5/4/2016. Neurobiology of Addiction. Financial Disclaimers. Learning Objectives. Question 2. Question 1
|
|
- Corey McKenzie
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Neurobiology of Addiction Daniel Hall-Flavin, MD University of Wisconsin La Crosses Families and Addiction Conference 4 May, MFMER slide-1 Financial Disclaimers Dr. Hall-Flavin has no financial interests to disclose Dr. Hall-Flavin will address off-label use of some medications to treat addictive illness. Learning Objectives To cite the three major developmental stages of addiction. To understand the basic neurobiological hierarchy of phenotypic expression in these stages To understand To understand the targets of treatment To understand how the environment impacts the biological underpinnings of addiction 2016 MFMER slide MFMER slide-4 Question 1 Emotional regulatory structures include: a) Amygdala b) Anterior cingulate cortex c) Prefrontal cortex d) B and C e) All of the above Question 2 Allostasis in the context of substance use disorders: a) Occurs in binge drinking cycle before the onset of negative reinforcement. b) Occurs once addiction is established. c) Is characterized by overactivity of GABA and serotonin. d) Occurs with activation of the insula. e) B and D 2016 MFMER slide MFMER slide-6 1
2 Question 3 True or false: Activation of the emotions processing areas (amygdala and insula) are not consistently observed. Question 4 The concept of neuroplasticity includes all of the following, except: a) Dendritic sprouting b) Long term potentiation c) An increase in metabotropic glutamate receptors post-synaptically d) B and C e) Decreased responsivity to glutamate in the presence of drug cues MFMER slide MFMER slide-8 Substance Use Disorder DSM 5 Recurrent use of alcohol and/or other psychoactive substance that causes clinically and functionally significant impairment in health, disability, and failure to meet major responsibilities at work, school, or home. Classified as mild, moderate, or severe. The latter is considered to be synonymous with addiction (substantial evidence of impaired control over use). 11 criteria that may be summarized by evidence of impaired control, continued use despite adverse consequence, preoccupation, and evidence of physiologic dependence. Epidemiology 8-10 % of people 12 years of age or older (20 to 22 million people) are addicted to alcohol and other drugs. Economic cost 700 billion dollars annually. Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of MFMER slide MFMER slide-10 Development of Addiction Behavior Neuronal networks Environment Synapses Environment Risk Factors Molecules (receptors) Genes Substance intake Pharmacokinetics 2016 MFMER slide-12 2
3 What factors determine if a person will become addicted? EXAMPLES OF RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS Risk Factors Domain Protective Factors Early Aggressive Behavior Poor Social Skills Lack of Parental Supervision Substance Abuse Drug Availability Poverty Individual Individual Family Peer School Community Self-Control Positive Relationships Parental Monitoring and Support Academic Competence Anti-Drug Use Policies Strong Neighborhood Attachment NIDA NIDA The brain continues to develop into adulthood and undergoes dramatic changes during adolescence. The Addiction Cycle NIDA 2016 MFMER slide-16 Development of Addiction Withdrawal Stress Negative reinforcement Intoxication Reward Positive reinforcement Compulsion to seek alcohol and drugs Loss of control in limiting intake The Addiction Cycle Source: Volkow, NEJM, 2016 Koob and Volkow. Neurocircuitry of Addiction, Neuropsychopharmacology reviews 35 (2010)
4 Development of Addiction Withdrawal Stress Negative reinforcement Compulsion to seek alcohol and drugs The Addiction Cycle The Addiction Cycle Intoxication Reward Positive reinforcement Loss of control in limiting intake Source: Volkow, NEJM, 2016 Koob and Volkow. Neurocircuitry of Addiction, Neuropsychopharmacology reviews 35 (2010) The Antireward System Development of Addiction Withdrawal Stress Negative reinforcement Intoxication Reward Positive reinforcement Compulsion to seek alcohol and drugs Loss of control in limiting intake Murphy A et al: Front Integ Neurosci, 2012 Koob and Volkow. Neurocircuitry of Addiction, Neuropsychopharmacology reviews 35 (2010) Some of the neural substrates implicated in motivation to use during withdrawal and protracted abstinence The Addiction Cycle salience Negative reinforcement Source: Volkow, NEJM, 2016 Down-regulation of Reward System Disruption of natural rewards Dopamine Serotonin Opioid peptides GABA Recruitment of Extra-Hypothalamic Stress System Negative emotional state Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) Norepinephrine Dynorphin Neurokinin (Substance P) Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Koob GF
5 Emotional Regulation and Behavior Emotional Regulation Affective Intensity/Reactivity of Affect (magnitude and degree of changeability) Affective Modulation Cognitive Modulation Behavioral Control 2016 MFMER slide MFMER slide-26 Impaired Emotional Regulation Functional Categories and Regions Impaired Emotional Regulation Connectivity Wilcox C, American Journal of Psychiatry, 173(4), 2016 Wilcox C, American Journal of Psychiatry, 173(4), 2016 Impaired Emotional Regulation Controls vs. SUD Individuals Impaired Emotional Regulation Novel Treatment Targets I Augment Activity PFC Improve WM/resting state Conductivity CBT Change default network activation Wilcox C, American Journal of Psychiatry, 173(4), 2016 Wilcox C, American Journal of Psychiatry, 173(4),
6 Cellular Connections Circuits to Cells MFMER slide-31 Cells and their Receptors Neuroplasticity. Matthew S, et al: Neuropsychopharm 2008M. Neuroplasticity in Brain Circuits associated with the Development of Addiction Cortical Spheroids Compulsivity Loss of Control Dorsal Striatum Nucleus Accumbens Prefrontal Cortex Extended Amygdala Mesolimbic DA Neuroplasticity with Increasing Use Koob, G. F. and Volkow. N. D. Neurocircuitry of Addiction, Neuropsychopharmacology reviews 35 (2010) Pasca S: Personalized Human Cortical Spheroids, Am J Pscyhiatry, 2016;173 (4):
7 Lower Dopamine D2 Receptor Neurons Opioid Dependent Individuals Receptors to Genes Sheng Y, et al: Am J Psychiatry 2016; 173(4): MFMER slide-38 Targets for Drugs of Abuse are Known and Can be Investigated Possible Families of Risk Factors Alcohol Metabolizing Enzymes Level of Response (LR) Impulsivity Psychiatric Disorders Karpyak et al: Current Psych 7, (2): 57, Alcohol Metabolism Alcohol ADH Acetaldehyde ALDH CO 2 + H 2 O Association Studies Candidates GABRA6 COMT 5HTT GABRG2 DRD2/ANKK1 ADORA GABRA5 DRD4 NPY GABRA1 KCNMA1 DGKZ ADHIB GNAS ADH1C PK CYP2E A 7
8 BDNF and Alcohol Use Disorderse Gene Expression Biological Psychiatry 2016; 79: MFMER slide-44 Epigenetics and Drugs of Abuse Epigenetics and Drugs of Abuse Robison E, et al: Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Trivedi M et al: Front Neurosci, 2015 The brain continues to develop into adulthood and undergoes dramatic changes during adolescence. Neurobiology and Treatment NIDA 2016 MFMER slide-48 8
9 These images of the dopamine transporter show the brain's remarkable potential to recover, at least partially, after a long abstinence from drugs - in this case, methamphetamine. Source: The Journal of Neuroscience, 21(23): NIDA R ev e r s e g e n e ti c s Antidipsotropic Medications & Their Targets Conceptual Framework Novel Drugs II Behavioral (clinical) phenotypes Intermediate phenotypes (endophenotypes) Brain function (circuits) Cellular function (pathways) Gene expression & protein modification Epigenetic effects Gene variations (genotypes) Endophenotypes Alcoholism- Specific Endophenotypes Examples Pertinent to Pharmacogenomics Clinical Phenotypes Summary F o r w a r d g e n e ti c s Antidipsotropic Medications Currently on the Market Year of release Drug Addiction Varenicline Nicotine 2006 Cocaine Vaccine Naltrexone extended* Alcohol 2005 Acamprosate Alcohol 2004 Buprenorphine Opiate 2002 Bupropion Nicotine 1997 Naltrexone* Alcohol 1994 Methadone Opiate 1972 Disulfiram Alcohol 1954 Nicotine replace Tx Nicotine Based on Koob et al: Nature Reviews/Drug Discovery, June 2009 Source: DEA Varenicline How Does it Work? Comorbidity: Targets and Treatment Varenicline binding leads to competitive blocking and partial activation of receptor-mediated release of dopamine in the reward center and competitive inhibition of receptor binding by nicotine delivered from cigarettes Varenicline suppresses the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal and reduces the pharmacologic reward from cigarette smoking Hays and Ebbert: NEJM 359:2018,
10 Questions/Responses Question 1 Emotional regulatory structures include: a) Amygdala b) Anterior cingulate cortex c) Prefrontal cortex d) B and C e) All of the above 2016 MFMER slide MFMER slide-56 Question 1 Emotional regulatory structures include: a) Amygdala b) Anterior cingulate cortex c) Prefrontal cortex d) B and C e) All of the above Question 2 Allostasis in the context of substance use disorders: a) Occurs in binge drinking cycle before the onset of negative reinforcement. b) Occurs once addiction is established. c) Is characterized by overactivity of GABA and serotonin. d) Occurs with activation of the insula. e) B and D 2016 MFMER slide MFMER slide-58 Question 2 Allostasis in the context of substance use disorders: a) Occurs in binge drinking cycle before the onset of negative reinforcement. b) Occurs once addiction is established. c) Is characterized by overactivity of GABA and serotonin. d) Occurs with activation of the insula. e) B and D Question 3 True or false: Activation of the emotions processing areas (amygdala and insula) is not consistently observed in those with established substance use disrorders MFMER slide MFMER slide-60 10
11 Question 3 True or false: Activation of the emotions processing areas (amygdala and insula) is not consistently observed in those with established substance use disrorders. Question 4 The concept of neuroplasticity includes all of the following, except: a) Dendritic sprouting b) Long term potentiation c) An increase in metabotropic glutamate receptors post-synaptically d) B and C e) Decreased responsivity to glutamate in the presence of drug cues MFMER slide MFMER slide-62 Question 4 The concept of neuroplasticity includes all of the following, except: a) Dendritic sprouting b) Long term potentiation c) An increase in metabotropic glutamate receptors post-synaptically d) B and C e) Decreased responsivity to glutamate in the presence of drug cues. Bibliography Addiction Comorbidity Hägele C, Schlangenhauf F, Rapp M, et al: Dimensional psychiatry: reward dysfunction and depressive mood across psychiatric disorders. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015;232: Addiction Neurobiology General Volkow N, Koob G, McLellan AT: Neurobiological advances from the brain disease model of addiction. N Engl J Med 2016;374(4): Volkow N, Morales M: The brain on drugs: from reward to addiction. Cell 2015; 162: Addiction Neurobiology Molecular, Cellular, and Circuitry Britt JP, Bonei A: Optogenetic interrogations of the neural circuits underlying addiction. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2013;23: Goldstein R, Volkow N: Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex in addiction: neuroimaging findings and clinical implications. Nat Rev Neurosci 2011:12: Jennings J, Sparta D, Stamatakis A, et al: Distinct extended amygdala circuits for divergent motivational states. Nature 2013;496: Kaufling J, Aston-Jones G: Persistent adaptions in afferents to ventral tegmental dopamine neurons after opiate withdrawal. J Neurosci 2015;35: Koob G, LeMoal M: Plasticity of reward neurocircuitry and the dark side of drug addiction. Nat Neurosci 2005;8: Kourrich S, Calu D, Bonci A: Intrinsic plasticity: an emerging player in addiction. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015 ;16: Pasca S: Personalized human cortical spheroids. Am J Psychiatry 2016;173(4): Trifilieff P, Feng B, Urizar, et al: Increasing dopamine D2receptor expression in the adult nucleus accumbens enhances motivation. Mol Psychiatry 2013;18: Saddoris MP, Cacciapaglia F, Wightman R, et al: Differential dopamine release dynamics in the nucleus accumbens core and shell reveal complementary signals for error prediction and incentive motivation. J Neurosci 2015;35: MFMER slide MFMER slide-64 Bibliography Sheng Y, et al: Lower dopamine D2 receptor expression levels in human dopaminergic neurons derived from opioid-dependent ipcs. Am J Psychiatry 2016;173(4): Volkow N, Tomasi D, Wang G, et al: Stimulant-induced dopamine increases are markedly blunted in active cocaine abusers. Mol Psychiatry 2014;19: Wilcox C, et al: Neural circuitry of impaired emotional regulation in substance use disorders. Am J Psychiatry (4): Addiction Treatment Bell J: Pharmacological maintenance treatments of opiate addiction. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2014;77: Kiluk B, Carrol K: New developments in behavioral treatments for substance use disorders. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2013;15: 420. Litten R, Ryan M, Falk D, et al: Heterogeneity of alcohol use disorder: understanding mechanisms to advance personalized treatment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015;39: Muller C, Geisel O, Banas R, et al: Current pharmacological treatment approaches for alcohol dependence. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2014;15: Bibliography Behavioral Addiction Potenza M: Perspective: behavioral addictions matter. Nature 2015;522: S62. Epidemiology Warner L, Kessler R, Hughes M, et al: Prevalence and correlates of drug use and dependence in the United States: results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psych 1995;52: Sandler I, Wolchick S, Cruden G, et al: Overview of meta-analyses of the prevention of mental health, substance use, and conduct problems. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2014; 10: Genetics Demers C, Bogdan R, Agrawal A: The genetics, neurogenetics and pharmacogenetics of addiction. Curr Behav Neurosci Repr 2014;1: Volkow N, Muenke M: The genetics of addiction. Hum Genet 2012;131: Adolescence Durlack J, Weissberg R, Dymnicki A, et al: The impact of enhancing students social and emotional learning: a meta-analysis school-based universal interventions. Child Dev 2011;82: Greenberg M, Lippold M: Promoting healthy outcomes among youth with multiple risks: innovative approaches. Annu Rev Public Health 2013;34: Quinn P, Harden K: Differential changes in impulsivity and sensation seeking and the escalation of substance use from adolescence to early adulthood. Dev Psychopathol 2013;25: Stanis J, Andersen S: Reducing substance use during adolescence: A translational framework for prevention. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231: Brain Disease Model Volkow N, Koob G: Brain disease model of addiction: why is it so controversial? Lancet Psychiatry 2015; 2: MFMER slide MFMER slide-66 11
12 Thank You, and Enjoy the Conference! 2016 MFMER slide-67 12
This article reviews scientific advances in the prevention and
Review Article Dan L. Longo, M.D., Editor Neurobiologic Advances from the Brain Disease Model of Addiction Nora D. Volkow, M.D., George F. Koob, Ph.D., and A. Thomas McLellan, Ph.D. This article reviews
More informationNeurobiology of Addiction JeanAnne Johnson Talbert, DHA, APRN BC, FNP, CARN AP
Neurobiology of Addiction JeanAnne Johnson Talbert, DHA, APRN BC, FNP, CARN AP Disclosures This speaker has no conflicts of interest to disclose Objectives Define drug abuse and addiction Identify the
More informationNeurobiology of Addiction
Neurobiology of Addiction Tiffany Love, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry The University of Utah What is Addiction? Addiction is a chronic, relapsing, and treatable brain disorder. Compulsive drug seeking
More informationThe Neuroscience of Addiction: A mini-review
The Neuroscience of Addiction: A mini-review Jim Morrill, MD, PhD MGH Charlestown HealthCare Center Massachusetts General Hospital Disclosures Neither I nor my spouse/partner has a relevant financial relationship
More informationUnderstanding Addiction and Its Impact on the Brain. SDSMA Webinar Matthew Stanley, DO
Understanding Addiction and Its Impact on the Brain SDSMA Webinar Matthew Stanley, DO Estimated Economic Cost to Society Due to Substance Abuse and Addiction: Illegal drugs: Alcohol: Tobacco: $181 billion/year
More information590,000 deaths can be attributed to an addictive substance in some way
Mortality and morbidity attributable to use of addictive substances in the United States. The Association of American Physicians from 1999 60 million tobacco smokers in the U.S. 14 million dependent on
More informationThe Neurobiology of Addiction
The Neurobiology of Addiction Jodi Gilman, Ph.D. Center for Addiction Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School What is Addiction? commonly
More informationThe Adolescent Developmental Stage
The Adolescent Developmental Stage o Physical maturation o Drive for independence o Increased salience of social and peer interactions o Brain development o Inflection in risky behaviors including experimentation
More informationThe Role of Smoking in Cocaine. Addiction
The Role of Smoking in Cocaine Addiction Luca Colnaghi Eric Kandel Laboratory Columbia University in the City of New York Department of Neuroscience Index 1- The Brain, memory, metaplasticity 2- Cocaine
More informationBrain Imaging studies in substance abuse. Jody Tanabe, MD University of Colorado Denver
Brain Imaging studies in substance abuse Jody Tanabe, MD University of Colorado Denver NRSC January 28, 2010 Costs: Health, Crime, Productivity Costs in billions of dollars (2002) $400 $350 $400B legal
More informationTobacco Dependence Treatment From Neurobiology through Public Policy
Tobacco Dependence Treatment From Neurobiology through Public Policy Mary Ellen Wewers, PhD, MPH, RN Professor Emerita The Ohio State University College of Public Health Disclosures Funding from the National
More informationThe Brain, Behavior and Addiction National Family Dialogue January 27, 2010 Presenter: Flo Hilliard, MSH University of Wisconsin-Madison
The Brain, Behavior and Addiction National Family Dialogue January 27, 2010 Presenter: Flo Hilliard, MSH University of Wisconsin-Madison Attitudes about addiction and recovery throughout history Disease?
More informationCHAPTER 2. THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF SUBSTANCE USE, MISUSE, AND ADDICTION
CHAPTER 2. THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF SUBSTANCE USE, MISUSE, AND ADDICTION Chapter 2 Preview A substantial body of research has accumulated over several decades and transformed our understanding of substance
More informationMANAGING PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER
MANAGING PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER Melissa B. Weimer, DO, MCR Chief of Behavioral Health & Addiction Medicine St. Peter s Health Partners Grand Rounds October 11, 2017 Disclosures One
More informationCouncil on Chemical Abuse Annual Conference November 2, The Science of Addiction: Rewiring the Brain
Council on Chemical Abuse Annual Conference November 2, 2017 The Science of Addiction: Rewiring the Brain David Reyher, MSW, CAADC Behavioral Health Program Director Alvernia University Defining Addiction
More informationMOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF DRUG ADDICTION. Sylvane Desrivières, SGDP Centre
1 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF DRUG ADDICTION Sylvane Desrivières, SGDP Centre Reward 2 Humans, as well as other organisms engage in behaviours that are rewarding The pleasurable feelings provide positive reinforcement
More informationKnowing How Gamblers Think: Improving Treatment Outcomes
Knowing How Gamblers Think: Improving Treatment Outcomes Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine Minneapolis, MN Disclosure Information I have the following financial
More informationUnderstanding Addiction: Why Can t Those Affected Just Say No?
Understanding Addiction: Why Can t Those Affected Just Say No? 1 The Stigma of Addiction There continues to be a stigma surrounding addiction even among health care workers. Consider the negative opinions
More informationNEUROBIOLOGY ALCOHOLISM
NEUROBIOLOGY ALCOHOLISM THERE HAS BEEN A MAJOR THEORETICAL SHIFT IN MEDICATION DEVELOPMENT IN ALCOHOLISM Driven by animal models of intermittent ethanol administration followed by termination, then access
More informationMain Questions. Why study addiction? Substance Use Disorders, Part 1 Alecia Schweinsburg, MA Abnromal Psychology, Fall Substance Use Disorders
Substance Use Disorders Main Questions Why study addiction? What is addiction? Why do people become addicted? What do alcohol and drugs do? How do we treat substance use disorders? Why study addiction?
More informationEighth Edition. Part I: Current Science of Addiction, Relapse & Recovery: Dispelling The Stigmas
Eighth Edition Part I: Current Science of Addiction, Relapse & Recovery: Dispelling The Stigmas 1 < < < Evolution of our Human Brain: Spinal Cord to Diencephalon to Mammalian-Meso Cortex to Neo Cortex
More informationSupplementary Appendix
Supplementary Appendix This appendix has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. Supplement to: Volkow ND, Koob GF, McLellan AT. Neurobiologic advances from
More informationNational Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Understanding Drug Abuse and Addiction: What Science Says
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Understanding Drug Abuse and Addiction: What Science Says Last Updated February 2016 https://www.drugabuse.gov 1 Table of Contents Understanding Drug Abuse and Addiction:
More informationOpioid Epidemic Update
Opioid Epidemic Update - 2018 Talal Khan MD Addiction Psychiatrist Pine Rest What are Opioids? Opiates are alkaloid compounds naturally found in the opium Poppy plant. Papaver somniferum The psychoactive
More informationLearning outcomes: Keeping it Real and Safe: What Every School Counselor Should Know About Underage Drinking
Keeping it Real and Safe: What Every School Counselor Should Know About Underage Drinking Aaron White, PhD - NIAAA April 18, 2018 Learning outcomes: Current trends in underage drinking How does alcohol
More informationBASIC VOLUME. Elements of Drug Dependence Treatment
BASIC VOLUME Elements of Drug Dependence Treatment Module 3 Principles of CBT and relapse prevention strategies Introduction to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Basics of pharmacological treatment Workshop
More informationAddiction. Concept of Addiction R. Corey Waller MD, MS, FACEP, FASAM Director, Center for Integrative Medicine
Addiction Concept of Addiction R. Corey Waller MD, MS, FACEP, FASAM Director, Center for Integrative Medicine Twitter: @rcwallermd Objectives Understand the Concept of Addiction Survival FOOD WATER DOPAMINE
More informationThe Science of Drug Addiction: Implications for Clinical Practice
The Science of Drug Addiction: Implications for Clinical Practice Jack B. Stein, Ph.D. Director Office of Science Policy and Communications National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health
More informationKey Concepts. Machinery of the Mind. The Growing Cycle. Six Brain Mind Functions. Machinery of the Mind 6/1/2012
Machinery of the Mind How High-risk Choices Redesign the Brain Key Concepts Brain and Mind are reciprocal Brain/Mind Functions intertwine We are hardwired and we have software Your brain changes all the
More informationPart IV: Slipping Up: Neuroscience Basis of Relapse & Recovery July 31, am 12:30 pm with Break 10-10:15am
Eighth Edition Congratulations and Thank You All for Attending Part IV: Slipping Up: Neuroscience Basis of Relapse & Recovery July 31, 2015 8 am 12:30 pm with Break 10-10:15am Preventing Recrudescence
More informationTHE STATE OF MEDICINE IN ADDICTION RECOVERY
OVERVIEW: Review addiction stats and trends Define addiction Explain neurobiology of addiction Review treatments of addiction Addiction Definition: A Primary, chronic, relapsing disease of brain reward,
More informationEffects of Drugs on the Brain and Behavior in Adolescents
Effects of Drugs on the Brain and Behavior in Adolescents Lucas Moore, LCSW, SAC-IT Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Coordinator July 20, 2015 Wisconsin Department of Health Services Today What would
More informationNeurobiology of Addiction. Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH Professor University of Chicago
Neurobiology of Addiction Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH Professor University of Chicago Disclosure Information I have the following financial relationships to disclose: My research is supported by NIDA, AFSP,
More informationprocesses in the central nervous system (CNS), affecting many of the during the course of ethanol treatment. Ethanol stimulates the release of
INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Neuroscience research is essential for understanding the biological basis of ethanol-related brain alterations and for identifying the molecular targets for therapeutic compounds
More informationWhat are Substance Use Disorders?
What are Substance Use Disorders? Sanchit Maruti, MD Michael Goedde, MD University of Vermont Medical Center 1 Disclosures } Drs. Maruti and Goedde receive compensation as consultants to the American Academy
More informationADDICTION. Over the decades there have been many attempts to find the cure for JOHN FALCON
-030 ADDICTION JOHN FALCON Over the decades there have been many attempts to find the cure for addiction. It really depends on how you define cure. Many people stop their compulsive addictive behavior
More informationThe Neurobiology of Addiction. Angela Haliburda, DO
The Neurobiology of Addiction Angela Haliburda, DO Currently, 8-10% of those age 12+ years, or 20 million to 22 million Americans are addicted to alcohol or other drugs. Drug overdoses are now the leading
More informationTHE MEDICAL MODEL: ADDICTION IS A BRAIN DISEASE. Judith Martin, MD Medical Director of Substance Use Services San Francisco Dept.
THE MEDICAL MODEL: ADDICTION IS A BRAIN DISEASE Judith Martin, MD Medical Director of Substance Use Services San Francisco Dept. Public Health disclosures Dr. Martin has no conflict of interest to disclose.
More informationThe Biological Perspective. Jørg Mørland Senior researcher, Norwegian Institute of Public Health Professor em of Medicine University of Oslo
The Biological Perspective Jørg Mørland Senior researcher, Norwegian Institute of Public Health Professor em of Medicine University of Oslo The Biological Perspective What is it? More than «the» one biological
More informationBrain Health and Opioid Abuse
2018 Statewide Tribal Opioid Summit Brain Health and Opioid Abuse Healing From Opiate Addiction Requires Comprehensive Approaches Psychological, Socio-Cultural, and Biological Donald R. Vereen, Jr., M.D.,
More informationAddiction in the Brain - Latest Research. Gary M. Henschen, MD, LFAPA Chief Behavioral Health Officer Magellan Healthcare, Inc.
Addiction in the Brain - Latest Research Gary M. Henschen, MD, LFAPA Chief Behavioral Health Officer Magellan Healthcare, Inc. The Neurobiology of Addiction About the speaker Gary M. Henschen, M.D. is
More informationBasic definition and Classification of Anhedonia. Preclinical and Clinical assessment of anhedonia.
Basic definition and Classification of Anhedonia. Preclinical and Clinical assessment of anhedonia. Neurobiological basis and pathways involved in anhedonia. Objective characterization and computational
More informationNoel Schenk MD. Davis Behavioral Health
Noel Schenk MD Davis Behavioral Health Michael Botticelli Director of National Drug Control Policy What is Addiction? Addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by
More informationECHO Presentation Addiction & Brain Function
ECHO Presentation Addiction & Brain Function May 23 rd, 2018 Richard L. Bell, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine ribell@iupui.edu Development of Addiction Addiction
More informationPossession by evil spirits? Demon rum. Lack of moral fiber? War on drugs Just say no
Dr. Joseph Garbely Medical Director VP of Medical Services Caron Treatment Centers 1 ASAM Disclosure of Relevant Financial Relationships No Relevant Financial Relationships with Any Commercial Interests
More information10/27/09! Psychopharmacology 101 for the LADC! Disclosures! Lecture outline! Structural divisions of the nervous system!
Disclosures! Psychopharmacology 101 for the LADC! David A. Frenz, M.D.! Mental Health & Addiction Services! St. Josephʼs Hospital! I am employed by the HealthEast Care System! I do not have any financial
More informationNeurobiology of addiction and why it is important
Neurobiology of addiction and why it is important Stephen Jurd University of Sydney 2016 IF Addiction has a neurobiological basis THEN we should be able to: Define addiction AND Identify relevant neurological
More informationSubstance use disorders: a theory-driven approach to the integration of genetics and neuroimaging
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. ISSN 0077-8923 ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Issue: Addiction Reviews : a theory-driven approach to the integration of genetics and neuroimaging Hollis C. Karoly, Nicole
More informationRelevance of craving in eating behaviors
Relevance of craving in eating behaviors Mélina FATSEAS Université Bordeaux CNRS, USR 3413 Pôle Addictologie CH Charles Perrens Craving as a key clinical symptom of addictive disorders Core component of
More informationPsychoactive Drugs & The Brain
Psychoactive Drugs & The Brain Psychoactive Substances & The Brain 1. Psychoactive substances enter the bloodstream via oral administration, inhalation, smoking, or injection 2. Psychoactive substances
More informationThe future of pharmacological treatment.
The future of pharmacological treatment. Anne Lingford-Hughes Professor of Addiction Biology, Imperial College. Hon Consultant CNWL NHS Foundation Trust. What substances and when? What Nicotine Alcohol
More informationNeurobiology of Substance and Gambling Addictions
Neurobiology of Substance and Gambling Addictions Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH Professor University of Chicago Disclosure Information I have the following financial relationships to disclose: My research
More informationRelationship Between Stress and Substance Use Disorders: Neurobiologic Interface
Relationship Between Stress and Substance Use Disorders: Neurobiologic Interface Kathleen Brady, M.D., Ph.D. Professor of Psychiatry Associate Dean of Clinical and Translational Research Medical University
More informationAlcohol: Its effects on the brain and implications for future treatment. Dr Mark Daglish
Alcohol: Its effects on the brain and implications for future treatment Senior Lecturer in Addiction Psychiatry University of Queensland Dr Mark Daglish Director of Addiction Psychiatry Royal Brisbane
More informationNeurobiology of Pain and Addiction
T. Celeste Napier, Ph.D. Neurobiology of Pain and Addiction Focus on Opioids Professor, Department of Psychiatry Director, Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction Disclosures In the past three years,
More informationFMRI and Treatment Development for Addictions
FMRI and Treatment Development for Addictions Marc N. Potenza, M.D., Ph.D. Professor of Psychiatry, Child Study, and Neurobiology Director, Yale Gambling Center of Research Excellence (CORE) Director,
More informationHow Addiction Affects the Brain: The Neuroscience of Compulsive Behavior
How Addiction Affects the Brain: The Neuroscience of Compulsive Behavior Table of Contents INTRODUCTION.... 3 NEUROSCIENCE 101: NEURONS AND NEUROTRANSMITTERS.... 4 BRAIN REGIONS INVOLVED IN ADDICTION:
More informationEvidence-Based Treatment Approaches for Gambling Disorder
Evidence-Based Treatment Approaches for Gambling Disorder Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH Professor University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine Chicago, IL 6/8/2016 Disclosure Information My research is
More informationBINGES, BLUNTS AND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
BINGES, BLUNTS AND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT Why delaying the onset of alcohol and other drug use during adolescence is so important Aaron White, PhD Division of Epidemiology and Prevention Research National Institute
More information6B / Boswell, Grant and Slutske Day 2 August 14, 2008
Pharmacological Treatment of Pathological Gambling Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH Associate Professor University of Minnesota School of Medicine Minneapolis, MN Disclosure Information I have the following financial
More informationBRAIN MECHANISMS OF REWARD AND ADDICTION
BRAIN MECHANISMS OF REWARD AND ADDICTION TREVOR.W. ROBBINS Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge Many drugs of abuse, including stimulants such as amphetamine and cocaine, opiates
More informationPathological Gambling: Neurobiological research and its relevance for treatment and relapse prevention: Recent research and future questions
Pathological Gambling: Neurobiological research and its relevance for treatment and relapse prevention: Recent research and future questions Anneke. Goudriaan 1,2, Ph.D. Ruth van Holst 1,2, M.Sc. Dick
More informationGeneral introduction. Chapter 1
General introduction Chapter 1 General introduction Historical aspects of drug use Religious, medicinal and recreational use of mind-altering substances by humans has a history of thousands of years 1.
More informationAmerica is a drugged society
Overview of Drug Abuse Basic Considerations. M. Imad Damaj, Ph.D. Associate Professor Dept. of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University America is a drugged society 90% of all drugs manufactured
More informationUnderstanding the Impact of Cigarette Smoking Using Brain Imaging
Understanding the Impact of Cigarette Smoking Using Brain Imaging Angelica Morales, PhD Postdoctoral Fellow Developmental Brain Imaging Lab Oregon Health & Science University No Financial Disclosures The
More informationnucleus accumbens septi hier-259 Nucleus+Accumbens birnlex_727
Nucleus accumbens From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Brain: Nucleus accumbens Nucleus accumbens visible in red. Latin NeuroNames MeSH NeuroLex ID nucleus accumbens septi hier-259 Nucleus+Accumbens birnlex_727
More informationThe Biology of Addiction
The Biology of Addiction Risk factors for addiction: Biological/Genetic Family history of addiction Being male Having mental illness Exposure to substances in utero * The genes that people are born with
More informationGenetic Contributors to Alcohol Use and Misuse in Young People
Genetic Contributors to Alcohol Use and Misuse in Young People Marianne BM van den Bree Professor of Psychological Medicine Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences MRC Centre for
More informationBrain Stimulation in the Study and Treatment of Addiction. From Animal Models to Humans
The Weizmann Institute of Science Brain Stimulation in the Study and Treatment of Addiction From Animal Models to Humans Abraham Zangen Department of Neurobiology The Weizmann Institute of Science Drug
More informationSerotonin System May Have Potential as a Target for Cocaine Medications
NIDA - Publications - NIDA Notes - Vol. 21, No. 3 - Research Findings of 4 http://www.drugabuse.gov/nida_notes/nnvol21n3/serotonin.html 9/26/2011 3:45 PM NIDA NEWS NIDA Home > Publications > NIDA Notes
More informationLong term pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Dependence: Anti Craving agents
Long term pharmacotherapy for Alcohol Dependence: Anti Craving agents Myth or Reality? Complete Recovery means a medication-free state True or False? Treatment of Alcoholism Assessment Motivation Alcohol
More informationThe Neurobiology of Drug Addiction
The Neurobiology of Drug Addiction Glen R. Hanson, Ph.D., D.D.S. Director, Utah Addiction Center Professor of Pharmacology and Toxicology, U of U Senior Advisor, NIDA Drug Abuse and Addiction are Among
More informationDrugs, The Brain, and Behavior
Drugs, The Brain, and Behavior John Nyby Department of Biological Sciences Lehigh University What is a drug? Difficult to define Know it when you see it Neuroactive vs Non-Neuroactive drugs Two major types
More informationNIH Public Access Author Manuscript Future Neurol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 March 1.
NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Published in final edited form as: Future Neurol. 2010 May 1; 5(3): 393 401. doi:10.2217/fnl.10.14. Neurobiology of dysregulated motivational systems in drug addiction
More informationIndex. Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. A Age as factor in selective mutism, 623 as factor in social phobia, 623 Agoraphobia, 593 600 described, 594 596 DSM-V changes related to,
More informationDisclosure Information I have the following financial relationships to disclose:
Gambling and Other Addictive Disorders Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH Professor University of Chicago Disclosure Information I have the following financial relationships to disclose: My research is supported
More informationNeurobiological Advances in Addiction Science: Implications For Treatment Nora D. Volkow, M.D. Director
Neurobiological Advances in Addiction Science: Implications For Treatment Nora D. Volkow, M.D. Director @NInews Concentration ) Dopamine (nm) Drugs and Natural Rewards ACTIVATE Dopamine in Reward Regions
More informationDefining & diagnosing addiction
Defining & diagnosing addiction Jürgen Rehm TUD Dresden, CAMH Toronto et al. No COI for this topic, but in general support from WHO, NIH, pharmaceutical companies (Tx for alcohol dependence) Tuesday 24th
More informationPsychopharmacology of ADHD. Copyright 2006 Neuroscience Education Institute. All rights reserved.
Psychopharmacology of ADHD Persistence (Predicted Value) Persistence of ADHD Into Adulthood 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 NA 10 15 20 25 30 Age at Follow-Up Syndromatic Persistence Symptomatic Persistence
More informationNeuroscience of Addiction
Neuroscience of Addiction Carlton Erickson, Ph.D. Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies Distinguished Professor of Pharmacology Director, Addiction Science Research and Education Center College
More informationThaddeus Ulzen MD FRCP(C)FAPA FCGP Professor & Chair, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs
Thaddeus Ulzen MD FRCP(C)FAPA FCGP Professor & Chair, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs CCHS/University of Alabama School of Medicine Assessment History
More information4/28/2016. You don t need to remember. ASAM Definition of Addiction. ASAM Definition
Adolescent Opioid Addiction: Awareness, Understanding & How to Respond Mark Publicker, MD FASAM Diplomate, American Board of Addiction Medicine You don t need to remember Increases neuronal dendritic branching
More informationMANAGING PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER Melissa B. Weimer, DO, MCR Chief of Behavioral Health & Addiction Medicine St.
MANAGING PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER Melissa B. Weimer, DO, MCR Chief of Behavioral Health & Addiction Medicine St. Peter s Health Partners, Albany, NY Assistant Professor of Medicine,
More informationUse/Consumption. Substance-related problems. Substance use disorders. Addiction
Use/Consumption Substance-related problems Substance use disorders Addiction It s not that Billy [Martin] drinks a lot, it s just that he fights a lot when he drinks a little. ~ Dick Young Neglect of
More informationThe Science of Drug Addiction: Implications for Clinical Practice
The Science of Drug Addiction: Implications for Clinical Practice Jack B. Stein, Ph.D. Director Office of Science Policy and Communications National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health
More informationNeurobiology of Addiction
Neurobiology of Addiction Domenic A. Ciraulo, MD Director of Alcohol Pharmacotherapy Research Center for Addiction Medicine Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital Disclosure Neither I
More informationPERSPECTIVE. Is there a common molecular pathway for addiction? Eric J Nestler NEUROBIOLOGY OF ADDICTION
NEUROBIOLOGY OF ADDICTION PERSPECTIVE Is there a common molecular pathway for addiction? Eric J Nestler Drugs of abuse have very different acute mechanisms of action but converge on the brain s reward
More informationKen Winters, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry University of Minnesota Midwest Conference on Problem Gambling August 11, 2004
Adolescent Brain Development, Substance Use and Gambling Involvement Ken Winters, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry University of Minnesota winte001@umn.edu Midwest Conference on Problem Gambling August 11,
More informationManagement of Tobacco Dependence. Dr. Lokesh Kumar Singh Associate Professor Department of Psychiatry AIIMS, Raipur
Management of Tobacco Dependence Dr. Lokesh Kumar Singh Associate Professor Department of Psychiatry AIIMS, Raipur Difficult to identify any other condition that presents such a mix of lethality, prevalence,
More informationFacing Addiction: Key Terms Use Any use of any substance. Driven by market forces. Misuse Use that can harm self or others. Driven by consequences.
Facing Addiction: Surgeon General s Report on Reducing Misuse and Addiction A.Thomas McLellan Senior Editor Key Terms Use Any use of any substance. Driven by market forces Misuse Use that can harm self
More informationUpdate on Addiction and Mental Health
Addiction Medicine and Addiction Psychiatry Addiction is a multifactorial disease Addiction is treatable Co-occurring disorders are common Effective treatment helps People with addiction get better Recovery
More informationUnderstanding the Brain: What Drugs Can Tell Us
LIVE INTERACTIVE LEARNING @ YOUR DESKTOP Understanding the Brain: What Drugs Can Tell Us Presented by: Dr. Rochelle D. Schwartz-Bloom March 24, 2011 Understanding the Brain: What Drugs Can Tell Us Rochelle
More informationTreating Addiction as a Chronic Disease
Treating Addiction as a Chronic Disease Sarah E. Wakeman, MD, FASAM Medical Director, MGH Substance Use Disorder Initiative Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School Disclosures Neither I
More informationOpiate Addiction: Treatment Perspectives
Opiate Addiction: Treatment Perspectives Daniel H. Angres M.D., Director, Positive Sobriety Institute Chief Medical Officer, RiverMend Health Addiction Services Adjunct Associate Professor of Psychiatry,
More informationAddiction and the Brain Antireward System
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2008. 59:29 53 The Annual Review of Psychology is online at http://psych.annualreviews.org This article s doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093548 Copyright c 2008 by Annual Reviews.
More informationUnderstanding and Treating Behavioral Addictions
Understanding and Treating Behavioral Addictions Jon Grant, MD, JD, MPH Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois Disclosure The faculty have been informed
More informationAddiction Medicine The Elephant in the middle of Health Care
Addiction Medicine The Elephant in the middle of Health Care AOAAM Essentials in Addiction Medicine OMED October 7, 2017 Philadelphia, PA Stephen A. Wyatt, DO Medical Director, Addiction Medicine Behavioral
More informationBehavioral Addictions: Expanding our understanding of Addiction. Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH Professor, University of Chicago
Behavioral Addictions: Expanding our understanding of Addiction Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH Professor, University of Chicago Disclosure Information Financial relationships: My research is supported by the
More informationDrugs, Brain and Behavior
Drugs, Brain and Behavior The Neuroscience of Addiction and Trauma Libby Stuyt, MD NADA Training September 2015 Why Do People Try Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drugs in the First Place? Parents/family members use
More informationHIV and alcohol use: why is risk reduction in alcohol use important in HIV care?
HIV and alcohol use: why is risk reduction in alcohol use important in HIV care? Susanne Astrab Fogger, DNP, PMHNP-BC, CARN-AP, FAANP sfogger@uab.edu Objectives for today s session Define alcohol use disorder
More information