HYPERTHERMIA: A REVIEW OF DEFINITION, SYMPTOMS, AND TREATMENT FOR THE ENDURANCE ATHLETE Authors: Brian J. Krabak, M.D., MBA, and Allen Chen, M.D.
|
|
- Bernard Johns
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 HYPERTHERMIA: A REVIEW OF DEFINITION, SYMPTOMS, AND TREATMENT FOR THE ENDURANCE ATHLETE Authors: Brian J. Krabak, M.D., MBA, and Allen Chen, M.D. Overview Hyperthermia is defined by Webster's simply as "abnormally high temperature."[1] Taken into context of the athlete, the term encompasses a myriad of syndromes and disorders that can also be grouped under the term "heat illness." Human body temperature is closely regulated by a complex system of control mechanisms, keeping a fairly regular rhythm of temperatures ranging from a low of 36 degrees Celsius in the early morning to a high of 37.5 degrees Celsius in the late afternoon.[2] Broadly, temperature regulation is determined by a balance of heat generation and heat loss. Heat is produced by metabolic processes such as breathing or running, and is lost via body surfaces such as the skin and, to a lesser extent, the lungs. Heat is lost to the environment by four major methods: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation. Conduction is heat loss through direct contact, convection is heat dissipated through air, radiation is infrared energy transmission, and evaporation releases heat through the conversion of liquid to gas.[3] Using these methods, the body regulates the amount of heat that is dissipated. Evaporation is a significant method of heat management. When the body senses a rise in temperature, the thermal center of the hypothalamus triggers dilation of surface veins and increases sweating. Evaporation of sweat cools the skin, and dilating the surface blood vessels enhances the dissipation of heat. The external environment also plays a significant role in heat regulation; when ambient temperatures exceed body temperature, heat is absorbed into the body and vice-versa.[4] Hyperthermia occurs when the body's natural ability to maintain its core temperature is compromised. It is a result of either excessive heat production by the body, excessive environmental heat, or diminished ability to dissipate heat. Several conditions exist in which temperature control by the central nervous system is impaired; these conditions are less relevant to the extreme temperature athlete and will not be discussed here. When exercising at maximal intensity, the skeletal muscles can increase their metabolic consumption by up to 20 times, with approximately 75-80% of that energy converted into Page 1 of 6
2 heat.[5] Individual athletes can produce up to 2 liters of perspiration per hour, releasing up 900 kcals of energy per hour solely through evaporation.[6] However, the body is not able to sustain this consistent cooling over time. Environmental factors, such as humidity and temperature, and internal factors, such as dehydration, can play a significant role in the body's ability to regulate heat. When the ambient temperature equals or exceeds body temperature, evaporation becomes a crucial mechanism in combating hyperthermia, a mechanism upon which the body relies for thermoregulation.[7] When the body's heat production exceeds its ability to dissipate heat, hyperthermia may ensue. Risk Factors Several risk factors are associated with heat related symptoms and syndromes, including environmental temperature greater than 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit), humidity dehydration, obesity, cardiovascular disease, strenuous exercise, burns (including sunburn), and fatigue.[8] Signs and Symptoms Heat illness encompasses a range of symptoms, from mild to severe. Heat swelling or heat edema: painless swelling of the peripheries, mostly selflimiting. No associated increase in body temperature. Heat rash (miliaria rubra): Also known as "prickly heat," this rash appears as small pinpoint red spots in areas of high sweat production, such as the trunk or groin, and mostly involves areas confined or occluded by clothing. Heat rash can be particularly itchy and uncomfortable. Heat cramps: painful, intermittent contractions of involved muscles, often as a result of overuse and salt/water imbalance. Heat syncope or fainting: Syncope from heat exposure is often a sequelae of the body's natural temperature regulation. As discussed above, increase in temperature causes a dilation of veins near the surface. This results in a relative increase in the amount of blood in the periphery and decrease in the central circulation, which supplies the brain. If an individual is upright for a long period of time or rapidly transitions from laying or sitting to standing, blood may "pool" in the lower extremities, and with dehydration and fatigue, this relative diversion of blood away from the brain may cause a syncopal, or fainting, episode. Page 2 of 6
3 Heat exhaustion: Illness associated with mild temperature elevation (37-40 degrees Celsius). Symptoms include malaise, nausea, vomiting, headache, weakness, increased heart rate, and mildly increased temperature. Sweating may be present or absent, and skin may or may not feel warm to touch, but mentation is normal. Heat Stroke: This is part of the same continuum as heat exhaustion, but heat stroke is a medical emergency, with a high mortality rate if not treated promptly and properly. Heat stroke is the third leading cause of death in athletes.[9] Symptoms include elevated temperature, usually above 40 degrees Celsius, and change in mental status, including confusion, unconsciousness, disorientation, or bizarre behavior. Seizures, diarrhea, shortness of breath, low blood pressure, and increased heart rate may also occur. This is a serious and potentially fatal condition. Treatment Treatment of heat illness depends largely on the symptom, but mostly is dependent on cooling the affected individual or giving the body ample opportunity to cool itself. Heat edema: Mostly self-limiting. Elevate legs when possible and consider supportive socks or stockings. Heat rash (miliaria rubra): Cooling and loosening clothing around the area, as well as drying the affected skin, may be helpful in resolving the rash. Consider local application of an anti-inflammatory lotion. Generally resolves on its own within 7-10 days. Heat cramps: Rest in a cool environment, if possible. Stretch and massage the affected muscle groups, and rehydrate with both fluid and electrolyte replacement. Heat syncope: Examine for any injuries, including cuts, breaks, or head and neck injuries. Keep patient in a horizontal position, or if possible raise his or her legs above head level for at least twenty to thirty minutes. If the fainting episode is due to heat and vasodilatation, it should not last long as the horizontal position should reintroduce normal blood flow to the brain. When rising, patient should maintain a sitting position for several minutes prior to standing again. Consider Page 3 of 6
4 other causes of syncope, including low blood sugar, cardiac or metabolic causes, asthma, seizure, or other trauma. Rehydrate with both fluid and electrolyte replacement. Heat exhaustion: The mainstay of treatment for heat exhaustion and stroke is reducing body temperature. With heat exhaustion, the person should be removed from sources of heat, if possible, and restrictive clothing should be removed. An oral rehydration solution with fluids and electrolytes should be given. Ice packs to the axilla, neck chest wall, and groin can be applied indirectly (without direct skin contact). With rest and cooling, this is generally a self-limiting condition. However, if unmonitored or if untreated, heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke and must be given adequate attention. Heat Stroke: Heat stroke should be aggressively managed. The individual should be removed from sources of heat if possible, and the person should be cooled as quickly as possible. As it warms above 40 degrees Celsius, the body loses its natural ability to regulate temperature, and may become more hypothermic. Restrictive clothing should be removed. Rapid cooling should be initiated, including indirect application of ice packs to the chest, neck, axilla, and groin. Evaporative cooling should be facilitated by wetting the patient s skin and fanning. If available and practical, patient may be immersed in cool water. Because of mental status changes, patient may not be safe to take fluids by mouth due to increased risk of vomiting and aspiration. Protect patient s airway as much as possible and, if available, rehydrate with intravenous fluids. Avoid medications such as aspirin or Tylenol. Heat stroke can be complicated by cardiac arrhythmias, liver damage, low blood pressure, or seizures. Continue to monitor vital signs, mental status, respiratory status, and temperature. There is no evidence to support medicinal treatment in heat stroke.[10] Patient should be transported to the nearest medical facility as soon as logistically feasible. Prevention Prevention of hyperthermia and heat illness involves measures which help the body balance heat generation and heat loss. This can be accomplished by changing both external and internal factors. External factors Page 4 of 6
5 Avoidance of direct heat or sunlight, Wearing appropriate, breathable clothing suited to the environment and temperature, Layering of clothing to allow for shedding or adding as appropriate. Internal factors Proper hydration Hydration with both fluids and electrolytes is essential for continued heat management. It is recommended that the athlete drinks 16 ounces of water of sports drink 1 hour before exertion, and continues fluid intake at 4-8 ounces every 15 to 20 minutes while exertion continues.[11] Urine color and output should be monitored closely; dark urine and/or decreased output are flags for concern. Salty foods help with electrolyte replacement, as are electrolyte enhanced sports drinks. Conditioning/acclimatization General conditioning remains important, as overweight or obese athletes have an increased risk of heat stroke.[12] In addition, specific environmental conditioning, including gradual exposure to warmer temperatures, allows for the body to sweat more efficiently (greater volume of sweat and a decreased relative concentration of electrolytes), lose heat more efficiently with greater peripheral vasodilatation, lowering heart rate, and increasing water and salt conservation by the kidneys.[13] Avoidance of certain foods and medications. Medications or food which impair sweating, also known as anticholinergics (antihistamines such as Benadyl and antidepressants fall in this category), or which contribute to dehydration (diuretics, caffeine, alcohol) should be avoided. References 1. Webster's online dictionary, 2. Simon HB, Swartz MN. Pathopsysiology of fever and fever of undetermined origin. Rubenstein E, Federman D, eds. Scientific American medicine. Scientific American. New York, Auerbach, P. Medicine for the Outdoors. The Lyons Press. New York, Page 5 of 6
6 4. Simon, HB. Hyperthermia. The New England Journal of Medicine v 329, Maugham, RJ, Watson, P, and Shirreffs, S. Heat and Cold. What does the Environment do to the Marathon Runner? Sports Medicine. 2007: 37, Simon, HB. Hyperthermia. The New England Journal of Medicine v 329, Kenefick RW, Cheuvront SN, Sawka MN. Thermoregulatory Function During the Marathon. Sports Medicine. 2007: 37, Auerbach P, Donner H, Weiss E. Field Guide to Wilderness Medicine. Mosby. Pennsylvania, Barrow MW, Clark KA. Heat-related illnesses. Am Fam Phys. 1998; 58: Howe A, Boden B. Heat-Related Illness in Atheletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2007: 35(8): Howe A, Boden B. Heat-Related Illness in Atheletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2007: 35(8): Epstein Y, Moran DS, Shapiro Y, Sohar E, Shemer J. Exertional heat stroke: a case series. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 1999; 31: Auerbach, P. Medicine for the Outdoors. The Lyons Press. New York, Page 6 of 6
2. Heat-Related Illness
2. Heat-Related Illness Only fit and heat-acclimatized athletes can participate safely. TEMPERATURE ( F) 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 Heat sensitive and unacclimatized athletes may suffer. Little danger of
More informationINTRODUCTION: DEFINITION OF HEAT ILLNESS:
Coastal Carolina University Athletic Training Department Policy and Procedure Manual Exertional Heat Illness Management Fluid Replacement/Rehydration Protocol Revised/Reviewed 3/2013 INTRODUCTION: The
More information2012 Heat Safety Kit
2012 Heat Safety Kit PREVENTING HEAT-RELATED ILLNESSES HEAT ILLNESS AND EMERGENCIES Heat-related illnesses have many factors but can be caused when an individual is subjected to extreme temperatures and
More informationGatorade Heat Safety Package
Gatorade Heat Safety Package 1. The Four Downs of Heat Safety 2. Tips to Hydrate and Fuel for the Football Season 3. Preventing Heat-Related Illnesses The 4 Downs of Heat Safety Know the plays of heat
More informationNormal cooling mechanisms Heat-related illnesses. Evaluating the risk of heat illness Controlling heat stress First aid
Normal cooling mechanisms Heat-related illnesses Evaluating the risk of heat illness Controlling heat stress First aid When body core temperature rises Blood flow to skin increases Sweating increases Heart
More informationMcHenry Western Lake County EMS System Paramedic, EMT-B and PHRN Optional Continuing Education 2018 #9 Heat Emergencies
McHenry Western Lake County EMS System Paramedic, EMT-B and PHRN Optional Continuing Education 2018 #9 Heat Emergencies As EMS providers we are called to treat several medical conditions. Heart Attacks,
More informationLesson 13: Heat Related Illnesses. Emergency Reference Guide p
Lesson 13: Heat Related Illnesses Emergency Reference Guide p. 59-64 Objectives Define heat exhaustion, heat stroke & hyponatremia Describe prevention techniques List signs/symptoms for heat related illnesses
More informationCauses. 95 F An air temperature of 95 Fahrenheit is high risk regardless of the humidity. 85 F + 60% humidity
HOT WEATHER SAFETY TIPS An important step in avoiding heat illness is adjusting practice or game length and intensity to the environmental conditions. Temperature and humidity combine to create conditions
More information2016 HEAT SAFETY KIT
2016 HEAT SAFETY KIT PREVENTING HEAT-RELATED ILLNESSES HEAT ILLNESS AND EMERGENCIES Many factors contribute to heat-related illnesses, which can occur when an individual is subjected to extreme temperatures
More informationExtreme Heat: A Prevention Guide to Promote Health and Safety
Extreme Heat: A Prevention Guide to Promote Health and Safety People suffer heat-related illness when their bodies are unable to compensate and properly cool themselves. The body normally cools itself
More informationPrevention of Heat Stress
Prevention of Heat Stress Presentation Outline What is heat stress? Body s response to heat stress Why does heat stress occur? Heat stress predisposing factors Effects of heat Prevention Management Thermoregulation
More informationFrequently Asked Questions about extreme heat and public health
PUBLIC HEALTH DIVISION Acute and Communicable Disease Prevention Program Frequently Asked Questions about extreme heat and public health Q: Who is at greatest risk for heat-related illness? A: Those at
More informationThermoregulation 2015 WMA
1 Structure: Temperature sensors Endocrine system Muscles Skin Function: Maintain body core at 37 C Problem: Too little heat Too much heat 2 Normal Body Compensation Heat Response: Vasodilation Sweat Cold
More information1 pt. 2pt. 3 pt. 4pt. 5 pt
Heat Stress Causes Risk Factors Heat Illnesses Treatment Prevention 1pt 1 pt 1 pt 1pt 1 pt 2 pt 2 pt 2pt 2pt 2 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 4 pt 4 pt 4pt 4 pt 4pt 5pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt Causes 1pt Name
More informationOverview. Physiology of Heat Stress Causal factors Heat Disorders & Health Effects Control
Overview Physiology of Heat Stress Causal factors Heat Disorders & Health Effects Control 1 Causal Factors Age, weight, degree of physical fitness Degree of acclimatization, metabolism Intercurrent illnesses
More informationPreventing Heat Illness. Carol Kennedy, RN, BSN, MS Health Promotion Lafene Health Center
Preventing Heat Illness Carol Kennedy, RN, BSN, MS Health Promotion Lafene Health Center Session Outline Hydration Perspiration (a.k.a. Sweat) Dehydration Heat Illness Cramps Exhaustion Stroke Treatment
More informationDelgado Safety Topic RECOGNITION AND PREVENTION OF HEAT RELATED ILLNESSES. Prepared by: Corey Valdary
Delgado Safety Topic RECOGNITION AND PREVENTION OF HEAT RELATED ILLNESSES Prepared by: Corey Valdary Purpose To understand the causes and preventive measures to eliminate heat stress during the Spring/Summer
More information2.5 HEALTH AND SAFETY
2.5 HEALTH AND SAFETY 2.5.1 Fundamentals of Heat Illness Prevention and Management (a) A Certified Athletic Trainer or 1 st Responder MUST be in attendance at all football practices and games. (b) The
More informationCHAIN OF COMMAND: THE FOLLOWING CHAIN OF COMMAND WILL OCCUR:
LEWISVILLE ISD COLD WEATHER POLICY Cold exposure can be uncomfortable, impair performance and even become life threatening. Conditions created by cold exposure include frostbite and hypothermia. Wind chill
More informationHENRY COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT GUIDELINES FOR OUTDOOR EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES DURING EXTREME HOT AND HUMID WEATHER
HENRY COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT GUIDELINES FOR OUTDOOR EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES DURING EXTREME HOT AND HUMID WEATHER 1. Each school shall have and use a digital psychrometer, or a similar device for measuring
More informationMaricopa Unified School District Health Services Heat Index Guidelines
Maricopa Unified School District Health Services Heat Index Guidelines Heat Index Guidelines The following guidelines are intended to assist the principal and staff with decision making during extreme
More informationTHERMOREGULATION 05 JUNE 2013
THERMOREGULATION 05 JUNE 2013 Lesson Description In this lesson we: Question the need to regulate body temperature in humans Examine the structure and functions of the different parts of the skin Look
More information2/13/2014. Lori Weichenthal, MD, FACEP Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine UCSF Fresno
Lori Weichenthal, MD, FACEP Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency Medicine UCSF Fresno 1 INTRODUCTION Thermoregulation Acclimatization Field Management of Heat Illness Solar Injury Questions and Conclusion
More informationThe human body can tolerate deep cold and sweltering
Fire United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Technology & Development Program June 2010 5100 1051 2316P MTDC Heat Illness Basics for Wildland Firefighters Joe Domitrovich and Brian Sharkey,
More informationRegulation of Body Temperature. Ass. Prof. Dr. ADEL AMRAN DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY
Regulation of Body Temperature Ass. Prof. Dr. ADEL AMRAN DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY objectives heat gain heat loss discuss the mechanisms by which the body gains or loses heat in a variety of healthy or
More informationEXERTIONAL HEAT ILLNESS
EXERTIONAL HEAT ILLNESS EXERTIONAL HEAT ILLNESS (EHI) EHI is composed of four different conditions. Heat Cramps Heat Syncope Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke HEAT CRAMPS Acute, Painful, involuntary muscle contraction
More informationSports Science News: Preventing Exertional Heat Illness: A Consensus Statement
Page 1 of 7 Print Article Sports Science News: Preventing Exertional Heat Illness: A Consensus Statement Douglas Casa, Ph.D., ATC, FACSM 01/20/2004 Last February, 20 sports medicine and exercise science
More informationAUGUST 2018 SAFETY MEETING HEAT HAZARDS
AUGUST 2018 SAFETY MEETING HEAT HAZARDS Hot weather can make us uncomfortable, and as the temperature rises, there are hot weather related conditions we should be aware of. Nearly 70 percent of Americans
More informationIndiana Soccer Hot Weather Recommendations. In all cases, age group and competitive level must be taken into consideration.
Indiana Soccer Hot Weather Recommendations In all cases, age group and competitive level must be taken into consideration. I. HEAT INDEX Heat Index can be described as what it feels like outside. By definition,
More informationPREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF HEAT-RELATED ILLNESS
PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF HEAT-RELATED ILLNESS Federal Bureau of Prisons Clinical Guidance DECEMBER 2017 Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) Clinical Guidance is made available to the public for informational
More informationMASCOUTAH LITTE INDIANS YOUTH FOOTBALL PROGRAM HEAT PREVENTION. Plan
MASCOUTAH LITTE INDIANS YOUTH FOOTBALL PROGRAM HEAT PREVENTION Plan MASCOUTAH LITTLE INDIANS YOUTH FOOTBALL PROGRAM Heat Prevention Plan Purpose: To educate and maintain a high level of safety awareness
More informationWorkers. 28/06/2016 Version number: v0
Workers Introduction The Ministry of Labour (MOL) in UAE issues a Decree every year concerning the mid-day break during the summer months for those working under the sun: 15 June-15 September between 12.30
More informationFluids, Electrolytes and Hydration. Diana Heiman, MD Associate Professor, Family Medicine Residency Director East Tennessee State University
Fluids, Electrolytes and Hydration Diana Heiman, MD Associate Professor, Family Medicine Residency Director East Tennessee State University Objectives Discuss optimum hydration and effects of dehydration
More informationFactors Affecting Temperature Regulation. Air Temperature Humidity Wind Clothing. Adaptability of the Body Fluid Intake Activity Intensity
Lexington Christian Academy Sports Medicine Exertional Heat Illness Prevention and Management Program (Developed by Team in Consultation with Team Physicians) Revised June 2010 Factors Affecting Temperature
More informationConstantly provide cold water and schedule frequent rest periods where students are encouraged to drink 2-3 glasses of water.
HEAT RELATED GUIDLELINES- All PE teachers, athletic directors, and physical education teachers should be give a hard copy for quick reference. (ifolder) Our heat guidelines are designed to protect students
More informationU.S. Soccer Federation Services Page 1 of 5 Hydration and Heat Illness Guidelines
U.S. Soccer Federation Services Page 1 of 5 Hydration and Heat Illness Guidelines Water: The Athlete s Most Important Nutrient Sources: ICSN, International Center for Sports Nutrition USOC, United States
More informationGUIDELINES FOR OUTDOOR ATHLETIC/ EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES DURING EXTREME HOT AND HUMID WEATHER
GUIDELINES FOR OUTDOOR ATHLETIC/ EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES DURING EXTREME HOT AND HUMID WEATHER Revised July 2012 The following are the Paulding County School District guidelines for outdoor extracurricular
More informationWhen Too Much Of A Good Thing Turns To Hyponatremia And How To Handle Medical Emergencies Resulting From The Texas Heat Daniel D Guzman MD
1 2 3 4 5 When Too Much Of A Good Thing Turns To And How To Handle Medical Emergencies Resulting From The Texas Heat Daniel D Guzman MD Objectives How to identify signs/symptoms of hyponatremia How to
More informationCONCUSSION/HEAD INJURY AND HEAT ILLNESS GUIDELINES
CONCUSSION/HEAD INJURY AND HEAT ILLNESS GUIDELINES WHAT IS A CONCUSSION? A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head, or by a blow to the body with the
More informationHEAT STROKE IS A SEVERE MEDICAL EMERGENCY. SUMMON EMERGENCY MEDICAL ASSISTANCE OR GET THE VICTIM TO A HOSPITAL IMMEDIATELY. DELAY CAN BE FATAL
GVGS Heat Illness information The following information was collected from various sources to be used by the Coaches, Parents and Players to ensure participant safety during times of high heat. Heat related
More informationHEAT ILLNESS & HYDRATION
HEAT ILLNESS & HYDRATION Heat illness in athletes is a serious situation, and if not handled properly can have catastrophic consequences. Because of the wide variance of situations in which heat illness
More informationEvans Middle School Practice Procedures for High Heat and Humidity
Evans Middle School Practice Procedures for High Heat and Humidity The Coweta County School System and Evans Middle School are concerned about the health and safety of all student athletes. In accordance
More informationMorteza Khodaee, MD, MPH August 2, 2013
Morteza Khodaee, MD, MPH August 2, 2013 Objectives Epidemiology Thermoregulation Risk Factors Clinical presentations Treatment Prevention Epidemiology ~9,000 high school athletes treated for EHI annually
More informationSPORTS MED Qu3 DP3 What role do preventative actions play in enhancing the wellbeing of the athlete?
SPORTS MED Qu3 DP3 What role do preventative actions play in enhancing the wellbeing of the athlete? Welcome to the third critical question in Sports Medicine - Question 3 - Dot Point 3 Critical question
More informationNorth Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH & SAFETY Safety Manual Subject: Heat Stress Number: 2-1
North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH & SAFETY Safety Manual Subject: Heat Stress Number: 2-1 Date: May 1, 2017 Amends: None Supersedes: February 1,
More informationHEAT PRODUCTION HEAT DISSIPATION
Heat Illness Shaylon Rettig, MD, MBA HEAT PRODUCTION Heat is a byproduct of the metabolic process Muscle contributes the largest amount of heat produced at rest Muscle work increases heat production Fever
More informationHEAT STRESS BLUE COLLAR SILVICULTURE LTD.
HEAT STRESS BLUE COLLAR SILVICULTURE LTD. TRAINING OVERVIEW What is heat stress Primary contributing factors Sources of heat Removal of heat from the body Personal risk factors Recognizing heat stress
More informationEast Coweta High School Practice Procedures for High Heat and Humidity
East Coweta High School Practice Procedures for High Heat and Humidity The Coweta County School System and East Coweta High School are concerned about the health and safety of all student athletes. In
More information1. (U4C2L7:F1) True or False. If you have to be out in hot environments, you must take precautions to prevent heat emergencies.
Lesson U4C2L7 FIT Questions 1. (U4C2L7:F1) True or False. If you have to be out in hot environments, you must take precautions to prevent heat emergencies. 2. (U4C2L7:F2) Why should you stay away from
More informationWAXAHACHIE INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT ATHLETIC GUIDELINES FOR PRACTICING IN HEAT ENVIROMENTS
WAXAHACHIE INDEPENDENT SCHOOL DISTRICT ATHLETIC GUIDELINES FOR PRACTICING IN HEAT ENVIROMENTS PREVENTION OF HEAT ILLNESS IS THE KEY! 1. PROVIDE UNRESTRICTED FLUIDS DURING PRACTICES AND GAMES. 2. WORKOUT
More informationPreventing Heat Stress on the Golf Course
How to Protect Employees from Heat Stress Preventing Heat Stress on the Golf Course Heat stress and heat related illnesses are a major concern in golf maintenance, especially during the hot summer months.
More informationHEAT STRESS PREVENTATIVE MEASURES
HEAT STRESS PREVENTATIVE MEASURES Facilitator s Guide What s Inside Facilitator s Guide a Overview b Getting started d Presentation Guidelines f Lesson Plan h Frequently Asked Questions 1 Introduction
More informationHeat Stress Course Outline
Heat Stress Course Outline The following outline summarizes the major points of information presented in the program. The outline can be used to review the program before conducting a classroom session,
More informationPolicy# 7-A Effective Date: 6/1/2012 Pages: 8. San Diego County Operational Area. Rehabilitation
San Diego County Operational Area Rehabilitation Policy# 7-A Effective Date: 6/1/2012 Pages: 8 Purpose: This guideline provides the San Diego County Operational Area procedures for fire personnel rehabilitation
More informationThe Environment and the Athlete New York State Association of Independent Schools. John Cottone, EdD,ATC SUNY Cortland May 4, 2010
The Environment and the Athlete New York State Association of Independent Schools John Cottone, EdD,ATC SUNY Cortland May 4, 2010 Adapting to Environmental Heat Acclimatization (approximation) Takes 2-3
More informationCOALINGA STATE HOSPITAL. NURSING POLICY AND PROCEDURE MANUAL SECTION Emergency Procedures POLICY NUMBER: 706. Effective Date: August 31, 2006
SUBJECT: HEAT RELATED CONDITIONS 1. PURPOSE: COALINGA STATE HOSPITAL NURSING POLICY AND PROCEDURE MANUAL SECTION Emergency Procedures POLICY NUMBER: 706 Effective Date: August 31, 2006 The purpose of this
More informationA day at the sauna. Boardworks Ltd How does the body react to change?
1 of 40 2 of 40 A day at the sauna 3 of 40 How does the body react to change? Saving energy? 4 of 40 Sayid has decided to save energy by staying in bed all day. How much of his energy do you think this
More informationStaying Hydrated in the Summer Heat. An Optimum Life Health Talk
Staying Hydrated in the Summer Heat An Optimum Life Health Talk As Summer Temperatures Rise Stay Hydrated! The Importance of Water Other than oxygen, water is the most needed nutrient for life A person
More informationChapter 12. Temperature Regulation
Chapter 12 Temperature Regulation Temperature Regulation Body core temperature regulation Critical for: Cellular structures Metabolic pathways Too high Protein structure of cells destroyed Too low Slowed
More informationSAFETY BULLETIN HEAT STRESS PREVENTION AMERICAN CONCRETE PUMPING ASSOCIATION
SAFETY BULLETIN HEAT STRESS PREVENTION AMERICAN CONCRETE PUMPING ASSOCIATION WWW.CONCRETEPUMPERS.COM Copyright 2010 v1.01 ACPA All rights reserved Manufacturer s recommendations supersede any and all information
More informationVERMONT PRINCIPALS ASSOCIATION POLICY for Athletic Participation in the HEAT
VERMONT PRINCIPALS ASSOCIATION POLICY for Athletic Participation in the HEAT Exercise in a hot environment with associated fluid loss and elevated body temperature can lead to: Dehydration, Heat Exhaustion,
More informationPlaying in Heat Policy
South West Sydney Academy of Sport Policy Statement: Heat exhaustion is not a trifling matter it is a serious health risk. But there are common sense steps that coaches and players can take to minimise
More informationHeat-Related Illness in the Outdoor Environment WSU-TFREC
Heat-Related Illness in the Outdoor Environment WSU-TFREC Objectives Protect employees from outdoor heat hazards by: Identifying, evaluating and controlling potential risk factors Providing information
More informationCharacterised by a high heart rate, dizziness, headache, loss of endurance/skill/confusion and nausea.
HOT WEATHER POLICY - Adapted from Sports Medicine Australia hot weather guidelines. UPDATED October 2016 Policy credit: Sports Medicine Australia has produced this set of guidelines. These guidelines are
More informationModule Summaries: The emergency plan is a crucial part of the total sports program.
Module Summaries: Summary - The Emergency Plan The emergency plan is a crucial part of the total sports program. Prior to each season and game, those individuals responsible for the program and athletes
More informationExercise increases water loss
Exercise increases water loss During normal breathing, water is added to inspired air to protect delicate respiratory cells from drying out. Increased breathing during exercise increase this loss Heat
More informationHEAT GUIDELINES HEAT RELATED ILLNESS
Heat-related illnesses, such as heat stroke and heat exhaustion can be serious and potentially life-threatening conditions. U.S. Soccer s RECOGNIZE TO RECOVER program prepared this guide for coaches, referees
More informationi2p H2O Module 3 A Bag of Water A Bag of Water Module 3 i2p H2O Tour
A Bag of Water Module 3 i2p H2O Tour Water is fundamental for life and health. The human right to water is indispensable for leading a healthy life in human dignity. It is a pre-requisite to the realization
More informationFootball First Aid: An Overview. Steven Richmond 95# Commissioner --BRYC Firefighter II, EMT-B, HTR & HZMT Tech City of Alexandria Fire and EMS
Football First Aid: An Overview Steven Richmond 95# Commissioner --BRYC Firefighter II, EMT-B, HTR & HZMT Tech City of Alexandria Fire and EMS Overview Hyperthermia (Heat Related Injuries) Concussions
More informationHYDRATION IN THE PEDIATRIC ATHLETE DANIEL HARRINGTON, DO FAMILY MEDICINE CHIEF RESIDENT UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS ST. JOHN MEDICAL CENTER
HYDRATION IN THE PEDIATRIC ATHLETE DANIEL HARRINGTON, DO FAMILY MEDICINE CHIEF RESIDENT UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS ST. JOHN MEDICAL CENTER GOALS FOR TODAY UNDERSTAND THE VARIABLES THAT MAKE HYDRATION RECOMMENDATIONS
More informationSigns and Symptoms Of Common Health Concerns
Signs and Symptoms Of Common Health Concerns New York Statewide School Health Services Center www.schoolhealthservicesny.com Phone: 585.617-2384 Fax: 585.352.9131 The pages in this chart list common symptoms
More informationSweat. There are two types of sweat glands: eccrine glands and apocrine glands.
Sweat Introduction Sweat is a clear, salty liquid. It is made by glands in your skin. Sweating is how your body cools itself. Sweating a lot is normal when it is hot or when you exercise. It is also normal
More informationCarer s booklet: Heat wave preparations and actions for vulnerable clients
Carer s booklet: Heat wave preparations and actions for vulnerable clients An initial outline: Introduction Effects of heat on the body Vulnerable clients Heat related illnesses Heat and medication How
More informationChapter 11. Nutrition and Fitness. Karen Schuster Florida Community College of Jacksonville. PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation created by
Chapter 11 Nutrition and Fitness PowerPoint Lecture Slide Presentation created by Karen Schuster Florida Community College of Jacksonville Copyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson
More informationGudielines on Heat Stress Working in Hot Environments
1.0 INTRODUCTION Gudielines on Stress Working in Hot Environments stress is the net (overall) burden on the body from a combination of factors. It includes the heat generated within the body from the work
More informationHeat Stress Among Landscape Workers
Don t Allow Hot and Humid Weather to Take Its Toll on Your Employees! This NALP webinar will deal with: INTRODUCTION Many workers in both indoor and outdoor environments are exposed to heat while working.
More informationHeat Illness in Sports. Carol Scott, MD University of Nevada, Student Health Center August 9, 2016
Heat Illness in Sports Carol Scott, MD University of Nevada, Student Health Center August 9, 2016 Goals Recognize signs and symptoms of heat related illnesses Understand immediate treatment of heat illnesses
More informationPeople maintain normal body temperature despite variations in both their metabolic activity and Ambient temperature Homeothermic animals (hot blooded)
People maintain normal body temperature despite variations in both their metabolic activity and Ambient temperature Homeothermic animals (hot blooded) Animals with body temperature changes with environmental
More informationEmergency Plan for heat stroke. If a person is showing any symptoms of heat stroke take the following action:
Appendix 3. Emergency Plan for heat exhaustion If a person is showing any symptoms of heat exhaustion take the following action: Stop the person Lie victim down Loosen and remove excessive clothing Cool
More informationClear to Steer CAMS HydrAtion AwAreneSS ProgrAM
Clear to Steer CAMS Hydration Awareness Program It is with great pleasure that I introduce our Clear to Steer program. This is an important initiative linked directly to the CAMS Safety 1st Strategy and
More informationEffective Date: 07/08/2015. Replaces: 08/21/2014 Formulated: 8/97. Reviewed: 01/18 HEAT STRESS
Page 1 of 6 POLICY: To establish guidelines for preventing and monitoring heat stress illness. DISCUSSION: It is the responsibility of the facility medical staff to provide guidelines to assist the facility
More informationRisk of Injury during Participation in Interscholastic Athletics
Risk of Injury during Participation in Interscholastic Athletics Participation in interscholastic athletics is not without risk of injury. Injuries may and do occur. Sports injuries can be severe and in
More informationSTAYING HYDRATED Serious effects of dehydration
STAYING HYDRATED Serious effects of dehydration Belinda Kerr Marketing Director Ashley Piercy Scurry County Extension Agent What percentage of your body is water? 10% 25% 50% 75% 95% Functions of water
More informationProfessional Diploma in Sports Nutrition
Professional Diploma in Sports Nutrition Module 1 Lesson 4: Hydration for Optimal Athletic Performance EQF Level 5 Professional Diploma Body Water & Electrolytes Largest component in body Approx. 45-70%
More informationEnergy Metabolism and Body Temperature
Energy Metabolism and Body Temperature Hui-ping Wang( 王会平 ), PhD Dept. of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine wanghuiping@zju.edu.cn Part I Energy metabolism Definition The metabolic processes
More informationMedical & Safety. Stay safe at Kamp Dovetail 2011
Medical & Safety Stay safe at Kamp Dovetail 2011 Seizures Seizures are very misunderstood and may be caused by many different types of conditions, such as: Insulin shock High fevers Viral infections of
More informationAthletes and coaches are well aware of the importance of training to improve their performance, a little less they know what the nutritional aspect
Athletes and coaches are well aware of the importance of training to improve their performance, a little less they know what the nutritional aspect can be a fundamental part of the preparation of an athlete.
More informationCHAPTER 10: Diet and nutrition & effect on physical activity and performance Practice questions - text book pages
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CHAPTER 10: Diet and nutrition & effect on physical activity and performance Practice questions - text book pages 144-145 1) Complex carbohydrates do not include: a. lipids. b. triglycerides.
More informationSun Safety Policy Updated January 2013 January 2014 Reviewed January 2016 Reviewed January 2017
Sun Safety Policy Updated January 2013 January 2014 Reviewed January 2016 Reviewed January 2017 Contents Objectives... 3 Guidelines for School Staff... 3 Guidelines for Parents... 4 Guidelines for Students...
More informationH Y D R AT I O N Y O U A R E W H AT Y O U D R I N K
E M P O W E R I N G I R I S H S P O RT H Y D R AT I O N Y O U A R E W H AT Y O U D R I N K 42 S P O RT F O R L I F E H Y D R AT I O N Y O U A R E W H AT Y O U D R I N K "There is no life without water"
More informationFUEL YOUR COMPETITIVE SPIRIT NUTRITION AND HYDRATION GUIDELINES FOR SERIOUS ATHLETICS
FUEL YOUR COMPETITIVE SPIRIT NUTRITION AND HYDRATION GUIDELINES FOR SERIOUS ATHLETICS ELEVATE YOUR ENERGY Carbohydrates Are King Just like automobiles, our bodies require energy to perform. Carbohydrates
More informationWellness: Concepts and Applications 8 th Edition Anspaugh, Hamrick, Rosato
Wellness: Concepts and Applications 8 th Edition Anspaugh, Hamrick, Rosato Increasing Cardiorespiratory Endurance Chapter 3 Physical Fitness Physical Fitness Performance-related fitness Health-related
More informationQuestions pertaining to the July 2012 Air Operations Safety Briefing "NTSB Safety Briefing" (See attachments Scan 003, Scan 004 and Scan 005):
Attached are the IAWG Staff Ground and Air Operations Safety Briefings for June 2012. You will also need to go to the National Headquarters site to read over the June 2012 issue of the National CAP Safety
More informationHeat Exhaustion. Heavy sweating Paleness Muscle cramps Tiredness Weakness Dizziness Headache
Athletic Heat Management Plan 2018-2019 ACPS is committed to safe practice and provides a Heat Management Plan to ensure that on an annual basis administrators, athletic directors, athletic trainers, coaches,
More informationLESSON 2. Section I. GENERAL INFORMATION 2-1. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW THE PATIENT'S TEMPERATURE?
LESSON 2 Section I. GENERAL INFORMATION 2-1. WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW THE PATIENT'S TEMPERATURE? a. To Determine the Cause of the Patient's Condition. When a person becomes ill, one of the first things
More informationFUEL YOUR COMPETITIVE SPIRIT NUTRITION & HYDRATION GUIDELINES FOR SERIOUS ATHLETES
FUEL YOUR COMPETITIVE SPIRIT NUTRITION & HYDRATION GUIDELINES FOR SERIOUS ATHLETES E N H A N C E Y O U R H Y D R A T I O N Adequate hydration is imperative when you re physically active. Otherwise, you
More informationThe Right Fluids and Foods
The Right Fluids and Foods Handout 6-1 In addition to getting enough fluid, getting the right type of fluid is important. A rule of thumb is to try to drink 4 to 8 ounces (i.e., 1/2 to 1 cup) of cool water
More informationGood hydration checklist
Good hydration checklist Staying hydrated is very important because our bodies need the right balance of water and electrolytes to help them function properly. Drink the right amount and types of fluid
More informationSECTION/TOPIC: General Operations NUMBER: 4.7 ISSUE DATE: No Revisions. These SOPs/SOGs are based on FEMA guidelines FA-197
TITLE: Firefighter Rehabilitation 4.7 Firefighter Rehabilitation City of Oak Point Department of Public Safety Fire Department SECTION/TOPIC: General Operations NUMBER: 4.7 ISSUE DATE: 01.21.2015 APPROVED
More informationPREVENTING & TREATING HEAT-RELATED ILLNESSES
PREVENTING & TREATING HEAT-RELATED ILLNESSES According to medical experts, all heat-related illnesses, if not preventable, are survivable. Heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heat stroke are the result of
More information