Community Meetings 2006

Transcription

1 Community Meetings 2006 Health Status Report for South Boston April 12, 2006 Presented by the Boston Public Health Commission

2 Boston Neighborhoods Charlestown Allston- Brighton Back Bay Fenway Roxbury South End East Boston North End South Boston Jamaica Plain North Dorchester West Roxbury Roslindale Mattapan South Dorchester Hyde Park MAP PREPARATION: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

3 South Boston At a Glance: Key Population Characteristics Stable population: In 2000, the population of South Boston was 29,938, not that different from 29,433 in South Boston ranks in the lower ½ in population out of Boston s 16 neighborhoods. Age: Age distribution is similar to Boston as a whole Slightly higher population 65+ Slightly lower population between 0-17 years old Six BHA developments: 3 elderly and disabled; 3 family; TOTAL number of residents = 5,498 Almost 40% of the residents at these developments are Latino Elderly /Disabled: Foley, West 9 th St, Monsignor Powers (247 units ranging from efficiency up to 2 BR apts) Family: Mary Ellen McCormack, Old Colony, West Broadway, (2,568 units ranging from 1 BR up to 6 BR)

4 Key Population Characteristics, continued Lots of English Speakers: English is spoken at home by 83% of South Boston residents as compared to 67% for Boston overall. 5% of South Boston residents speak a language other than English at home: e.g., Russian, German, Polish, French, Italian, and other Indo-European languages. Spanish is the language spoken at home by 7%, and Chinese by 2% of South Boston residents. Increasing racial diversity: : Growing numbers of Black, Asian and Latino residents live in South Boston. Increasing ethnicity: : Europe 3% (including Ireland, UK, Italy, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, and other Eastern European countries); Asia 3% (including China, Southeast Asia); Caribbean 4% (including Dominican Republic and Haiti).

5 Racial and Ethnic Makeup South Boston and Boston 2000 Other Race 1% 2 or More Races 1% Asian 4% Black 2% Latino 7% Other Race 2% 2 or More Races 3% Asian 8% Black 23% White 49% South Boston White 85% Latino 14% BOSTON DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, American FactFinder, Census 2000 DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

6 Population by Age Group South Boston and Boston years 20% 65+ years 13% 0-17 years 18% years 9% years 18% 65+ years 10% 0-17 years 20% years 16% South Boston years 40% years 36% BOSTON DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, American FactFinder, Census 2000 DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

7 3 Key Health Issues in Your Neighborhood and What You Can Do About Them Overweight & Obesity Cancer (Breast, Prostate, Lung) Substance Abuse

8 Overweight & Obesity

9 What Health Problems Does Overweight & Obesity Cause or Make Worse? Diabetes High blood pressure High cholesterol Heart disease/stroke Asthma Arthritis Certain cancers (especially breast, uterus, colon, esophagus)

10 Percentage of Respondents Determined to be Overweight or Obese Boston Adults Who Are Overweight or Obese by Race/Ethnicity, Boston, 1999, 2001, and 2003* 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 48% 22% 63% 56% 44% 0% Boston Asian Black Latino White *Boston samples only NOTE: The term obesity refers to all levels of excess weight combined. DATA SOURCE: Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Boston Public Health Commission DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

11 100% Adults Who Are Overweight or Obese by Neighborhood, Boston, 1999, 2001, and 2003* Percentage of Respondents 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 48% BOSTON Allston/Brighton 37% 31% 45% 59% 31% 59% 41% 63% Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester 63% 57% 56% North End Roslindale Roxbury South Boston 58% 58% 36% 45% South Dorchester South End West Roxbury *Boston samples only **Insufficient sample DATA SOURCE: Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Boston Public Health Commission DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office **

12 Percentage of Respondents Inadequate Physical Activity by Neighborhood Boston, 2001 and 2003* 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 36% 77% 69% 64% 63% 66% 61% 56% 56% 58% 55% 53% 48% 49% 47% BOSTON Allston/Brighton 37% Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury *Boston samples only **Insufficient sample NOTE: Inadequate physical activity means having no physical activity or less than 30 or more minutes, five or more times a week. DATA SOURCE: Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Boston Public Health Commission DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office **

13 Inadequate Fruit and Vegetable Consumption* by Neighborhood, Boston, 2003 Percentage of Respondents 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 87% 77% 78% 75% 74% 71% 72% 72% 74% 72% 72% 69% 71% 64% 65% BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End Roslindale Roxbury West Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End *Less than recommended daily amount of five or more servings a day. **Insufficient sample DATA SOURCE: Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Boston Public Health Commission DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office ** **

14 Diabetes Mortality: Age-Adjusted Adjusted Rates by Neighborhood, Boston, BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury DATA SOURCE: Boston resident deaths, Massachusetts Department of Public Health DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office Deaths per 100,000 Population

15 Heart Disease Mortality: Age-Adjusted Adjusted Rates by Neighborhood, Boston, Deaths per 100,000 Population BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End DATA SOURCE: Boston resident deaths, Massachusetts Department of Public Health DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury

16 40% Adults Who Are Current Smokers by Neighborhood, Boston, 1999, 2001, 2003* Percentage of Respondents 30% 20% 10% 0% 24% 21% BOSTON Allston/Brighton 20% 20% 23% 20% 23% 19% 17% 14% Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester 15% North End Roslindale Roxbury 29% 26% 20% 21% 19% ** South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury *Boston samples only **Insufficient sample DATA SOURCE: Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Boston Public Health Commission DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

17 What Can You Do to Reduce the Risk of Becoming Overweight or Obese? Focus on eating healthy foods Avoid sugary sodas, snack foods Reduce portion sizes and eat smaller, more frequent meals Try to exercise daily Talk to your primary care doctor Boston Steps Program: Old Colony Tenants Association: South Boston Steppers Boston Harbor Association ABCD, Inc.: South Boston Head Start

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19 BREAST CANCER

20 What Increases the Chances of Getting Breast Cancer? Age (chance increases with age) Excessive alcohol intake Family history Postmenopausal hormone use Physical inactivity Obesity Environmental factors

21 Ever Had a Mammogram* by Race/Ethnicity Boston, 1999, 2001, and 2003** 100% 93% 95% 93% 90% Percentage of Respondents 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Boston Black Latino White *Women Ages 40 and over **Boston samples only DATA SOURCE: Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Boston Public Health Commission DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

22 Breast Cancer Mortality: Age-Adjusted Adjusted Rates by Neighborhood, Boston, n<5 0 BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury DATA SOURCE: Boston resident deaths, Massachusetts Department of Public Health DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office Deaths per 100,000 Population

23 What Can You Do to Reduce the Risk of Breast Cancer? Get regular mammograms Avoid excessive intake of alcohol Maintain a normal weight with exercise and a diet low in fat and high in fruits and vegetables Increase physical activity Join community efforts like REACH 2010 Breast and Cervical Cancer Coalition to promote health & combat cancer

24 Pink and Black Campaign

25 PROSTATE CANCER

26 What Increases the Chances of Getting Prostate Cancer? Age (chance increases with age, especially after age 50) Race Family history Diet rich in animal fat, meat, and high-fat dairy products Physical inactivity

27 Ever Had PSA Test for Prostate Cancer* by Race/Ethnicity, Boston, 1999, 2001, and 2003** 100% Percentage of Respondents 80% 60% 40% 20% 60% 65% 77% 0% Boston Black White *Ages 40 and over for Black men and ages 50 and over for White men **Boston samples only DATA SOURCE: Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Boston Public Health Commission DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

28 Prostate Cancer Mortality: Age-Adjusted Adjusted Rates by Neighborhood, Boston, n<5 n<5 0 BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury DATA SOURCE: Boston resident deaths, Massachusetts Department of Public Health DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office Deaths per 100,000 Population

29 What Can You Do to Reduce the Risk of Prostate Cancer? Get regular check-ups with your doctor/provider Discuss when it is best to obtain the PSA screening test Join community efforts to promote health & combat cancer

30 LUNG CANCER

31 What Increases the Chances of Getting Lung Cancer? Smoking (over 85% of lung cancers are caused by smoking) Second-hand tobacco smoke Asbestos Radon Other cancer-causing causing agents

32 40% Adults Who Are Current Smokers by Neighborhood, Boston, 1999, 2001, 2003* Percentage of Respondents 30% 20% 10% 0% 24% 21% BOSTON Allston/Brighton 20% 20% 23% 20% 23% 19% 17% 14% Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester 15% North End Roslindale Roxbury 29% 26% 20% 21% 19% ** South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury *Boston samples only **Insufficient sample DATA SOURCE: Behavioral Risk Factor Survey, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Boston Public Health Commission DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

33 Lung Cancer Mortality: Age-Adjusted Adjusted Rates by Neighborhood, Boston, BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury DATA SOURCE: Boston resident deaths, Massachusetts Department of Public Health DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office Deaths per 100,000 Population

34 What Can You Do to Prevent Lung Cancer? Don t smoke If you do smoke, try to quit Eliminate second hand smoke

35 BPHC Health Initiatives Cancer program Screening and education about cancer Steps to a Healthy Boston Walking groups, smoking cessation Smoke-Out Campaign Substance Abuse Services Treatment for alcohol or substance abuse Health Connection Van Screening for skin and prostate cancer, education about all forms of cancer Mammography Van Screening for breast cancer

36 SUBSTANCE ABUSE

37 Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions by Year: Boston, Number of Treatment Admissions 24,000 18,000 12,000 6,000 21,113 21,868 18,765 20,004 18,413 19,126 21,150 20,304 16, NOTES: An individual client may be admitted to more than one program or treatment session. Data shown are for fiscal years July 1996 through June DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Substance Abuse Services, Substance Abuse Management Information System (SAMIS) DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

38 Gaps in access to Boston detoxification centers & follow up care Hundreds of people turned away weekly Only 140 community-based beds available; including hospital- based beds, Boston now has 189 left of the original 311 beds. According to a BPHC survey of detox centers, we estimate 250 people a week are unable to find a bed Uninsured individuals face extra challenges 78% of failed attempts to access detox centers were by the uninsured Of the 140 community-based beds, only about 38 are available for the uninsured Emergency room visits related to substance abuse have increased in last 3 years People unable to go to community detox end up in ERs which are $2,400 more expensive than hospital inpatient care for a 3 day stay

39 Substance Abuse Mortality by Race/Ethnicity and Year: Age Adjusted Rates, Boston, Deaths per 100,000 Population Black Latino White BOSTON NOTES: The rates for years prior to 2003 have been updated and may differ from those reported in previous publications. These data do not include persons of Asian, Other, or Unknown race/ethnicity except in the Boston overall count and rate. There were too few substance abuse deaths among Asians during each year of to permit the separate presentation of rates. DATA SOURCE: Boston resident deaths, Massachusetts Department of Public Health DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

40 Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions by Type of Drug Use, South Boston and Boston, 2004 Alcohol 25% Cocaine, Crack 4% Heroin,Other Opiates 50% Alcohol 36% Heroin, Other Opiates 67% Marijuana and Other 2% Marijuana and Other 6% Cocaine, Crack 8% South Boston BOSTON NOTES: An individual client may be admitted to more than one program or treatment session. Data shown are for fiscal year July 2003 through June 30, DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Substance Abuse Services, Substance Abuse Management Information System (SAMIS) DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

41 Heroin and Other Opiate Treatment Admissions by Age Group, South Boston and Boston, 2004 Ages % Ages <30 33% Ages <30 61% Ages % South Boston n=685 BOSTON n=8,389 NOTES: An individual client may be admitted to more than one program or treatment session. Data shown are for fiscal year July 2003 through June DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Substance Abuse Services, Substance Abuse Management.Information System (SAMIS) DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

42 Percentage of Total Admissions Percentage of Heroin and Other Opiates Treatment Admissions Under Age 30 by Sex and Year: South Boston, % 60% 40% 20% 0% South Boston 36% 36% 44% 54% 54% 51% 57% 56% 61% Male 32% 32% 44% 51% 51% 48% 52% 52% 57% Female 42% 44% 46% 63% 63% 58% 71% 65% 69% NOTES: An individual client may be admitted to more than one program or treatment session. Data shown are for fiscal years July 1996 through June DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Substance Abuse Services, Substance Abuse Management Information System (SAMIS) DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

43 Percentage of Total Admissions Percentage of Heroin Treatment Admissions With Past Year Injection Drug (Needle) Use by Age Group and Year: South Boston and Boston, % 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% S Bos Under 30 78% 66% 68% 83% 77% 80% 74% 86% 88% Bos Under 30 52% 58% 59% 65% 65% 64% 69% 79% 80% S Bos Ages % 75% 71% 76% 74% 74% 71% 71% 79% Bos Ages % 66% 62% 60% 60% 54% 63% 70% 69% NOTES: An individual client may be admitted to more than one program or treatment session. Data shown are for fiscal years July 1996 through June DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Substance Abuse Services, Substance Abuse Management Information System (SAMIS) DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

44 Substance Abuse Mortality: Age-Adjusted Adjusted Rates by Neighborhood, Boston, BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury DATA SOURCE: Boston resident deaths, Massachusetts Department of Public Health DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office Deaths per 100,000 Population

45 HIV/AIDS Cases by Neighborhood: Percentage Distribution, Boston, as of January 1, % Percentage of Reported Cases 16% 12% 8% 4% 0% 4% Allston/Brighton 10% 1% 3% Back Bay* Charlestown East Boston 8% 3% 7% 5% Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester 11% 2% 10% 2% Roslindale Roxbury South Boston 12% 16% 1% South Dorchester South End West Roxbury *Includes the North End NOTES: Data shown in chart do not include those who are homeless or persons whose neighborhood of residence is unknown. Also excluded are inmates of Boston correctional facilities. DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health HIV/AIDS Surveillance Program DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

46 HIV/AIDS Mortality: Age-Adjusted Adjusted Rates by Neighborhood, Boston, n<5 n<5 n<5 BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury DATA SOURCE: Boston resident deaths, Massachusetts Department of Public Health DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office Deaths per 100,000 Population

47 Hepatitis Types A and C Cases by Neighborhood: Incidence Rates, Boston, 2004 Rates of Hepatitis A Allston/Brighton 7 99 Back Bay* n<5 60 Charlestown East Boston Fenway n<5 121 Hyde Park n<5 116 Jamaica Plain n<5 149 Mattapan n<5 238 North Dorchester South Dorchester Roslindale n<5 97 Roxbury South Boston South End n<5 158 West Roxbury n<5 65 BOSTON Rates of Hepatitis C *Includes the North End NOTE: The rates shown are new cases per 100,000 population. DATA SOURCE: Communicable Disease Database, Boston Public Health Commission, Communicable Disease Control Division DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office, Communicable Disease Control Division

48 What Can Be Done About Substance Abuse? Prevention: NO Drugs Coalition Treatment: accessible through Substance Abuse Services Central Intake Advocate for increased state funding for substance abuse treatment programs

49 The Disparities Project 6 hospitals and 2 CHCs have been funded to collect race, ethnicity, language and educational info on its patients using a framework developed by the BPHC s Hospital Working Group HOSPITALS: BIDMC BMC BWH Caritas Carney Children s Hospital MGH HEALTH CENTERS: South Cove CHC Uphams Corner Health Center

50 Questions? Comments?

51 Additional slides for Asthma HIV/AIDS

52 ASTHMA

53 Asthma Hospitalizations Among Children Under Age 5 by Neighborhood, Boston, Hospitalizations per 1,000 Population BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay* Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End *Includes the North End DATA SOURCE: Acute Care Hospital Case Mix files, Massachusetts Division of Health Care Finance and Policy DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office West Roxbury 4

54 What Can Be Done About Asthma? Don t smoke and avoid exposure to smoke Eliminate pests Remove rugs, if possible. If not, use a special dust-removing vacuum Cover mattresses Consider whether pets might be making asthma worse Get regular and consistent medical care and try not to run out of medications BPHC Asthma Program - Healthy Homes Initiative

55 HIV/AIDS

56 40 HIV Incidence Rates by Year Boston, New Cases per 100,000 Population NOTE: These data do not include people with AIDS or inmates of correctional facilities in Boston DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health HIV/AIDS Surveillance Program DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

57 80 AIDS Incidence Rates by Year Boston, New Cases per 100,000 Population NOTE: Inmates of correctional facilities in Boston are not included in these data. DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health HIV/AIDS Surveillance Program DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

58 HIV Cases by Race/Ethnicity: Percentage Distribution, Boston, as of January 1, % 46% Percentage of Reported Cases 40% 30% 20% 10% 35% 16% 0% 2% Asian Black Latino White NOTES: The data shown do not include persons of Other or Unknown race/ethnicity. Also excluded are those with HIV who have subsequently progressed to AIDS or inmates of Boston correctional facilities. DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health HIV/AIDS Surveillance Program DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

59 HIV/AIDS Cases by Neighborhood: Percentage Distribution, Boston, as of January 1, % Percentage of Reported Cases 16% 12% 8% 4% 0% 4% 10% Allston/Brighton Back Bay* 1% 3% 8% Charlestown East Boston Fenway 3% 7% 5% Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester 11% 2% 10% 2% Roslindale Roxbury South Boston 12% 16% 1% South Dorchester South End West Roxbury *Includes the North End NOTES: Data shown in chart do not include those who are homeless or persons whose neighborhood of residence is unknown. Also excluded are inmates of Boston correctional facilities. DATA SOURCE: Massachusetts Department of Public Health HIV/AIDS Surveillance Program DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office

60 HIV/AIDS Mortality: Age-Adjusted Adjusted Rates by Neighborhood, Boston, n<5 n<5 n<5 BOSTON Allston/Brighton Back Bay Charlestown East Boston Fenway Hyde Park Jamaica Plain Mattapan North Dorchester North End Roslindale Roxbury South Boston South Dorchester South End West Roxbury DATA SOURCE: Boston resident deaths, Massachusetts Department of Public Health DATA ANALYSIS: Boston Public Health Commission Research Office Deaths per 100,000 Population

61 What Can Be Done To Prevent HIV/AIDS? Before having sex, educate yourself If you do have sex, do it safely: Talk with your partner and know their sexual history Use a latex condom every time you have anal, vaginal, or oral sex Never reuse condoms Don t share needles and syringes used for injecting drugs or for body piercing or tattooing Talk to your health care provider about the risk of HIV infection and whether you should be tested