Calorie: Measure of Name Hour Nutrition Notes = 9 calories per gram Carbohydrates and Protein = calories per gram. If you consume more calories than you use up, it will be stored as. Carbohydrates (CHO) are the body s chief source of. Three main types of carbohydrates: 1. Sugars: Refined or natural (Simple Carbohydrate) May be listed on food labels as glucose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, or fructose. Sources:,, 2. Starches: Complex carbohydrates. Before the body can absorb starch, it must break the starch down into. Sources:,, 3. Cellulose (Fiber): Your body can't this carbohydrate. A high fiber diet may be a preventative. Sources:,, Experts recommend adults include to grams of fiber in their daily diets. Fats Types of Fats Saturated Fats: at room temperature Found in and products Can raise cholesterol Some sources include, cheese, lard & margarine Unsaturated fats: (Monounsaturated or polyunsaturated) Generally at room temperature Made from products Sources:,,. Trans Fats: (Trans fatty acids) A process called can make unsaturated fats (oils) solid at room temperature. Examples include and many. Raises cholesterol. Essential Fatty Acids: Fatty acids the body produce. Needed to make other important compounds such as.
Functions of Fats Source of. Forms cushions to help protect organs from injury. Fat under skin forms a layer of to maintain body temperature. Carries fat-soluble vitamins,,, and. Fats are part of the membrane that surrounds every in the body. Limiting Excess Fats and Cholesterol A high fat diet can lead to problems. Saturated and trans fats can lead to cholesterol. Recommended to be no more than per cent of daily food intake. What is cholesterol? A chemical relative of fat manufactured in the liver and also contained in some foods. It can be deposited in fatty streaks along the inner lining of arteries, causing blocking. Protein Vitamins Chemical compounds found in body cell. Made-up of Amino Acids. 9 of the amino acids are amino acids, which must be supplied by proteins. Most common source of complete proteins is foods. Needed for growth, maintenance, and repair of body. Important in making antibodies, the body's defense against infection. If body is low on CHO or fats, proteins will be used for. Incomplete proteins (ex. cereals, beans, corn, rice, vegetables) lack 1 or more essential ; can be combined to make up a high-quality protein meal. (ex. rice with beans or peanut butter on whole wheat bread) Fat-soluble Vitamins Vitamin A: Helps eyes adapt to. Promotes normal and healthy skin. Sources include liver, egg, whole milk, and dairy products, butter, and fish oils. Carotene is another form of Vitamin A found in foods like, squash and carrots. blindness and rough skin may develop if there is a deficiency. Vitamin D: Works with calcium and phosphorus to produce strong and. Found naturally in few foods: Egg yolks, liver, sardines, tuna, and liver oils. Vitamin D is added to, butter and margarine. The body can make vitamin D with exposure to. Deficiency can result in.
Vitamin E: Main function to act as an. Sources include and, whole grain breads and cereals, liver, eggs, whole milk, dairy foods, and leafy green vegetables. Vitamin K: Helps blood to. Sources include leafy vegetables, organ meats, and egg yolks. Most people get enough from the foods they eat. Water-soluble Vitamins Vitamin C: Also known as acid. Helps form and maintain connective, helps and broken bones to heal. Helps fight. Sources include fruits, strawberries, cantaloupe, leafy vegetables, broccoli, and cabbage. Can easily be destroyed by air, water, and heat; keep juices and cut fruits and vegetables tightly covered and refrigerated. Cook fruits and vegetables in a amount of water. Cannot be in the body. Deficiency results in disease called. B-Complex Vitamins Thiamin (B1): Deficiency results in, a disease of the system. Helps the body release from food. Helps promote normal and digestion. Keeps the nervous system healthy and prevents. Sources include wheat germ, pork products, legumes, and grain and enriched cereals. Riboflavin (B2): Needed to breakdown. Helps cells use oxygen and helps keep normal. Sources include organ meats, and milk products, eggs and oysters, leafy green vegetables, whole grain and enriched cereal products. Deficiency can cause swollen and cracked and skin lesions. Niacin: Deficiency called. Helps keep system, mouth, skin, tongue, and digestive tract healthy. Sources include meats, poultry, peanuts, and peanut butter. Vitamin B6: Help nerves function. Good sources include, liver, vegetables, and whole grain cereals. Deficiency rarely occurs.
Folate: Helps body produce normal cells. Important in diet of women to help prevent birth defects to the brain a spinal cord of unborn babies. Sources include, asparagus, leafy green vegetables, liver, yogurt, strawberries, bananas, oranges, and whole grain cereals. Vitamin B12: Promotes normal. Found in products. Minerals Calcium: Needed for strong and. Helps blood to and keeps and nerves working properly. Food sources are and milk products, fish, leafy green vegetables and. Deficiency can result in a disease called as people get older. Phosphorus Helps build and. Aids body in storing and releasing. Helps balance alkalies and acids in the. Sources include, poultry, fish,, and milk. Magnesium Helps cells use proteins, fats, and carbohydrates to produce. Helps regulate body. Keeps system working properly. Sources include grains, nuts, beans, meat, and dark green leafy. Sodium, Chlorine, and Potassium Work together to control, which is the flow in and out of the cells through the cell walls. Help maintain fluid balance in the. Help system and function properly. Help absorb nutrients. Sodium is found in table, many processed foods, gravies, pickles, soups, snack foods, soy sauce, and catsup. Good sources of potassium include meat, milk, oranges,, and dark green leafy vegetables. Deficiencies are rare, but too much sodium can result in high pressure.
Trace Elements Iron: Combines with iron to form in red cells, which carries oxygen through the body. Deficiency results in, with symptoms of loss of appetite, pale skin, and tiredness. Sources are liver,, egg yolks, legumes, leafy green vegetables, and enrich breads and cereals. Iodine, Magnesium, Copper, Zinc, and Fluorine are trace elements. Water You need glasses of water each day. Other sources include beverages or foods high in water content, such as. % of water comes from beverages and % comes from food you eat. Lack of water can cause dryness of the mouth, weakness an increased rate. Pop is not a good source of water. It actually makes your body lose water! DID YOU KNOW......that even "chicken" or "turkey" hot dogs can vary in fat content, from grams of fat down to grams of fat?...that a large bucket of unbuttered popcorn at theaters That pop in coconut oil has almost three days worth of artery-clogging fat? Add the fake butter and you'll boost the fat to almost days worth!...that "lunchables" averages tsp. of fat (that's 62% of calories) and 1707 mg of sodium? One variety has more saturated fat than a McDonald's!...that if you eat 1 cup of Haagen-Dazs Extras Triple Brownie Overload that you've downed grams of fat? That's almost as much as half stick of butter!