Biology 3201 Midterm Examination January 27 th, 2012 Instructions for Students: 1 This test is composed of two parts. Part 1 consists of 60 multiple choice items. Part 2 consists of constructed response items. 2 The total value of the test is 70 marks. 3 Students are to use the Multiple Choice Answer sheet to complete Part 1. 4 Part 2 questions are to be completed directly on the paper provided. If extra paper is required, students must ensure they have their name and site included at the top of the page. 5 Students MUST complete ALL questions from part 2. Instructions to M-team Members 1 When students have finished the examination, please collect all materials. 2 Collate the multiple choice answer sheets and constructed response portion for each student. Place them in order by student 3 Scan ALL tests together (except the multiple choice questions not needed) and save as one complete file. Give the file the following name B3Midterm_yourschool where yourschool = your school name. Load the test into the Exam drop box found in the CDLI portal.
Section A Selected Response. Biology 3201 Midterm 2012 Indicate the answers to each of the following questions in the provided answer sheet. 1. Damage to which structure below would result in the heart stopping? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D 2. Which nervous system division is directly responsible for relaying information to and from the skeletal muscles? (A) autonomic (B) parasympathetic (C) somatic (D) sympathetic 3. In which order does an impulse pass through a reflex arc? (A) receptor motor neuron interneuron sensory neuron effector (B) receptor motor neuron sensory neuron interneuron effector (C) receptor sensory neuron motor neuron interneuron effector (D) receptor sensory neuron interneuron motor neuron effector
4. Which structure below is responsible for receiving information from another neuron? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D 5. Which shows the ion distribution inside the neuron membrane during an action potential? 6. Which best describes the role of cholinesterase? (A) breaking down a neurotransmitter (B) inhibiting a post-synaptic neuron (C) stimulating a post-synaptic neuron (D) synthesizing a neurotransmitter 7. Which nervous system disorder is caused by low dopamine production? (A) Alzheimer s (B) Meningitis (C) Multiple Sclerosis (D) Parkinson s 8. Which technology would produce a 3-D image of the brain? (A) CAT Scan (B) EEG (C) PET Scan (D) X-ray 9. Which structure of the eye enables a person to see in low light situations? (A) cones (B) cornea (C) rods (D) sclera
10. Which structure below allows air pressure to equalize? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D 11. Which structure is part of the central nervous system? (A) heart (B) skin (C) spinal cord (D) thyroid gland 12. Which part of the brain controls hunger, body temperature, and aggression? (A) cerebellum (B) cerebrum (C) hypothalamus (D) thalamus 13. Which division of the nervous system is directly responsible for physiological responses to fear? (A) parasympathetic (B) sensory (C) somatic (D) sympathetic
14. Which region of the neuron below enhances the rate of impulse transmission? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D 15. What is the normal ion distribution outside the neural membrane when a neuron is at rest? 16. Which neurotransmitter stimulates skeletal muscles but inhibits cardiac muscles? (A) acetylcholine (B) dopamine (C) glutamate (D) serotonin 17. Which part of the nerve cell is affected most by multiple sclerosis? (A) axon (B) cell body (C) dendrites (D) myelin sheath
18. Which part of the human eye is considered to be an adaptation for living in a low light environment? (A) cones (B) iris (C) retina (D) rods 19. Which structure of the human ear allows air pressure to equalize? (A) cochlea (B) eustachian tube (C) hammer (D) semi-circular canal 20. In which part of the brain is all the information from our senses sorted and interpreted? (A) cerebellum (B) cerebrum (C) medulla oblongata (D) midbrain 21. Which would receive information from a sensory neuron? (A) brain (B) gland (C) muscle (D) receptor 22. Which structure has been damaged if a needle being put into the arm of a stroke patient cannot be felt by the patient? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D 23. Which neurotransmitter elevates mood and controls skeletal muscles? (A) dopamine (B) glutamate (C) noradrenaline (D) oxytocin 24. Which is caused by the gradual death of the neurons that produce dopamine? (A) Alzheimer s disease (B) meningitis (C) multiple sclerosis (D) Parkinson s disease
25. The data below were collected by a micro-electrode implanted in the membrane of a neuron. Which represents the point at which the potassium ion concentration inside the cell membrane is lowest? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D 26. Which disease of the human eye is caused by a buildup of aqueous humour between the lens and the cornea? (A) astigmatism (B) cataract (C) glaucoma (D) myopia 27. Which medical procedure would most likely be used if a patient were diagnosed with cataracts? (A) contact lenses (B) corneal transplant (C) laser surgery (D) lens replacement 28. Which is most typical of nerve deafness? (A) It is caused by damage to the eardrum or ossicles. (B) It is caused by damage to the hair cells in the cochlea. (C) It is more common in younger people. (D) It results in loss of balance and coordination. 29. Which endocrine gland releases thyroxin? (A) adrenal (B) hypothalamus (C) pineal (D) thyroid 30. Which hormone triggers the cellular release of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids into the bloodstream? (A) glucagon (B) insulin (C) melatonin (D) thyroxine 31. Why might a doctor prescribe exposure to sunlight for a person experiencing symptoms of depression and an overwhelming desire for sleep? (A) decrease melatonin levels (B) decrease somatotropin levels (C) increase acetylcholine levels (D) increase thyroxine levels
32. Which gland secretes melatonin? Biology 3201 Midterm 2012 (A) lacrimal (B) pineal (C) pituitary (D) sweat 33. Which gland functions improperly when there is a lack of iodine in the diet? (A) adrenal (B) salivary (C) tear (D) thyroid 34. Why do protein hormones need to trigger a second messenger to activate a target cell? (A) They are not water soluble. (B) They bind to multiple types of cells. (C) They cannot cross cell membranes. (D) They require activation by ATP. 35. Which disorder is caused by an over-secretion of the human growth hormone (HGH)? (A) diabetes mellitus (B) dwarfism (C) giantism (D) hyperthyroidism 36. Which would result if the target gland were not stimulated during a negative feedback loop? (A) The hypothalamus would be inhibited. (B) The hypothalamus would be stimulated. (C) The target gland would not secrete its hormone. (D) The target gland would secrete its hormone. 37. The graph below shows the blood glucose levels of a healthy person over a short period of time. Which hormone is most likely secreted by the pancreas at point A? (A) glucagon (B) insulin (C) melatonin (D) somatotropin
38. Which hormone best fits the graph below? (A) adrenaline (B) estrogen (C) melatonin (D) thyroxine 39. Which would result if the target gland were not stimulated during a negative feedback loop? (A) The hypothalamus would be inhibited. (B) The hypothalamus would be stimulated. (C) The target gland would not secrete its hormone. (D) The target gland would secrete its hormone. 40. Which hormone acts on a positive feedback control mechanism? (A) calcitonin (B) oxytocin (C) parathyroid (D) thyroxine 41. Which phase is indicated in the diagram below? (A) anaphase (B) metaphase (C) prophase (D) telophase
42. An error in which stage of meiosis would produce a human egg cell with 24 chromosomes? (A) anaphase (I) (B) prophase (I) (C) metaphase (II) (D) telophase (II) 43. Which best describes a sperm cell? (A) contains large amounts of cytoplasm (C) larger size than egg cells (B) diploid (D) motile 44. Which involves culturing human cells for treating medical disorders? (A) amniocentesis (B) fetoscopy (C) in vitro maturation (D) therapeutic cloning 45. Which type of asexual reproduction is used by bacteria? (A) binary fission (B) budding (C) fragmentation (D) parthenogenesis 46. Which best describes why human sperm may lack energy to swim to the egg? (A) The acrosome s contents have been emptied. (B) The middle piece of the sperm cell is damaged. (C) The prostate gland secretes an acid fluid. (D) The scrotum holds the testis too close to the body. 47. What is structure A in the diagram below? (A) anther (B) pistil (C) pollen (D) stigma
48. What is structure A in the diagram below? Biology 3201 Midterm 2012 (A) epididymis (B) prostate (C) urethra (D) van deferens 49. In which structure below does fertilization occur? (A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D 50. Which structure is shed during normal menstrual flow? (A) cervix (B) endometrium (C) fimbriae (D) oviduct 51. Which sexually transmitted infection most commonly affects the liver? (A) chlamydia (B) gonorrhea (C) hepatitis (D) syphilis
52. Which requires superovulation? (A) artifical insemination (C) tubal ligation (B) in vitro fertilization (D) vasectomy 53. What is the most probable explanation for the hormone levels at day 17 below? (A) Corpus luteum prohibits FSH production. (B) Menstruation is occurring. (C) The egg is being released. (D) The female is using oral contraceptives. 54. Which is best for regulating menstrual cycles? (A) birth control pill (B) rhythm method (C) spermicidal jelly (D) tubal ligation 55. Which is the correct pathway of sperm to the egg? (A) vagina- cervix oviduct - uterus (B) vagina cervix uterus - oviduct (C) vagina oviduct - cervix - uterus (D) vagina oviduct - uterus - cervix 56. Which hormone maintains the corpus luteum for the first three months of pregnancy and can also be detected in the urine of a pregnant woman? (A) follicle stimulating hormone (B) human chorionic gonadotropin (C) human growth hormone (D) thyroid stimulating hormone
57. Which method of birth control is most effective at preventing sperm from entering the cervix? (A) condom (B) IUD (C) rhythm method (D) tubal ligation 58. What is true when progesterone levels are high during the menstrual cycle? (A) Estrogen production is inhibited. (B) Estrogen production is stimulated. (C) Luteinizing hormone production is inhibited. (D) Luteinizing hormone production is stimulated. 59. The diagram below shows the growth pattern of some human skin cells after they have been exposed to ultraviolet radiation. What type of cells are most likely found in area X? (A) cancer (B) red blood (C) sex (D) white blood 60. Double fertilization leads to the production of which two structures in flowering plants? (A) endosperm and pollen (B) endosperm and zygote (C) ovule and seed (D) ovule and zygote
Section A Answer Sheet Place your answers to the questions from section A in the table below. Section A Answer Sheet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Section B Constructed Reponse Answer all Questions in the provided Space 1.. If a person experienced memory loss after a concussion, which part of the brain was most likely injured? Explain how you know this. (2 Marks) 2. Using a diagram to illustrate explain how the body maintains Glucose balance in the body. (4 Marks)
3. Due to a mutation, the sodium binding site on a sodium potassium pump has changed such that it now binds with chloride ions (Cl-). Sodium ions (Na+) remain inside the membrane. What happens to nerve transmission? Give two reasons to justify your answer. (3 Marks) 4. The rhythm method is a method of birth control in which a couple does not have sexual intercourse while they believe ovulation is occurring. Give three biological reasons why this is an ineffective method of birth control. (3 Marks)
5. Describe in detail the process of Spermatogenesis. Use a diagram to assist. (4 Marks) 6. PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease) can reduce fertility in both males and Females. Explain how a person may develop PID and how it can cause infertility to develop. (4 Marks)