Name PER Date Chapter 7, Section 1 Review Questions Directions: Place the letter of the best definition next to each key term. A. the middle layer of the wall of the eye B. the structure between the choroid and the iris that anchors the lens in place C. the continuation of the optic nerve fibers beyond the optic chiasma D. the point at which the optic nerves cross E. sensory cells in the retina that are sensitive to bright light and provide color vision F. the watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye G. tiny structures that attach the lens of the eye to the ciliary body H. secretors of an oily substance; located in the eyelids I. modified sweat glands located between the eyelashes J. the tough, fibrous outer layer of the eye K. a delicate external membrane that covers the exposed eyeball and lines the eyelid L. sensory cells in the retina that are activated in dim light M. a transparent, flexible structure that is curved outward on both sides N. a transparent tissue over the anterior center of the eye O. the opening through which light rays enter the eye P. transmitter of visual sensory signals to the occipital lobe of the brain Q. muscles attached to the outer surface of the eye that are responsible for changing the direction of viewing R. the innermost layer of the eye, containing light-sensitive nerve endings that send impulses through the optic nerves to the brain S. the anterior portion of the choroid, which gives the eye its color T. tear secretors; located above the lateral end of each eye 1. aqueous and vitreous humors 2. Choroid 3. ciliary body 4. ciliary glands 5. Cones 6. Conjunctiva 7. Cornea 8. extrinsic muscles 9. Iris 10. lacrimal glands 11. lens 12. optic chiasma 13. optic nerve 14. optic tracts 15. pupil 16. retina 17. rods 18. sclera 19. suspensory ligaments 20. tarsal glands
Short Answer: 1. What are the two purposes of tears? 2. How do tears clean the eyes? 3. Which extrinsic eye muscles are responsible for upward and downward eye motion? 4. What function do the aqueous and vitreous humors perform? 5. Through which parts of the eye does light pass? 6. Corneas can be transplanted from one person to another without fear of rejection. Explain why this is possible. 7. What are the three layers of the eye? 8. What happens in the iris in dim light or when viewing a distant object? 9. Which nerve is responsible for transmitting sensory signals to the brain? 10. How quickly must a detached retina be treated? 11. What is the difference between myopia (nearsightedness) and hyperopia (farsightedness)? 12. Why do so many people need reading glasses for up-close vision as they age past their 40s?
13. What has happened to an eye or eyes suffering from nearsightedness? 14. What is astigmatism? 15. What is amblyopia? How is this condition treated? 16. Why do more men than women suffer color blindness? 17. Which disease of the eye is highly contagious? 18. What are the signs and symptoms of cataracts? 19. In terms of peripheral and central vision, what is the difference between glaucoma and macular degeneration?
Directions: Fill in the chart below with the letters of the corresponding eye diseases and disorders, descriptions, and the cause. A descriptor is provided for each condition. Condition Description Cause myopia nearsightedness 1. 2. 3. shortened eyeball 4. age-related farsightedness 5. astigmatism 6. 7. 8. 9. abnormal dominance of one eye diplopia 10. 11. 12. crossed eyes 13. 14. 15. disorder of the cone cells in the retina 16. 17. disorder of the rod cells in the retina A. color blindness B. strabismus C. hyperopia D. presbyopia E. night blindness F. amblyopia G. farsightedness H. inability to distinguish colors I. lazy eye J. blurred vision K. difficulty seeing at night L. double vision M. abnormal alignment of the eyes N. muscles in one eye do not coordinate with those in the other eye O. stiffness of the lens P. elongated eyeball Q. irregular curvature of cornea or lens
Directions: Label the figure with the letter of the appropriate callouts from the list provided.
Directions: Label the figures below.
Identify the figures below as normal vision, myopia, or hyperopia.