Pesticide Use and Safety Master Gardener Course Lydia Clayton February 26, 2013

Transcription

1 Pesticide Use and Safety 2013 Master Gardener Course Lydia Clayton February 26, 2013

2 TOXICITY VS HAZARD Are natural organic pesticides safer than synthetic pesticides??

3 TOXICITY VS HAZARD TOXICITY innate ability to poison inherent potency cannot change toxicity w/out changing chemical compound HAZARD relative risk of causing harm chance or probability toxin cause harm

4 TOXICITY VS HAZARD TOXICITY innate ability to poison inherent potency cannot change toxicity w/out changing chemical compound HAZARD relative risk of causing harm chance or probability toxin cause harm depends on toxicity AND exposure exposure amount + duration + frequency

5 TOXICITY VS HAZARD example gasoline highly toxic minimal exposure amount & duration low hazard

6 TOXICITY Toxicity VS HAZARD Acute Toxicity is expressed as LD 50 (amount of toxicant necessary to kill 50% of a test population of animals under standard conditions). LD 50 values are expressed in milligrams of active ingredient to kilogram of animal weight (mg/kg). example 150-lb person Oral LD 50 caffeine nicotine table salt vitamin D THE DOSE MAKES THE POISON 1/2 oz 1/8 oz (2 cigarettes) 7.2 oz oz Chronic toxicity is determined by subjecting test animals to long-term exposure of the active ingredient. Is harder to determine.

7 TOXICITY Toxicity VS HAZARD Signal Word Toxicity Oral LD 50 Danger-Poison Highly Toxic 0 to 50 Warning Moderately Toxic 50 to 500 Caution Slightly Toxic Over 500

8 TOXICITY VS HAZARD Are natural organic pesticides safer than synthetic pesticides? toxicity depends on chemical structure, not origin safety = hazard depends on how the pesticide is used = toxicity + exposure amount & duration

9 accidental poisonings: children - improper storage adults - improper application

10 Pesticide poisonings How do pesticides enter the body? Most toxic route-of-entry? dermal oral respiratory

11 Pesticide poisonings How do pesticides enter the body? Most toxic route-of-entry? dermal oral respiratory LEAST TOXIC MOST TOXIC

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13 Precautionary Statements and Signal Words DANGER - POISON Fatal if Swallowed Poisonous if inhaled Extremely hazardous by skin contact - rapidly absorbed through skin Corrosive - causes eye damage and sever skin burns KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN DANGER PELIGRO POISON WARNING Harmful or fatal if swallowed Harmful or fatal if absorbed through the skin Harmful or fatal if inhaled Causes skin and eye irritation WARNING - Moderately Toxic. May be fatal if ingested or absorbed. Causes moderate eye or skin irritation. CAUTION Harmful if swallowed May be harmful if inhaled May irritate eyes, nose, throat and skin CAUTION - Slightly Toxic. Causes slight eye or skin irritation.

14 Protective Clothing Should start with a minimum of: Long Sleeved Shirt and Long Trousers Cloth should be tightly woven or made of water resistant material

15 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: basic protection = cover the body! Hat with full brim (washable) Eye and respiratory protection Firmly woven long sleeved shirt or water resistant materials Gloves Synthetic belt (not leather) Cotton underwear Firmly woven long pants Cotton socks Shoes (avoid leather)

16 Removing PPE After Use and Cleaning PPE Before you Start Make sure you have the following: Water Paper towels or towel that will be washed with protective clothing. Soap A change of clothes! (Clean coveralls work well) Plastic bag for contaminated PPE. Helpful hints: An easily cleaned chair or bench makes taking off boots/shoes easier. A trash can to hold the plastic bag. Underwear is a good thing *There is a procedure! *Start at the head; then body; then work your way to feet and hands (gloves are always last). *

17 Protective Clothing Cleaning (washing) Should be stored and washed separately from family laundry. Wear gloves when handling contaminated clothing. Wash in Hot Water with heavy duty detergents and line dry in sunlight. If clothing is saturated with pesticide, discard

18 Gloves Boots Hats and Masks Cleaning Clean with warm, soapy water inside and out. Check boots and gloves during cleaning for holes by filling with water and watching for leaks. Check hat for cracks, holes, tears, rips or worn seams. Rinse in clean water and air dry out of direct sunlight.

19 The Label Tells All! Parts of the Label Trade, Brand or Product Names Ingredient Statement Use Classification Statement Type of Pesticide Formulation Statement Net Content Name and Address of Manufacturer Registration Numbers Establishment Numbers Signal Words and Symbols Precautionary Statements Statement of Practical Treatment Environmental Hazards Physical of Chemical Hazards Reentry Statement Storage and Disposal Use Restrictions Directions for Use

20 Trade, Brand, and Product Name

21 Directions for Use Ortho Ecosense Lawn Weed Killer

22 Statement of Practical Treatment Section or Label that lists first aid treatments recommended in case of poisoning. Ortho Ecosense Lawn Weed Killer

23 Pesticide Poisoning Early Symptoms Fatigue Headache Giddiness Sweating Dizziness or blurred vision Cramps Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Moderate Symptoms Numbness Changes in Heart Rate General Muscle Weakness Difficulty in Breathing/Walking Pinpoint Pupils Increased Salivation Increase in Severity of Early Symptoms Advanced Symptoms: Convulsions Coma Death

24 In Case of Poisoning If the poisoning is a result of being in a treated area, Remove the person from the treated area. Determine (if possible) the chemical. Read the label for immediate action. Seek medical help immediately.

25 Use Restrictions Ortho Ecosense Insecticidal Soap

26 Pesticide Storage and Disposal Storage Considerations Out of the reach Securable Ground and surface water Food, feed, seed, vet supplies, PPE Sunlight and temperature Fire Containers Triple Rinse. Dispose according to label or recycle. Rinse water Use in future spray mixes if possible. Dilute and dispose of away from ground or surface water sources. Pesticides - Contact DEC Pesticide Control Program 1700 E. Bogard Rd., Bldg. B, Suite 103, Wasilla, AK Phone: Toll Free (in state): Fax:

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29 downloads/products.pdf

30 sticides/regtools/25b_list.htm