Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring

Transcription

1 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring

2 Symposium on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring ~ovember13, 1983 ~ewport Beach, California

3 Michael A. Weber Jan I. M. Drayer (Eds.) Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring With Contributions by E. Beahm, S. Blank, K. Bolen, N. 0. Borhani, E. L. Bravo, H. R. Brunner, P.M. M. Cashman, R. Catania, E. R. Chard, D. L. Clement, F. Colardyn, B. J. des Combes, L. Cordone, C. Dal Palu, R. B. Devereux, J. I. M. Drayer, S. Dunkle, F. G. Dunn, P. Eggena, B. Falkner, D. J. Fitzgerald, F. M. Fouad, M. Prisk-Holmberg, E. D. Frohlich, B. N. Garrett, R. W. Gifford jr., I. B. Goldstein, M. S. Golub, B. A. Gould, A. H. Gradman, E. Halberg, F. Halberg, J. Halberg, P. Hanson, T. R. Harman, G. A. Harshfield, R. S. Hornung, R. Jacob, A. Jain, A.M. Johnson, R.I. Jones, H. L. Kennedy, I. Kobrin, A. Kumar, H. Kushner, F. LaBaw, J. H. Laragh, C. Lindahl, M. Littner, J. Lowenstein, D. T. Lowenthal, S. Mann, D. McGinty, F. G. McMahon, F. H. Messerli, C. Nemec, A. J. Neusy, M. Nyby, E. T. O'Brien, P. C. O'Brien, W. Oigman, C. L. O'Keefe, K. O'Malley, L. Packet, P. Palatini, A. C. Pessina, T. G. Pickering, M. Porchet, E. B. Raftery, L. Ramsey, R. A. Reeves, R. J. Rose, J. R. Ryan, J. R. Salcedo, M.P. Sambhi, A. Schirger, A. P. Shapiro, D. Shapiro, S. G. Sheps, J. Sowers, G. Sperti, R. E. Spiekerman, J. M. Steele jr., N. Stern, L. Stroud, R. C. Tarazi, S.C. Textor, C. Thananopavarn, A.M. Thompson, W. Thornton, Y. M. Traub, G. 0. Van Maele, E. Ventura, H. 0. Ventura, B. Waeber, J. Wallace, A. Ward, M.A. Weber Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH

4 Michael, A. Weber, M.D. Jan I. M. Drayer, M.D. Hypertension Center Veterans Administration Medical Center 5901 East Seventh Street Long Beach, CA CIP-Kurztitelaufuahme der Deutschen Bibliothek Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring I [Symposium on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring, November 13, 1983, Newport Beach, California]. Michael A. Weber; Jan I. M. Drayer (eds.). With contributions by E. Beahm... ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / NE: Weber, Michael A. [Hrsg.]; Beahm, Edward [Mitverf.]; Symposium on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (1983, Newport Beach, Calif.). This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, repoduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under 54 of the German Copyright Law, where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to the publisher, the amount ot the fee to be determined by agreement with the publisher. Copyright 1984 by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Originally published by Dr. Dietrich SteinkopffVerlag, GmbH & Co. KG, Darmstadt in 1984 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1984 Editorial Assistance: Juliane K. Weller- Production: Heinz J. Schafer The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Type-Setting

5 Foreword The availability of new technologies that enable blood pressure to be measured and recorded continuously or repetitively during prolonged observation periods has created exciting opportunities for studying the physiology of blood pressure regulation and the characteristics of clinical hypertension. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has been based on three types of approach. The first of these has utilized an intra-arterial catheter that allows blood pressure to be measured directly and continuously during a full 24-hour period. The second approach is based on non-invasive techniques, and utilizes devices capable of automatically inflating conventional arm cuffs and recording blood pressures at pre-set intervals throughout the day. The third, and most simple method, has depended upon semiautomated techniques that require the subject to inflate a cuff at convenient intervals during the period of observation. During the last few years, concerted research into these differing techniques has exposed their strengths and shortcomings. Overall, however, there has been a growing perception that these approaches to the measurement of blood pressure might add considerably to the information obtained in the doctor's office by the traditional single or casual reading. This book summarizes the state of the art in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. We have divided the subject matter into three main areas: the available technologies for measuring and recording blood pressure; the use of these techniques for better understanding the physiology and characteristics of blood pressure; and the present state of our experience in employing these techniques for diagnosing and assessing therapy in patients with clinical hypertension. We believe that these innovative approaches for documenting normal and abnormal blood pressure patterns have now become critical components of clinical research studies. Moreover, the evaluation of the single patient by long-term monitoring may soon become part of the physician's diagnostic armamentarium. This book takes its origins from an international symposium on blood pressure monitoring held recently in Newport Beach under the auspices of the Hypertension Center of the Veterans Administration Medical Center, Long Beach, and the University of California, Irvine. We hope that it will provide a broad background to the subject as well as provide practical clinical and technical guidance. Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge the assistance we received from Ginger Paselk in the planning of the meeting and the handling of the manuscripts. In addition, we are grateful to Deborah Brewer and Eleanor Chard, who were most active in the organization of the meeting. Finally, we would like to thank Bruce Del Mar and Mama Schnabel for their financial contribution to the meeting. v

6 Contents Foreword... V Section I: Techniques Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: recorders, applications and analyses Harshfield GA, Pickering TG, BlankS, Lindahl C, Stroud L, Laragh JH.... Ambulatory blood pressure - direct and indirect Gould BA, Hornung RS, Cashman PMM, Raftery EB Can short-term recording of blood pressure in supine patients replace ambulatory blood pressure monitoring Clement DL, Colardyn F, Packet L, Van Maele GO Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: methods to assess severity of hypertension, variability and sleep changes Reeves RA, Johnson AM, Shapiro AP, Traub YM, Jacob R Interfacing the Del Mar Avionics Model1978 Pill system with the Apple lie computer Bolen KG, Ramsey L, Gifford RW jr Blood pressure fluctuation and amplitude in normal human subjects Weber MA, Drayer JIM, Chard ER Accuracy and reproducibility of ambulatory blood pressure recorder measurements during rest and exercise Ward A, Hanson P Adaptation to non-invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring Pessina AC, Palatini P, Sperti G, Cordone L, Ventura E, Dal Palu C Accuracy, reproducibility and usefulness of ambulatory blood pressure recording obtained with the Remler system Waeber B, Combes BJ des, Porchet M, Brunner HR Reproducibility of ambulatory blood pressure recordings Fitzgerald DJ, O'Malley, O'Brien ET Blood pressure measurement in an ambulatory setting Borhani NO, LaBaw F, Dunkle S Home and office blood pressures. Clinical observations and hemodynamic mechanisms Fouad FM, Nemec C, Tarazi RC, Textor StC, Bravo EL VII

7 Home vs clinic blood pressure in essential hypertension with and without behavioral therapy Thananopavarn Ch, Goldstein IB, Shapiro D, Golub MS, Sambhi MP Aerospace applications of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring Thornton W, Wallace J Section II: Physiology Understanding hypertension. The contribution of direct ambulatory blood pressure monitoring Raftery EB Ambulatory blood pressure in 199 normal subjects, a collaborative study Wallace JM, Thornton WE, Kennedy HL, Pickering ThG, Harshfield GA, Frohlich ED, Messerli FH, Gifford RW jr., Bolen K Non-invasive automated blood pressure monitoring in ambulatory normotensive men Drayer JIM, Weber MA, Chard ER Chronobiologic assessment of human blood pressure variation in health and disease Halberg F, Halberg E, Halberg J, Halberg F The effect of age on circadian rhythm of blood pressure, catecholamines, plasma renin activity, prolactin and corticosteroids in essential hypertension Stern N, Beahm E, Sowers J, McGinty D, Eggena P, Littner M, Nyby M, Catania R 157 Blood pressure monitors in studies of cardiovascular response Falkner B, Lowenthal DT, Kushner H Familial influences on ambulatory blood pressure: studies of normotensive twins Rose RJ The role of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the evaluation of adolescent hypertension induced by exercise Garrett BN, Salcedo JR, Thompson AM Essential hypertension in the elderly: circadian variation of arterial pressure Kobrin I, Dunn FG, Oigman W, Kumar A, Ventura HO, Messerli FH, Frohlich ED 181 Non-invasive assessment of cardiac anatomy and blood pessure in patients with borderline hypertension Dimitriou R, De Gaudemaris R, Debru JL, Camaleonte A, Dubois F, Perdrix A, Mallion JM Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure: the importance of blood pressure during work Pickering ThG, Harshfield GA, Devereux RB Usefulness of several devices for intermittent blood pressure monitoring in the assessment of the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy Jain A, McMahon FG, Ryan JR VIII

8 Section Ill: Therapy Blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients during and immediately following treatment with propranolol and clonidine Neusy AJ, Steele JM jr., Lowenstein J Evaluation of the posology of pindolol therapy of hypertension with automatic indirect ambulatory blood pressure monitoring Sheps SG, Schirger A, O'Brien PC, Spiekerman RE, Harman ThR A comparison of once daily and twice daily antihypertensive therapy with enalapril using noninvasive ambulatory BP monitoring Gradman AH, O'Keefe CL Continuous blood pressure monitoring in the evaluation of the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs Frisk-Holmberg M Intra-arterial ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the assessment of antihypertensive drugs Jones RI, Gould BA, Hornung RS, MannS, Raftery EB Effects of atenolol on 24-hour arterial pressure and heart rate in essential hypertension Ventura HO, Messerli FH, Dunn FG, Frohlich ED Subject Index Authors' Index IX