Unit 1: Human body: combination I - IV

Transcription

1 Unit 1: Human body: combination I - IV Study online at quizlet.com/_1kzmm2 1. alveoli 6. bronchioles microscopic air sacs in the lung where diffusion of the respiratory gases, oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs 7. capillaries airways in the lungs that lead from the bronchi to the alveoli. 2. arteries 3. blood any of the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all parts of the body 8. carbon dioxide microscopic blood vessels that exchange nutrients and waste a circulating connective tissue made of plasma, cells, and platelets Fr: sang 9. carpals CO2 4. bowel intestine 5. bronchial tubes small respiratory passages that connect the trachea to the lungs wrist bones

2 10. cell 13. femur 11. cerebellum basic unit of life Fr: cellule 14. fibula thigh bone 12. cerebrum the part of the brain that smoothes and coordinates movement 15. gall bladder calf bone largest part of the brain; coordinates thought, reasoning, movement, and memory, includes the cerebral cortex and the white matter beneath it. an organ that stores bile and releases it as needed into the small intestine Fr: vésicule biliaire

3 16. heart 20. large intestine 17. humerus a hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. the last section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed from food and the remaining material is eliminated from the body 21. larynx 18. involuntary muscle 19. joint the long bone of the upper arm that extends from shoulder to elbow a muscle that works on its own 22. ligament the voice box a place in the body where two bones come together strong connective tissue that holds bones together in movable joints

4 23. liver 26. metacarpals a large solid organ that lies in the right upper quadrant immediately below the diaphragm; it produces bile, stores glucose for immediate use by the body, and produces many substances that help regulate immune responses. Fr: liver 27. metatarsals hand bones 24. lungs foot bones one of the pair of organs for breathing found in the chest. The lungs take in oxygen from the air and remove carbon dioxide from the blood. 28. mouth 25. medulla Oral cavity Fr: bouche the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing.

5 29. nerve 33. organ 30. nose bundle or bundles of neuron fibers surrounded by connective tissue Fr: nerf a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body 34. oxygen 31. nostril a body part on the face just below the eyes, through which air passes and through which one smells 35. pancreas O2 either of two openings in the nose. Fr: narine 32. (o)esophagus an organ of the digestive system that produces a fluid that neutralizes stomach acid and chemicals that help finish digestion. the passage for food from the mouth to travel to the stomach

6 36. patella 39. pharynx knee cap Fr: rotule an area in the vertebrate throat where air and food passages cross. 37. pelvis 40. radius 38. phalanges the wide basin-shaped set of bones at the bottom of the body that the legs and spine are connected to Bone in forearm "on the thumb side", larger in the proximal forearm. 41. reflex an involuntary and almost immediate movement in response to a stimulus 42. respiration bones of the fingers and toes breathing, inhalation and exhalation of air

7 43. ribs 47. small intestine 44. sensory nerve narrow bones that curve around the body 48. spinal cord digestive organ in which most chemical digestion and absorption of food takes place 45. skeleton nerves which send messages to the central nervous system. 49. stomach nerves that run up and down the length of the back and transmit most messages between the body and brain 46. skull the inner framework made up of all the bones of the body a muscular and elastic sac that serves mainly to store food, break it up mechanically, and begin chemical digestion of proteins and fat. the bones of the head that surround and protect the brain

8 50. tarsals 53. tissue 51. tendon ankle bones 54. (to) breathe a group of similar cells that perform a specific function. Fr: respirer 55. (to) choke strong connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone to stop breathing because something is blocking your throat 52. tibia 56. (to) exhale shin bone to breathe out

9 57. (to) inhale 61. ventricle to breathe in 58. trachea a lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out to the lungs and body 62. vertebrae 59. ulna the windpipe; tube leading from the larynx to the lungs; a passage through which air moves in the respiratory system 63. voluntary muscle 26 small bones that make up your backbone a muscle that can be consciously controlled 60. veins Inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached to the wrist and located on the side of the little finger. blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart