Insect Management in Mississippi Pecans

Insect Management in Mississippi Pecans

Reference Pecan Pest Control Recommendations (From Georgia) Commercial Pecan Insect Control Will Hudson

Many products are restricted use Be Sure You Are Properly certified! (Private Applicators License) Be sure your card is current!

Many products have long PHIs (chlorpyrifos is 28 days) Be Sure You comply with PHI!

Some products restrict grazing Do not allow meat or dairy animals to graze in treated orchards Some products kill fish Comply with buffer zones Do not apply within 25 (or 150) feet of aquatic habitats Some products have bee hazard restrictions Do not apply during bloom or when bees are foraging. (includes other plants in orchard: such as clover)

Some products restrict grazing Do not allow meat or dairy animals to graze in treated orchards Some products kill fish Comply with buffer zones Do not apply within 25 (or 150) feet of aquatic habitats Some products have bee hazard restrictions Do not apply during bloom or when bees are foraging. (includes other plants in orchard: such as clover)

Lorsban (chlorpyrifos) Ok by ground but Not by air, in MS! Some labels exclude MS (Chlorpyrifos 4E, Quali-Pro, has proper label) Do not aerially apply this product in MS.

Read the Label!

The Main Pests Phylloxera Pecan Nut Casebearer Pecan Spittlebug Yellow Aphids Black Pecan Aphid Hickory Shuckworm Pecan Leaf Scorch Mite Pecan Weevil Stink Bugs

Phylloxera devastatrix

Pecan Phylloxera

Phylloxera Treatments Insecticide Admire Pro Trimax Pro Centric 40 WG Lorsban 4E Rate/Acre 1.2 2.4 fl oz 1.3 2.6 fl oz 2.5 oz 1 qt. Timing is critical! Budbreak ½ inch of new growth

Too Late

Pecan Nut Casebearer

Pecan Nut Casebearer Jerry Payne USDA-ARS Bugwood.org Jerry Payne USDA-ARS Bugwood.org H.C. Ellis U. Of Ga. Bugwood.org Jonas Janner Hamann UFSM Bugwood.org

Pecan Nut Casebearer Pheromone Traps

Pecan Nut Casebearer Control Sporadic pest Around mid-may 3% infested nut clusters 1 nutlet per cluster Use Low Impact Treatment

Casebearer Treatments Insecticide Dimilin 2L Intrepid 2F Belt SC Spintor 2SC Delegate Altacor Rate/Acre 8 fl oz 4-8 fl oz 3-4 fl oz 4-10 fl. Oz. 4.5-7 oz 2-4.5 fl. Oz.

Pecan Spittlebug B. Layton

B. Layton

Pecan Spittle Bug

Pecan Spittlebug Control Occasional pest May & July 5% infested terminals

Spittlebug Treatments Insecticide Trimax Pro Provado 1.6F Belay 23% liq. Rate/Acre 1.3-2.6 fl oz 3.5 7.0 fl. oz. 3 6 fl. oz. (Belay (clothianidin) controls pecan nut case bearer and spittle bugs.)

Pecan Aphids

Yellow or Black?

Yellow: 20-30/leaf Black: 1 per leaf

Yellow Aphids

Pecan Aphid Peaks No Aphids/leaf Heat Weevil Sprays

Lacewings

Yellow Aphid Control Common, statewide pest avoid treating before Aug. ET = 20-25/leaf after Aug. Use low impact treatments early

Use pole pruner to sample leaves # Aphids Sample Per leaf 1 40 2 0 3 5 4 35 5 20 Total 100 Avg. 20

Controlling Yellow Aphids Yellow aphid control may be erratic due to resistance. Yellow aphid populations are easily flared by insecticide sprays. esp. carbaryl & (pyrethroids)

Yellow Aphid Treatments Insecticide Fulfill 50WG Beleaf (Carbine) Apta/Bexar Nexeter (miticide) Closer Sivanto 200SL Assail 30 SG Provado 1.6F Centric 40 WG Belay Rate/Acre 4 oz 2.8 fl oz 27 fl. Oz. 6-10 fl. Oz 1.5 2.75 oz 7 10.5 oz 5 9.6 oz 7.0 fl oz 2.5 oz 3 to 6 fl oz

Yellow Aphid Treatments Insecticide Fulfill 50WG Beleaf (Carbine) Apta/Bexar Nexeter Closer Sivanto 200SL Assail 30 SG Provado 1.6F Centric 40 WG Belay Rate/Acre Also 4 oz Controls 2.8 fl oz 27 fl. Oz. casebearer 6-10 fl. Oz 1.5 2.75 oz 7 10.5 oz 5 9.6 oz 7.0 fl oz 2.5 oz 3 to 6 fl oz

Yellow Aphid Management Plan No sprays early season (Fulfil). Limit Neonicotinoid Use (Trimax, Centric, Belay, Assail) limit to 1 to 2 applications/crop Use: Beleaf/Carbine Use: Fulfill Use: Apta/Bexnar Use: Nexter (esp. if have mites also)

Black Aphids

Black Aphid Control Major, statewide pest Usually mid to late season ET = 1/leaf! (or less) Causes premature leaf drop Some vars. more susectible (Summner, Schley, G. Grande)

Black Aphid Threshold Before July 1: 25% terminals > 2+ aphids After July 1: 15% terminals > 1 ad. + nymphs

Black Aphid Treatments Insecticide Rate/Acre Same as for yellow aphids plus Lorsban 4E 1 pt. If use neonicotinoids use highest rate

Hickory Shuckworm

Jerry Payne USDA-ARS Bugwood.org Jerry Payne, USDA-ARS, Bugwood.org H.C. Elli U. of GA Bugwood

Shuckworm Control Sporadic pest Late summer/fall around half shell hardening Light traps/pheromone traps help time sprays

Shuckworm Treatments Insecticide Intrepid 2F Dimilin 2L Delegate 25 WG Belay Apta Lorsban 4E Rate/Acre 4-8 fl. Oz. 8 fl. Oz. 4.5-7 oz 3-6 fl oz 21-27 fl oz 1 Qt. Sevin helps with HSW When applied for weevils

Shuckworm Treatments Insecticide Intrepid 2F Dimilin 2L Delegate 25 WG Belay Apta Lorsban 4E Rate/Acre Also 4-8 fl. Oz. Controls 8 fl. Oz. 4.5-7 oz Yellow 3-6 fl oz Aphids 21-27 fl oz 1 Qt. Sevin helps with HSW When applied for weevils

Shuckworm Treatments Insecticide Intrepid 2F Dimilin 2L Delegate 25 WG Belay Apta Lorsban 4E Rate/Acre 4-8 fl. Oz. Also 8 fl. Oz. 4.5-7 oz Controls 3-6 fl oz Black 21-27 fl oz Aphids 1 Qt. Sevin helps with HSW When applied for weevils

Fall Webworm

Walnut Caterpillar

Webworm Treatments Insecticide Intrepid 2F Dimilin 2L Delegate 25 WG Lorsban 4E (pyrethroids) Altacor Rate/Acre 4-8 fl. Oz. 8 fl. Oz. 4.5-7 oz 1 Qt. (See label) 2-4.5 fl. oz. Sevin helps with webworms when applied for weevils

Pecan Leaf Scorch Mite

Scorch Mite Control Mainly a late season pest Treat when see mite damage First on low, interior limbs Flared by Sevin & pyrethroids!

Scorch Mite Treatments Insecticide Envidor 2 SC Zeal Portal Nexter Rate/Acre Also 14-18 fl oz 2-3 oz Controls 2 pts Aphids 5.2 to 10.67 oz For heavy infestations retreat in 5 to 7 days

Pecan Weevil

M.B. Layton

Pecan Weevil Control Serious pest in Hill Area Late July through fall Lay eggs in gel stage nuts Map weevil prone trees Use traps to det. emergence Treat every 7 10 days Sevin flares mites & aphids!

Pecan Weevil Traps Pyramid Trap Circle Trap

Pecan Weevil Treatments Insecticide Sevin 80S Sevin 4F Rate/Acre 3 lbs. 4-5 Qt. Pyrethroids help with pecan weevil

Stink Bugs

Stink Bug Damage

Stink Bug Seasonal Movement Wheat Clover etc. Corn Cotton Soybeans Sorghum Pecans

Insects from 1000s Of acres of row crops The Funnel Effect Move to a few acres of pecans

Stink Bug Control Important statewide pest Cause kernel damage! Late July through fall Move from maturing row crops Cow pea trap crop is helpful ET = 1 bug/40 terminals Highly mobile, can re-infest

Stink Bug Treatments Insecticide Brigade 2EC Mustang Max 0.8E Centric 40 WG Rate/Acre 12.8 fl. Oz. 4 fl. Oz. 2.5 oz Sevin helps with stink bugs Pyrethroids help with pecan weevils

Contact Information Blake Layton 662-325-2960 Desk # blake.layton@msstate.edu