommendations. policies, including uniforms (Behling, 1994). The purpose of this study was to HAPTER V Summary and Recommendations The current belief that fashionable clothing worn to school by students influences their attitude and behavior is the major impetus behind the adoption of stricter

More information

Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievement Motivation Among College Students

Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievement Motivation Among College Students International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) ISSN (Online): 2319 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 7714 Volume 7 Issue 10 Ver. I October2018 PP01-06 Emotional Intelligence and Academic

More information

Inter-Dimensional Study Of Emotional Instability Of Higher Secondary Students

Inter-Dimensional Study Of Emotional Instability Of Higher Secondary Students Volume 3 Issue 2 October 2015 ISSN: 2347-1697 International Journal of Informative & Futuristic Research Inter-Dimensional Study Of Emotional Paper ID IJIFR/ V3/ E2/ 044 Page No. 508-517 Subject Area Education

More information

Empowered by Psychometrics The Fundamentals of Psychometrics. Jim Wollack University of Wisconsin Madison

Empowered by Psychometrics The Fundamentals of Psychometrics. Jim Wollack University of Wisconsin Madison Empowered by Psychometrics The Fundamentals of Psychometrics Jim Wollack University of Wisconsin Madison Psycho-what? Psychometrics is the field of study concerned with the measurement of mental and psychological

More information

METHODOLOGY FOR DISSERTATION

METHODOLOGY FOR DISSERTATION METHODOLOGY FOR DISSERTATION In order to expose the methods of scientific work, it is necessary to briefly clarify the terms of methodology, methods and scientific methods. The methodology comes from the

More information

Emotional intelligence of prospective teachers

Emotional intelligence of prospective teachers 2016; 2(7): 321-325 ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Impact Factor: 5.2 IJAR 2016; 2(7): 321-325 www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 26-05-2016 Accepted: 27-06-2016 S Jerslin Research Scholar,

More information

AND ITS VARIOUS DEVICES. Attitude is such an abstract, complex mental set. up that its measurement has remained controversial.

AND ITS VARIOUS DEVICES. Attitude is such an abstract, complex mental set. up that its measurement has remained controversial. CHAPTER III attitude measurement AND ITS VARIOUS DEVICES Attitude is such an abstract, complex mental set up that its measurement has remained controversial. Psychologists studied attitudes of individuals

More information

A study of association between demographic factor income and emotional intelligence

A study of association between demographic factor income and emotional intelligence EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. V, Issue 1/ April 2017 ISSN 2286-4822 www.euacademic.org Impact Factor: 3.4546 (UIF) DRJI Value: 5.9 (B+) A study of association between demographic factor income and emotional

More information

A Study of Emotional Intelligence on CBSE and ICSE Adolescents

A Study of Emotional Intelligence on CBSE and ICSE Adolescents The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 4, Issue 2, No. 87, DIP: 18.01.042/20170402 ISBN: 978-1-365-71287-6 http://www.ijip.in January-March, 2017 A

More information

Technical Specifications

Technical Specifications Technical Specifications In order to provide summary information across a set of exercises, all tests must employ some form of scoring models. The most familiar of these scoring models is the one typically

More information

Verbal Reasoning: Technical information

Verbal Reasoning: Technical information Verbal Reasoning: Technical information Issues in test construction In constructing the Verbal Reasoning tests, a number of important technical features were carefully considered by the test constructors.

More information

Emotional Intelligence and Self Concept as Predictors of Students Academic Achievement in Mathematics

Emotional Intelligence and Self Concept as Predictors of Students Academic Achievement in Mathematics International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR) ISSN 2307-4531 (Print & Online) http://gssrr.org/index.php?journal=journalofbasicandapplied ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

More information

TITLE OF THE ARTICLE: ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT AND FRIENDSHIP QUOTIENT AMONG YOUTH OF JAMMU CITY, J&K, INDIA

TITLE OF THE ARTICLE: ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT AND FRIENDSHIP QUOTIENT AMONG YOUTH OF JAMMU CITY, J&K, INDIA TITLE OF THE ARTICLE: ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT AND FRIENDSHIP QUOTIENT AMONG YOUTH OF JAMMU CITY, J&K, INDIA DR. SARIKA MANHAS*; MS. TAZIM AKHTER** *ASSTT. PROF, P.G.DEPTT.

More information

ESTABLISHING VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF ACHIEVEMENT TEST IN BIOLOGY FOR STD. IX STUDENTS

ESTABLISHING VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF ACHIEVEMENT TEST IN BIOLOGY FOR STD. IX STUDENTS International Journal of Educational Science and Research (IJESR) ISSN(P): 2249-6947; ISSN(E): 2249-8052 Vol. 4, Issue 4, Aug 2014, 29-36 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. ESTABLISHING VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF ACHIEVEMENT

More information

Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievement among Advantage and Disadvantage Children

Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievement among Advantage and Disadvantage Children The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 Volume 2, Issue 1, Paper ID: B00270V2I12014 http://www.ijip.in Oct to Dec 2014 ABSTRACT: Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievement among

More information

Neuroscience and Generalized Empirical Method Go Three Rounds

Neuroscience and Generalized Empirical Method Go Three Rounds Bruce Anderson, Neuroscience and Generalized Empirical Method Go Three Rounds: Review of Robert Henman s Global Collaboration: Neuroscience as Paradigmatic Journal of Macrodynamic Analysis 9 (2016): 74-78.

More information

Chapter 4: Defining and Measuring Variables

Chapter 4: Defining and Measuring Variables Chapter 4: Defining and Measuring Variables A. LEARNING OUTCOMES. After studying this chapter students should be able to: Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative, discrete and continuous, and

More information

SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE OF B. ED. STUDENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR GENDER AND LOCALITY. Abstract

SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE OF B. ED. STUDENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR GENDER AND LOCALITY. Abstract Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language, Online ISSN 2348-383, SJ IMPACT FACTOR 216 = 4.44, www.srjis.com UGC Approved Sr. No.48612, FEB-MAR 218, VOL- 6/26 SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE

More information

Group Assignment #1: Concept Explication. For each concept, ask and answer the questions before your literature search.

Group Assignment #1: Concept Explication. For each concept, ask and answer the questions before your literature search. Group Assignment #1: Concept Explication 1. Preliminary identification of the concept. Identify and name each concept your group is interested in examining. Questions to asked and answered: Is each concept

More information

ISSN Electronic International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (EIIRJ) Bi-monthly Reviewed Journal July/Aug 2013

ISSN Electronic International Interdisciplinary Research Journal (EIIRJ) Bi-monthly Reviewed Journal July/Aug 2013 ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION OF SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO THEIR SELF CONFIDENCE Dr. Sushma Gupta Assistant Prof. Deptt of Education, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra Asha Rani Research

More information

UNIT 4 DESCRIPTIVE, EXPERIMENTAL AND ACTION RESEARCH

UNIT 4 DESCRIPTIVE, EXPERIMENTAL AND ACTION RESEARCH UNIT 4 DESCRIPTIVE, EXPERIMENTAL AND ACTION RESEARCH Structure 4.0 Introduction 4.1 Objectives 4.2 Descriptive Research 4.2.1 Descriptive Research: Main Steps 4.2.2 Types of Descriptive Research 4.3 Experimental

More information

Experimental Psychology

Experimental Psychology Title Experimental Psychology Type Individual Document Map Authors Aristea Theodoropoulos, Patricia Sikorski Subject Social Studies Course None Selected Grade(s) 11, 12 Location Roxbury High School Curriculum

More information

A STUDY OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF TEACHER TRAINEES OF MEERUT CITY

A STUDY OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF TEACHER TRAINEES OF MEERUT CITY A STUDY OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF TEACHER TRAINEES OF MEERUT CITY 1 Dr. Mahesh Kumar Gangal 2 Jayotsna Singh 1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Education, Banasthali University, Banasthali,India (drmkgangal.edu@gmail.com)

More information

The Asian Conference on Education & International Development 2015 Official Conference Proceedings. iafor

The Asian Conference on Education & International Development 2015 Official Conference Proceedings. iafor Constructing and Validating Behavioral Components Scale of Motivational Goals in Mathematics Nancy Castro, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines Michelle Cruz, University of Santo Tomas, Philippines Maria

More information

Demographic Factors in Multiple Intelligence of Pre-Service Physical Science Teachers

Demographic Factors in Multiple Intelligence of Pre-Service Physical Science Teachers The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 6, Issue 4, DIP: 18.01.054/20180604 DOI: 10.25215/0604.054 http://www.ijip.in October-December, 2018 Research

More information

CHAPTER-II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.2 IMPORTANCE OF THE REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.3 REVIEW OF RESEARCH REGARDING EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

CHAPTER-II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.2 IMPORTANCE OF THE REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.3 REVIEW OF RESEARCH REGARDING EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE 24 CHAPTER-II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 IMPORTANCE OF THE REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.3 REVIEW OF RESEARCH REGARDING EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE 2.3.1 STUDIES RELATED TO THE TEST CONSTRUCTION

More information

Emotional Intelligence among College Students with Special Reference to Kerala

Emotional Intelligence among College Students with Special Reference to Kerala Volume 118 No. 20 2018, 4583-4589 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu ijpam.eu Emotional Intelligence among College Students with Special Reference to Kerala Jayashree S, Vimal Ram

More information

A Comparative Study of Frustration Level among Science and Non-Science Students

A Comparative Study of Frustration Level among Science and Non-Science Students IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 19, Issue 10, Ver. VII (Oct. 2014), PP 57-61 e-issn: 2279-0837, p-issn: 2279-0845. A Comparative Study of Frustration Level among Science

More information

A Comparative Study of Self Concept of Boys and Girls of Rural Area of Panipat District of Haryana State

A Comparative Study of Self Concept of Boys and Girls of Rural Area of Panipat District of Haryana State The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN 2348-5396 (e) ISSN: 2349-3429 (p) Volume 4, Issue 3, DIP 18.01.095/20170403 http://www.ijip.in April-June, 2017 Original Research Paper A Comparative

More information

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF ADOLESCENTS WITH REFERENCE TO GENDER

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF ADOLESCENTS WITH REFERENCE TO GENDER Scholarly Research Journal for Humanity Science & English Language, Online ISSN 2348-3083, SJ IMPACT FACTOR 2016 = 4.44, www.srjis.com UGC Approved Sr. No.48612, OCT- NOV 2017, VOL- 4/24 https://doi.org/10.21922/srjhsel.v4i24.10419

More information

Construction and Standardization of Personality Hardiness Scale for Teachers

Construction and Standardization of Personality Hardiness Scale for Teachers Construction and Standardization of Personality Hardiness Scale for Teachers Harjeet Kaur & Dr. Ravinder Kaur *Assistant Professor, Mata Sundri College for Women, University of Delhi Harjit arora1@yahoo.co.in

More information

A STUDY OF ADJUSTMENT PROBLEMS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN RELATION TO GENDER, SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS & ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

A STUDY OF ADJUSTMENT PROBLEMS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN RELATION TO GENDER, SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS & ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT A STUDY OF ADJUSTMENT PROBLEMS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN RELATION TO GENDER, SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS & ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT 1 Sangeeta 2 Chirag 1 Senior Research Fellow, Department of Education, M.D University,

More information

What is Psychology? chapter 1

What is Psychology? chapter 1 What is Psychology? chapter 1 Overview! The science of psychology! What psychologists do! Critical and scientific thinking! Correlational studies! The experiment! Evaluating findings What is psychology?

More information

Journal of Administrative Management, Education and Training (JAMET) Citation:

Journal of Administrative Management, Education and Training (JAMET) Citation: Journal of Administrative Management, Education and Training (JAMET) ISSN: 1823-6049 Volume (12), Special Issue (5), 2016, 43-47 Available online at http://www.jamet-my.org Citation: P. Hatamian, The Relationship

More information

AU TQF 2 Doctoral Degree. Course Description

AU TQF 2 Doctoral Degree. Course Description Course Description 1. Foundation Courses CP 5000 General Psychology Non-credit Basic psychological concepts and to introduce students to the scientific study of behavior. Learning and Behavior, Altered

More information

UNIT 7 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH-I1

UNIT 7 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH-I1 UNIT 7 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH-I1 Structure 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Objectives 7.3 Types of Experimental Design 7.4 Pre-experimental Designs 7.4.1 One Shot Case Study Design 7.4.2 One Group Pre-test Post-test

More information

In this chapter we discuss validity issues for quantitative research and for qualitative research.

In this chapter we discuss validity issues for quantitative research and for qualitative research. Chapter 8 Validity of Research Results (Reminder: Don t forget to utilize the concept maps and study questions as you study this and the other chapters.) In this chapter we discuss validity issues for

More information

It was hypothesized that the male subjects would show a low level of emotional intelligence as compared to the female subjects.

It was hypothesized that the male subjects would show a low level of emotional intelligence as compared to the female subjects. CHAPTER 6 SUMMARY CHAPTER 6 Summary Emotional intelligence enables a person to learn how to acknowledge and understand feelings in oneself and in others. It also makes oneself to appropriately respond

More information

Personality and emotional maturity of depressive and obsessive compulsive disorders

Personality and emotional maturity of depressive and obsessive compulsive disorders Personality and emotional maturity of depressive and obsessive compulsive disorders Dr. Thiyam Kiran Singh*, Akanksha Sharma** ABSTRACT In this study random sampling technique was used in which a sample

More information

Unit 1 Exploring and Understanding Data

Unit 1 Exploring and Understanding Data Unit 1 Exploring and Understanding Data Area Principle Bar Chart Boxplot Conditional Distribution Dotplot Empirical Rule Five Number Summary Frequency Distribution Frequency Polygon Histogram Interquartile

More information

(77, 72, 74, 75, and 81).

(77, 72, 74, 75, and 81). CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN A descriptive study using a cross sectional design was used to establish norms on the JHFT for an ethnically diverse South African population between the ages

More information

Effects of Academic Procrastination on College Students Life Satisfaction

Effects of Academic Procrastination on College Students Life Satisfaction Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 12 (2011) 512 519 International Conference on Education and Educational Psychology (ICEEPSY 2010) Effects of Academic Procrastination

More information