PROMOTING GENDER RESPONSIVE & INCLUSIVE TRANSPORT PROJECTS

Transcription

1 PROMOTING GENDER RESPONSIVE & INCLUSIVE TRANSPORT PROJECTS AN OVERVIEW George Banjo The World Bank Presentation at MDB Regional Workshops to Mainstream Gender Equality in Infrastructure Policies and Projects, Africa Regional Workshop, march 22-24, 2011 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 1

2 Gender is not another word for women

3 Why transport and gender? Men and women have different roles and constraints in society which lead to different transport needs Even in developed countries, recognized that transport needs of women not well provided for hence women advocacy groups exist (EU report on Women & Transport). Women an increasing portion of work force but their work activities often different in type, space and time. Economic and social efficiency underestimating the productive and social roles of women leads to inefficient allocation of resources Sustainability transport investments that do not address the needs of men and women equitably is not optimal or sustainable. Gender mainstreaming is value adding, typically increasing assessed project benefits and distributional impacts and better distributing risks.

4 Gender Applies to ALL Transport Modes: Examples of Entry Points

5 Strategic High Level Policies Important Presence of poverty focus (PRSP/ CAS), national gender policy, engendered budget, legislation on women equality, etc. (i) transport sector should contribute to achievement of the policies and be compliant with relevant legislations; (ii) provides opportunities to build alliances with other sectors Min of Finance and Social/ Women Affairs Ministries/ agencies; and (iii) leverage additional resources and enhance sector profile. Even in DPO/ SWAP, where enabling legislation exist, inclusion of requirement to present gender disaggregated data provides opportunity to facilitate transport sector action on gender.

6 Examples of Interventions Areas - 1 Economic empowerment via participation in construction of rural road projects (Peru, Lesotho, Yemen and many others in South and East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa) Improving access to markets by promoting intermediate means of transport (Madagascar, Tanzania) Improving rural livelihood e.g. increasing school enrolment, access to health clinics, etc. (Yemen, Guinea, Senegal, etc.) Improving urban road safety and security by consulting women in proposed design features (China) Incorporating gender into the community road safety project (Bangladesh) Gender sensitive port and railway restructuring - who gains and who loses - by gender and taking mitigating actions (Mozambique, Zambia, Macedonia) Policy study on rural access and mobility with special focus on gender (Pakistan)

7 Examples of Interventions Areas - 2 Institutionalizing improved practices: Bangladesh Local Engineering Department and SSA - setting up of Env & Social Management Units. Holistic, promoting awareness and capacity building leading to engendering of policy and pilot projects (in about twenty Anglophone and Francophone countries) under the Gender and Rural Transport Initiative GRTI. Mandatory inclusion of HIV/AIDS awareness and mitigation requirements in road construction contracts (in SSA) Awareness campaigns on human trafficking railway and corridor projects in Europe. Portfolio reviews to identify trends and required proactive actions (WB Europe, Africa, Latin America, South Asia Regions)

8 Challenges? 1. A good idea of what to do and what works, but still challenge to mainstream into policy dialogue and project design and implementation: Better linking of macro-policies with relevant sector policies Better data for monitoring and evaluation of good practices Capacity building amongst social scientists to enable them better support project staff in dealing with gender & other social dimensions of transport Development and testing of simplified how to tools Need for continuous networking and awareness raising activities (donors, Bank and client) to disseminate good practices and emerging lessons 2. Within Bank, collaboration between Transport and Social Development e.g. the GAP Project Capacity Building for Mainstreaming Gender in Bank Transport Projects, and Country Gender Assessments provide framework for collaboration and sharing lessons. 3. More can be done within new IDA-16 Gender Targets

9 Summary: Strategies That Work Basic premise: Equality of opportunities and treatment does not take place naturally and designing gender responsive and inclusive policies and projects requires: Good understanding of relevant macro and sector policies & legislation Analysis linked to the project cycle Use participatory and social analysis tools Undertake gender analysis Collect gender disaggregated data (baseline, O-D and household surveys) to establish travel patterns of men and women Build client capacity for designing gender responsive and inclusive projects Develop engendered M and E framework Build consensus across sectors and agencies

10 Thank You and God Bless