Tobacco control: Best practices. Tara Singh Bam The Union Asia Pacific, Singapore

Transcription

1 Tobacco control: Best practices Tara Singh Bam The Union Asia Pacific, Singapore

2 Indonesia is a recognized tobaccofriendly market with no smoking bans or other restrictions and regulations in contrast to neighboring ASEAN countries.

3 Tobacco emergency About 800 million adult men worldwide smoke cigarette (20% in high income and 80% in low income countries) Nearly 200 million adult women worldwide smoke cigarette Each year Tobacco kills more than 5 million worldwide and > 200,000 people in Indonesia World cigarette consumption (5.9 trillion) by region, 2009 Source: World Health Organization

4 Global Deaths per Year (millions) Tobacco Is Now the World s Leading Single Agent of Death Tobacco Lower Resp Infect AIDS Diarrheal Disease TB Traffic Injuries Malaria Measles Unless urgent action is taken, tobacco will soon kill twice as many people and could kill 1 billion people this century Source: World Health Organization

5 Interventions are needed prevent youth from starting to use tobacco encourage and help users to quit

6 180 parties The International Responses

7 MPOWER- A key strategy monitor tobacco use and prevention policies protect people from tobacco smoke offer help to quit tobacco use warn about the dangers of tobacco enforce bans on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship raise taxes on tobacco Source: World Health Organization

8 Effective policy reduces smoking-related deaths The evidence from 41 countries Deaths averted by million 7 million Warnings on packages Offer cessation Enforce marketing bans 6 million Protect air 5 million 4 million Raise tobacco taxes 3 million 2 million 1 million 0 million Source: Levy et al "Smoking-related deaths averted due to three years of policy progress", Bulletin, WHO 2013, 91:

9 Best Practices Pictorial Health Warnings

10 Pictorial Health Warnings are effective Educate people on danger of tobacco use Motivate smokers/tobacco users to quit Convince youth not to start smoking/tobacco use Re-convince ex-tobacco users to remain quitter

11 120 Countries requiring picture warnings on cigarette packages Source: Cigarette packaging health warnings. International Status Report 2016, Canadian Cancer Society Global Tobacco Epidemic World Health Organization

12 50%+ Countries/jurisdictions requiring warnings of at least 50% of package (on average) Source: Cigarette packaging health warnings. International Status Report 2016, Canadian Cancer Society Global Tobacco Epidemic World Health Organization

13 Pictorial Health Warning in South and South East Asian Countries 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 90% 85% 85% 85% 80% 75% 75% 75% 55% 55% 50% 50% 50% 50% 40% Source: Cigarette packaging health warnings. International Status Report 2016, Canadian Cancer Society Global Tobacco Epidemic World Health Organization

14 Larger Pictorial Health Warning Nepal 90% Thailand 85% India 85% Sri Lanka 80% Myanmar 75% Brunei 75% Lao PDR Malaysia 55%

15 Indonesian Tobacco Industries fully comply other countries laws Nepal 90% Brunei 75% Plain Packaging Australia

16 Cigarettes produced in Indonesia carry a 90% pictorial health warning on packaging for Nepal, 75% PHW for Brunei and plain packaging for Australia Nepal 90% Brunei 75% Plain Packaging Australia

17 Myanmar- Comparison between text and pictorial health warning in building public awareness on danger of tobacco use Not scary Scary Not scary Scary 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 34.1% 85.9% 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 37.6% 88.1% Text warning Pictorial Warning Text warning Pictorial warning Adult population Youth population Source- Ministry of Health, Myanmar 2014

18 Evidences proved that PHWs are effective In Thailand, nine out of 10 current smokers noticed a pictorial health warning on cigarette packs, and six in 10 current smokers intended quitting because of PHW (GATS 2011) In Australia, PHW and plain packaging was found effective. Number of adolescents currently smoking reduced by more than 70 per cent, from 23.5% in 1996 to 6.7% in 2014 (Dessaix A et al Public Health Res Pract. 2016).

19 Larger pictorial health warnings are effective PHW made the smokers to reduce cigarettes smoked/day Indonesia Nepal Cigarettes smoked (text warnings) 27% 11 Cigarettes smoked (PHW) Cigarettes smoked (text warnings) 55% 5 Cigarettes smoked (PHW) Source: Indonesian Public Health Association, 2015 (N=5355, current smokers 1901) Action Nepal and Nepal Health Research Council, 2015 ( N = 2250, current smokers - 670)

20 Retailers support Pictorial health warnings policies and implementation Indonesia (N = 1425) Nepal (N = 270) 84.6% of the retailers support government policy on pictorial health warnings 90% of the retailers were found selling cigarettes with pictorial health warning 92.6% of the retailers support government policy on pictorial health warnings 99.3% of the retailers were found selling cigarettes with pictorial health warnings Source: Tobacco Control Support Centre, Indonesian Public Health Association, 2015 Action Nepal and Nepal Health Research Council, 2015

21 Indonesia: RI farmers support tougher tobacco control, study says - 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 62.5% Current tobacco farmers 83.3% Ex-tobacco farmers 70.4% All Don't know Not support Support Source: Muhammadiyah University Yogyakarta, October 2015

22 Public Health WINS UK- Tobacco companies have lost a High Court challenge over government standardised packaging 19 May 2016 European Union (EU)- Tobacco companies have lost a legal challenge against EU rules that force them to put graphic images on cigarette packages warning people of the dangers of smoking 4 May 2016 India Supreme Court ruling to require 85% pictorial health warning 4 May 2016 India - The Supreme Court issued notice to the Health Ministry on a PIL which sought immediate implementation of plain packaging rules for cigarette and other tobacco products 8 March 2016

23 Summary Larger PHWs are more effective All segments of community support PHW; public, youth, retailers and tobacco farmers PHW is the most cost effective strategy No cost to government, easy to implement and monitor Government commitments

24 Indonesia: Let s join hands together to increase a size pictorial health warning to at least 90% Text warning 40% PHW 90% PHW Plain packaging Indonesia- ready for larger pictorial health warning and plain packaging