Childhood Obesity Epidemic- African American Community

Transcription

1 Childhood Obesity Epidemic- African American Community Link D Juanna Satcher MD MPH Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Gulf Coast Apollo Chapter

2 Objectives Summarize obesity rates in children Discuss risks associated with childhood obesity Describe factors contributing to obesity Explain reasons for higher obesity rates in African-American children

3 To be better equipped to develop programs to combat the pediatric obesity epidemic in our communities

4 Obesity Epidemic 33% of US are overweight or obese 17 % of US are obese Minority children are at higher risk for obesity African-American teen girls are most affected- with 30% being obese

5 RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN PEDIATRIC OBESITY Non-Hispanic white 12.3% African American 21.5% Hispanic 21.8%

6 United States Obesity Prevalence

7 United States Obesity Prevalence

8 Obesity rates have tripled over past 30 years

9 Obesity rates have tripled over past 30 years

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11 Percent of obese children and adolescents years years

12 Medical Complications Type 2 diabetes Hypertension Sleep Apnea/sleep problems Fatty liver disease Bone and Joint problems Heart disease/stroke Cancers

13 Medical Complications Early puberty Increased linear growth

14 Other Complications Poor self esteem Poorer academic performance Depression More missed days of school

15 Obese teen females as young adults have: Less education Lower incomes Higher poverty rates Lower acceptance rates for college Decrease rates of marriage

16 US Economic Costs In 2002, over 100 Billion Dollars was spent on obesity related issues/diseases

17 Does the African American community recognize there is a problem? NO

18 Distorted perceptions Chubby and overweight kids are considered to be healthy Study of mom of African-American toddlers (280 lower income) 82% moms of overweight kids thought they were fine/healthy 21% moms of normal sized kids thought they were too thin and needed to gain weight

19 The future Overweight kids are more likely to become obese adults 80 % of obese teens will remain so as adults If obesity trends continue- can expect 2-5 year decrease in life expectancy

20 PERCENT OF OBESE CHILDREN BECOMING OBESE ADULTS

21 Factors Affecting Obesity Diet Physical Activity Genetics

22 Dietary Issues Sugar sweetened beverages (account for 11% calorie intake for children) Most parents don t understand difference between fruit drinks and fruit juices Fast foods 1/3 US children eat fast food daily

23 Dietary Issues Limited access to fresh fruits/vegetable in some communities Food marketing of unhealthy foods aimed at children School lunches often unhealthy

24 Physical Activity

25 Sedentary lifestyle Physical Activity Teens spend on average 12 hrs watching TV, video games or computers Unsafe neighborhoods Decreased availability of PE classes in school Lack of access to recreational facilities

26 TVs Higher rates of obesity in children with TVs in their bedrooms 40% of 1-5 yrs old have TVs in their bedrooms

27 Genetics Obesity in at least one parent increases risk of obesity persisting into adulthood Risk for obesity is 60-80% if both parents are obese

28 To be effective programs need support of: Child Parent Community

29 International Journal of Obesity 33, S74-S81 (April 2009) doi: /ijo

30 Dietary Recommendations 5 servings fruit/vegetables per day Limit intake of sweet drinks only 100 % fruit juices Switch to low fat milk Increase water intake Eat breakfast daily

31 Dietary Recommendations Limit fast food visit (thoughtful choices) Avoid fried foods Regularly eat meals together as family (not in front of TV) Monitor portions Healthy snack options Food not to be used as a reward

32 Physical Activity Recommendations 60 minutes of physical activity daily Walk/bike to school Organized sports Family/group activities Limit TV/computer time (<2 hrs/day)

33 Questions?

34 Other Factors Influencing Obesity GENETICS FAMILY OBESITY COMMUNITY

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36 Helpful Resources ConferencesAndTraining/ ChildhoodObesityActionNetwork.htm