Index. Behaviour, posthypnotic see Posthypnotic behaviour
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1 Index Amnesia, posthypnotic see Posthypnotic amnesia Analgesia, hypnotic see Pain Animal hypnosis, 4 duration of, affected by caffeine and X-rays, as emotional reaction, 69 emotional stress, role of, in human and, Pavlovian views on, 47-48, 69-71, 88 in rabbit, relation between human and, 67, 78-79, 88 See also Immobilization in animals Animal magnetism, 1-2 Royal Commissions (1784) on, 1-2 Autogenic (auto hypnotic) training autogenic shift and "passive" concentration in, state, 52, 53, 55 concentration in, "heat conveyance", changes in, during, , -, during hypnosis and, 61-62, 65 -, as measure of skin temperature, , pharmacological changes in, during hypnosis and, 65 meditation as autohypno,is, 42 mental attitude different in various stages of, pain reduction and stress resistance through, peripheral circulation, changes in, during hypnosis and, physical (physiological) vasoregulatory factors in, psychological vasoregulatory factors in, 61, 64 relaxation in, stages of, stress response, hypnotic susceptibility, and, vegetative regulation, voluntan', in, visceral regulation, voluntary, in, Autohypnosis see Autogenic training Behaviour, posthypnotic see Posthypnotic behaviour BERNHEI\r, H., 1,2,5 BRAID, ]., 2 BREUER, ]., 199 CHARCOT, J. :M., 1, 2, 123 Emotional stress degree of, dependent on need, and on lack of information, 67-68, fear (defensive dominant) as adaptive reaction in, 68 in hypnosis of animals and man, imitative behaviour (mass panic) as adaptive reaction in, 69 and immobilization (motor inhibition) in animals, 67, 69-70, 72-75, 77 stage emotion and hypnosis, 79-83, 85 vegetative shifts as measure of, in hypnosis, 68, 69, 76, 79, 84 Experimental psychology and amnesia, hypnotic, and analgesia, hypnotic, arousal and cognition, hypnosis in study of, contribution of hvpnosis to,
2 204 Index contribution of, to study of hypnosis, 5,7, dreams and sleep, hypnosis in study of, and hallucinations, hypnotic, and hypnosis, 5, 7, information (memory) storage and retrieval, hypnosis in study of, specificity of psychosomatic effects, hypnosis in study of, 135 and suggestibility and depth of trance, effects of induction on, and susceptibility (hypnotizability), 3, 5, FERENCZI, S., 5, 199 FREUD, S., 132, Habituation absent in meditation, 42 in hypnotic suggestion, mechanisms at level of macroresponses, at neuronal level in rabbit and mollusc, for selective, selective, induced by indifferent stimuli, selectivity of, during sleep, Hypnosis (Introductory chapter) animal, 4 animal magnetism, 1-2 evolution of research on, 1-7 experimental psychology and, 5, 7 historical outline, 1-3 hypnotizability, 3, 5 as incomplete sleep, 4 motor inhibition in, 4 physiology and, 4, 7 prospects of research on, 3 psychoanalysis and, 5-7 psychological characteristics (Hilgard) of, 5 REM ("dreaming") sleep and, 3, 4 resistance towards, 2-3 "sensory deprivation" and, 6 suggestibility and, 5 suggestion and, 2 "waking points" in, 4 Hypnotic relationship as based on collusive deception, 201 controlling forces of, as ego-regression of functions, 200 and erotic submissiveness, 200 and identification, 200 as not necessarily involved in hypnosis, 200 psychoanalytical theories of, Hypnotic suggestion, direct "behaviour" as motor response in, 13,14 expectancy of association of stimuli in, 17, 18 habituation of stimuli in, hallucinated experience in, 14-16, 18 immunological control by, reaction inhibited by, information (informational mechanisms) in, 10-15, 18, 25 - storage in, theory and, "memory" (mechanism) in, 13-14, 16,18,25 - storage of stimuli in, "mind" and, 10, 11, 20, 21 "mind" and immunological reaction, 20, 21, 25 neurological control by, physiological control by, plasma-cortisol, psychological effects on, and, probability of association of stimuli in, "reticular projection" of stimuli in, 12,13 Hypnotic susceptibility (hypnotizability), 3, 5, 84-85, autohypnotic training, stress response, and, EEG alpha rhythms and, experimental psychology and, 3, 5, , ischaemic pain relieved under hypnosis, and, as most important subject variable in hypnosis, pain reduction and, ,
3 Index 205 and personality, , anxiety as a moderator of relation between, psychoanalytically unexplained, 202 psychophysiologyof, stress resistance and, , thermal, and, H ypnotization cerebral mechanisms of arousal and inhibition in, 28, 32-33, 37, conditioned activity, features of, reproduced in, 71-73, 79-80,84, 85 and emotional stress, hippocampus in arousal from, imitative behavioural mechanisms as neurophysiological basis of, 79, 84 subcortical mechanisms of arousal and, ~~ession of events in human, 84 and suggestibility and depth of trance, , and susceptibility (hypnotizability), 3, 5, , verbal signals and conditioned inhibition in, 79-80, 84, 85 and influence on vegetative functions in, 79-83, 84 Immobilization (motor inhibition, akinesia) in animals by abnormal (forced) posture, 28, 29,31,32,37,67,69,72-75 as adaptive reaction to ward off aggression, cerebral mechanisms of, 28, 32-33, 37, by dorso-lumbar pressure, 30-32, 35,36-37 effect of caffeine and X-rays on, efferent discharges inhibited in, and electrocortical activity, 33-35, emotional stress and, 67, 69-70, 72-75,77 - lessened by, 77 escape (flight) movements inhibited in, 28-29, 30-31, 37 reticular formation (supraspinal) and,28,32-33,37, by sensory stimuli, 28, 29, thalamic nuclei (midline) and, and "transmarginal" inhibition, by visual stimuli (light flicker), 28, 29,35-37 See also Animal hypnosis LIEBEAULT, A. A., 2, 4 Meditation as autohypnosis, 42 habituation absent in, 42 psychedelic drug action distinct from, 43 Yogi,43 Zen, Nancy School, 2, 182 n. Pain blood pressure (finger) responses to, in real and simulated hypnotic analgesia, cold-pressor responses to, in waking and hypnosis, , and physiological correlates in hypnotic analgesia, experienced, reliability of verbal reports as measures of, 141 -, social and psychological influences on, 139 ischaemic, relieved in highly susceptible subjects under hypnosis, mechanisms and sensory pathways, 111 physiological responses to, less during hypnotic analgesia, 157 reduction, hypnotic, 107, 111, , , -, psychophysiology of, , -, as related to susceptibility, , by posthypnotic suggestion,
4 206 Index and stress resistance through autohypnosis, , -, under hypnosis, stimuli, blockade of, in hypnosis, 107, 111 PAVLOV, 1. P., 2, 4, 6, 28, , 69-71, 80,88 Pavlovian theory of hypnosis, ,88 and animal hypnosis, , 69-71, 88 conditioned reflex and, 48 critical evaluation of, 45, dissociation of cerebral function in, 46,88 excitation in, , 49 an human hypnosis, , 88 hypnosis as incomplete sleep in, 46, 88 hypnotic rapport in, 46 "hypnotic sleep" in, 49 induction in, 46 inhibition in, , 49, , "transmarginal", in, non-rem sleep and, 49 relation between hypnosis and sleep in, , 49 stereotype (standard scheme) of perceptive act in, 80 suggestion in, 46 "watch point (zone)", ("waking point") in,4, 46, 48 Posthypnotic amnesia of information (recall or content amnesia), 111, 117, 130 -, subjective sleep in, transformed into source amnesia, 118, 121 levels of consciousness in hypnotic and, memory processes in hypnotic and, picture test in source amnesia, reactualization of information (words) in, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121 -, "forcing" of, in, 116, 117 -, lesser capacity for, in information amnesia, 119 reproduction and recognition test (words) in source amnesia, of source, , 130 in all cases, and peculiarities of hypnosis, ( ) -, several forms of, 120 -, tests in, as unconscious reproduction and recognition, 121 stored information, deblocking of, in, 117, (memory), its recognition or reproduction, and states of consciousness, for trance, suggested rather than spontaneous, 129 two types of, complex interaction between, 118, 119, 121 -, in same subject, differing views on, 117 Posthypnotic behaviour, in clinical situations, in experimental situations, persistence of, simulating controls used in experimental studies of, See also Posthypnotic suggestion Posthypnotic suggestion nature of, pain reduction by, of sleep-talking while dreaming, 133 See also Posthypnotic behaviour Pre-sleep patterns, hypnosis and, Psychology, experimental see Experimental psychology Salpetriere School, 2, 182 n. Sensory pathways dorsal column-medial lemniscus, dorsal horn-lamina 5 of grey matter, hypnotic analgesia (anaesthesia) and, 107, 111 pain mechanisms and, 111 painful stimuli, blockade of, in hypnosis, 107, 111 physiology of controls on, sensory mechanisms, models of, , theories of, thalamus (ventral posterior lateral nucleus) in, 109, 111
5 Index 207 Sleep akinetic state distinct from, 34 drowsiness, 40, 41, habituation, selective, during, hypnosis as incomplete, 4, 46, 88 and pre-sleep patterns, and its relation to, 3, 4, 28, 34, 40-43,46-47,49 as special form of wakefulness, rather than of, 85 as state between wakefulness and, 28, 46, 78, 88 in study of dreaming and, non-rem (light), 40-41, 42 -, hypnagogic dreaming in, 41 -, and hypnosis, 49 -, subdivisions (Gastaut) of, REM ("dreaming"), 3, 4, 40, 42, 132 sleep-talking while dreaming, posthypnotic stimulation of, 133 slow-wave (deep), 40, 42 suggested ("hypnotic"), 49 Yogi meditation and, 43 Zen meditation and, Suggestion, hypnotic see Hypnotic suggestion Suggestion, posthypnotic see Posthypnotic suggestion Wakefulness hippocampus in arousal from hypnosis, hypnosis as special form of, 85 - as state between sleep and, 28, 46,78,88 subcortical mechanisms of arousal from hypnosis, "Watch point (zone)", ("guardian or waking point"), 4, 46, 48-49
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