PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
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1 PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER The Project has been realised with the support of the European Union and has been co-financed by the European Social Fund *** **Molekuláris bionika és Infobionika Szakok tananyagának komplex fejlesztése konzorciumi keretben ***A projekt az Európai Unió támogatásával, az Európai Szociális Alap társfinanszírozásával valósul meg TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
2 Peter Pazmany Catholic University Faculty of Information Technology BEVEZETÉS A FUNKCIONÁLIS NEUROBIOLÓGIÁBA INTRODUCTION TO FUNCTIONAL NEUROBIOLOGY By Imre Kalló Contributed by: Tamás Freund, Zsolt Liposits, Zoltán Nusser, László Acsády, Szabolcs Káli, József Haller, Zsófia Maglóczky, Nórbert Hájos, Emilia Madarász, György Karmos, Miklós Palkovits, Anita Kamondi, Lóránd Erőss, Róbert Gábriel, Zoltán Kisvárdai, Zoltán Vidnyánszky TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
3 Wake-sleep cycle Imre Kalló & György Karmos Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Faculty of Information Technology I. The circadian rhythm II. Physiological characteristics of the sleep stages III. Brain mechanisms responsible for the wake-sleep cycle IV. Sleep disturbance TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
4 Physiology of the wake-sleep cycle The circadian rhythm Physiological characteristics of the sleep stages Brain mechanisms responsible for the wake-sleep cycle Sleep disturbance Rhytmic functions of the living organisms: heart beat, respiration, brain waves, periods, reproductive cycle, migration cycle, etc. Internally or externally driven rhythms : circadian rhythm, lunar rhythm, seasonal rhythm Internal clock-driven, synchronised rhythm (Zeitgeber) TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
5 Circadian fluctuations of human physiology CIRCADIAN RHYTHM Synchronising factor: light-dark cycle Circadian rule: diurnal animals: light intensity increase, wake/sleep ratio increases nocturnal animals: light intensity increase, wakesleep ratio decrease TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
6 Shift of the human circadian rhythm in isolated environment Activity cycle: 33,2 h Temperature cycle: 24,8 h TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
7 Activity rhythm of rats before and after SCN lesion NUCLEUS SUPRACHIASMATICUS SCN lesion GLU: glutamate GRP: gastrin-releasing peptide AVP: arginine vasopressin VIP: vasoactive intestinal peptide CAR: calterinin NPY: neuropeptide Y NA: noradrenaline 5HT: serotonin TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
8 Regulation of melatonin secretion in rat TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
9 Physiology of the wake-sleep cycle The circadian rhythm Physiological characteristics of the sleep stages Brain mechanisms responsible for the wake-sleep cycle Sleep disturbance TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
10 Sleep stages on the EEG Stages of slow wave sleep: 1.stage: low amplitude, fast activity, with a few theta wave 2-5% of sleeping time 2. stage: theta waves, Hz sleeping spindles 45-55% of sleeping time 3. stage: high amplitude theta and delta waves, 20-50% of waves >75 μv 5-10% of sleeping time 4. stage: high amplitude delta waves, 20% of waves >75 μv 15-20% of sleeping time TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
11 Operational pattern of thalamic relay cells in awake state and during slow-wave sleep TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
12 Stages of sleep during night sleep TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
13 Characteristics of NREM and REM sleep TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
14 Typical sleep phases in the cat TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
15 Ponto-Geniculo-Occipital (PGO) waves in REM sleep TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
16 Age-dependent characteristics of sleep cycles TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
17 Age-dependent characteristics of sleep cycles TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
18 Dream report-lengths during NREM and REM phases TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
19 Proportion of sensory modalities in dream reports VISION = 100% TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
20 Effect of deprivation of REM sleep TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
21 Active and inactive brain regions in REM sleep: results of PET studies TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
22 Physiology of the wake-sleep cycle The circadian rhythm Physiological characteristics of the sleep stages Brain mechanisms responsible for the wake-sleep cycle Sleep disturbance TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
23 Theories of wake-sleep regulation Passive hypothesis basic state is sleep must find a waking center Active hypothesis basik state is awake, which is inhibited must find a sleeping center Chemical factors (adenosine, interleukin-1, TNFα) Center theories Effect of sleep deprivation NREM days REM 16 hours TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
24 EEG effects of brainstem transsections (Bremer ) ENCEPHALE ISOLÉ CERVEAU ISOLÉ TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
25 Sleep evoked by low frequency stimulation of the thalamus Walter Rudolf Hess TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
26 Effect of brainstem lesions (Moruzzi and Magoun, 1949) TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
27 Reticular activating system TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
28 Deep brain single cell activities during sleep phases TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
29 Postulated mechanism of REM atonia TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
30 Elements of the brainstem activating system TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
31 Projections of the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
32 Projections of the orexin neurons TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
33 Function of the neurons participating in the regulation TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
34 Transmitter systems participating in the regulation TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
35 Model of the wake-sleep regulation TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
36 Physiology of the wake-sleep cycle The circadian rhythm Physiological characteristics of the sleep stages Brain mechanisms responsible for the wake-sleep cycle Sleep disturbance TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
37 International classification of sleep disturbances TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
38 Effect of sleep pill deprivation TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
39 Effect of travelling through several time zones TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
40 Biological rhythms and the brainstem biological clocks TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
41 Relationship between sleep and respiration OBSTRUKTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME OSAS Continuous Positive Airway Pressure CPAP TÁMOP /2/A/KMR
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
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PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Consortium members SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, DIALOG CAMPUS PUBLISHER
SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
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PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
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PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
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PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
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PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
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PETER PAZMANY CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY Development of Complex Curricula for Molecular Bionics and Infobionics Programs within a consortial* framework** Consortium leader PETER PAZMANY
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