Alcohol and Drug Use Drug and Alcohol Information Drug/Alcohol Facts page 2-5 Second and Third Hand pages 6 Quit Smoking Plan pages 7-10 Help to Quit pages 11-12 1
Get the Facts The first step is to know the facts: Cigarette smoking contributes to the deaths of over 430,000 people in the U.S., two-thirds of them die from heart and blood vessel diseases Out of the 45 million smokers in the nation, about 2.4 million are teenagers. Alcohol and other drugs are powerful; they change the way a person thinks, looks, feels, and behaves. Why Do Children Start To Smoke? Peer pressure is the number one reason why children start smoking between the ages of 12 and 14. Teenagers who smoke are more likely to have friends that smoke as well. Parents also serve as models for their children. In families where one or both parents smoke, there is an increased risk that the child will smoke as well. How Is Adult Smoking Harmful To Children? Studies have shown that children with parents that smoke, especially infants, have more lung illnesses (bronchitis and pneumonia) than children of parents who do not smoke. What can be done to stop children from smoking? Parents can discourage young people from smoking by supporting school and community efforts, such as anti-smoking programs. Parents can protect their children from the dangers of smoking by talking to them about it before it is too late. Children are like sponges they soak up what they see and hear. 2
Alcohol Abuse Alcohol is the most frequently used substance in the United States. Nearly 90% of adults report some experience with drinking alcohol. Alcohol is a depressant, which means that it reduces activity of the nervous system. Alcohol can impair: Judgment Mood Reaction Time Physical Coordination Concentration According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), heavy drinking is: More than one drink per day on average for women More than two drinks per day on average for men Note: A standard drink is 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine or 1.5 ounces of 80-proof liquor. Drinking too much is bad. That's because, when all is said and done, alcohol is a poison and if you drink enough of it over time, it will affect nearly every organ in your body and may put a strain on relationships and emotional health, including: Fatty liver Alcohol hepatitis Alcoholic cirrhosis, which can eventually cause liver failure if drinking isn't stopped Chronic gastritis (a daily recurrence of nausea and sickness) Pancreatitis Brain damage (alcoholic dementia) High blood pressure Heart disease Obesity (from the increased number of calories consumed) Stroke Osteoporosis Reduced fertility Cancer (mouth, esophagus, liver, stomach, colon, rectum and breast cancer may all be related to alcohol) Alcoholism 3
Blood Alcohol Level Charts Mens B.A.L. Estimation Chart Drinks 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00 Only Safe Driving Limit 1.04.03.03.02.02.02.02.02 2.08.06.05.05.04.04.03.03 Driving Skills 3.11.09.08.07.06.06.05.05 Impared 4.15.12.11.09.08.08.07.06 5.19.16.13.12.11.09.09.08 6.23.19.16.14.13.11.10.09 7.26.22.19.16.15.13.12.11 8.30.25.21.19.17.15.14.13 9.34.28.24.21.19.17.15.14 10.38.31.27.23.21.19.17.16 Possible Death Womens B.A.L. Estimation Chart Drinks 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 0.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.00 Legally Intoxicated Only Safe Driving Limit 1.05.04.03.03.03.02.02.02 2.09.08.07.06.05.05.04.04 Driving Skills 3.14.11.10.09.08.07.06.06 Impared 4.18.15.13.11.10.09.08.08 5.23.19.16.14.13.11.10.09 6.27.23.19.17.15.14.12.11 7.32.27.23.20.18.16.14.13 8.36.30.26.23.20.18.17.15 9.41.34.29.26.23.20.19.17 10.45.38.32.28.25.23.21.19 Possible Death Legally Intoxicated 1 drink equals roughly 1 shot, 1 12oz. beer, or 1 5oz. glass 4
What do these numbers mean? Blood Alcohol Concentration 0.01 0.06 Changes in Feelings and Personality Relaxation Sense of Well-being Loss of Inhibition Lowered Alertness Joyous Physical and Mental Impairments Thought Judgment Coordination Concentration 0.06 0.10 Blunted Feelings Disinhibition Extroversion Impaired Sexual Pleasure Reflexes Impaired Reasoning Depth Perception Distance Acuity Peripheral Vision Glare Recovery 0.11 0.20 0.21 0.29 0.30 0.39 => 0.40 Over-Expression Emotional Swings Angry or Sad Boisterous Stupor Lose Understanding Impaired Sensations Severe Depression Unconsciousness Death Possible Unconsciousness Death Reaction Time Gross Motor Control Staggering Slurred Speech Severe Motor Impairment Loss of Consciousness Memory Blackout Bladder Function Breathing Heart Rate Breathing Heart Rate 5
Second and Third hand Smoke Secondhand smoke is the smoke breathed out by smokers and the smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar or pipe. Third Hand: Have you ever stood in a check-out line and known there was a smoker nearby, even though no one was smoking at the time? Or have you ever experienced the smell of smoke lingering in someone s hair, clothing, or other contaminated surface? If you answered yes, then you have been exposed to third hand smoke. Dangers of Second Hand Smoke: Ingredients in Cigarette Smoke: Nicotine Tar Carbon Monoxide Each year, exposure to second-hand smoke causes 150,000 to 300,000 lower respiratory tract infections in U.S. children younger than 18 months. Chronic cough, wheezing, and phlegm are more frequent in children whose parents smoke. Children also are more likely to have middle ear disease and reduced lung function Second hand smoke increases the number of asthma attacks and the severity of asthma in children who already have the disease. It can also cause healthy children to develop asthma. 6
Help to Quit If you smoke, this section is for you. On a Scale of 0-10, How do you feel right now about quitting? (1- I am not sure) (10- I want to quit smoking forever) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5 Stages of Quitting: 1.) Contemplation 2.) Preparation 3.) Action 4.) Maintenance 5.) Transition It Is Never too Late To Quit! There is research that shows no matter how long you ve smoked, quitting reduces your risk of developing coronary heart disease, getting lung cancer, or having a stroke. Most smokers know all the reasons for quitting and agree that they make sense. Quitting is hard, but millions have quit and you can too. Some people quit on their first try, but most who have quit smoking for good had to try more than once. 7
Why do you smoke: o I smoke out of habit, or to have something to do with my hands. o I smoke when I am sad, depressed, angry, bored or frustrated o I smoke when I am happy, or feel like celebrating. o I like the taste o Smoking Calms me down o Smoking wakes me up, helps me concentrate o Smoking helps me control my weight o Smoking is an important part of my life Reasons for quitting: I am worried about effects on my child I am worried about the increased risk for lung problems Smoking interferes with my level of fitness Cigarettes are expensive I want to be a good role model for my children I do not want my child to breathe my smoke or copy my habit Who can help? -Your healthcare provider -Family and Friends Knowing all the facts will help motivate you to quit smoking for good. Don t forget the most important reason for quitting smoking is your health and the health of your child. 8
My Promise To My Child and Myself I, plan to quit smoking for good on. I am quitting because: My strongest triggers are: I will cope with my triggers by: When I need help, I will call: 9
The Difficulty in Kicking the Smoking Habit Nicotine is both a stimulant and a depressant. That means it increases the heart rate at first and makes people feel more alert (like caffeine, another stimulant). Then it causes depression and fatigue. The depression and fatigue and the drug withdrawal from nicotine make people crave another cigarette to perk up again. According to many experts, the nicotine in tobacco is as addictive as cocaine or heroin. But don't be discouraged; millions of Americans have permanently quit smoking. These strategies can help you quit, too: Put it in writing. Get support. Set a quit date. Throw away your cigarettes all of your cigarettes. Wash all your clothes. Think about your triggers. You're probably aware of the situations when you tend to smoke, such as after meals, when you're at your best friend's house, while drinking coffee, or as you're driving. These situations are your triggers for smoking it feels automatic to have a cigarette when you're in them. Once you've figured out your triggers, try these tips: Avoid these situations. Change the place. Substitute something else for cigarettes. Keep yourself busy. Quit gradually. Use a nicotine replacement if you need to. Slip-Ups Happen If you slip up, don't give up! Major changes sometimes have false starts. If you're like many people, you may quit successfully for weeks or even months and then suddenly have a craving that's so strong you feel like you have to give in. Or maybe you accidentally find yourself in one of your trigger situations and give in to temptation. If you slip up, it doesn't mean you've failed, it just means you're human 10
Alcohol Anonymous: Toll Free Hotline: Nebraska Only 1-877-AA OF NEB (1-877-226-3632) Drug Treatment Centers Pathfinder Clinic: 212 East 8 th St, Fremont NE Behavioral Health Specialists Inc 923 East Norfolk Ave., Norfolk NE 600 South 13 th Street, Norfolk NE Faith Regional Health Services 1500 Koeingstien Ave., Norfolk NE Link Inc. 1001 Norfolk Ave., Norfolk NE Norfolk Regional Center 1700 North Victory Rd., Norfolk NE Odysee III 401 South 17 th Street, Norfolk NE Quit Smoking: If you want to quit smoking and think you do not have the will power to be successful, there is help. You no longer have to feel powerless and like a failure. These are a few of the Nebraska Tobacco Cessation Programs: Boone County Health Center P.O. Box 151 Albion, NE 68620 Phone: (402) 395-3149 Number of Sessions: Individualized, 12-week program Cost: $84 11
*Columbus Community Hospital Mary Jo Burkhardt, RN, BSN, Certified Diabetes Educator 4600 38th Street Columbus, NE 68601 Phone: (402) 562-3322 Total Hours of Cessation Counseling: 2 Number of Sessions: 3 Cost: $100 *Fremont Area Medical Center Ken Saunders, Pharm D, Tobacco Treatment Specialist (TTS) 459 East 23rd, Room 1253 Fremont, NE 68025 Phone: (402) 727-3306 E-mail: kensaunderspharmd@yahoo.com Additional Information: Class locations are flexible Total Hours of Cessation Counseling: 4 Number of Sessions: 4 Cost: $100 *Norfolk Community Health Clinic Teresa L. Reinhart, APRN 110 N. 16th St., #16 Norfolk, NE 68701 Phone: (402) 644-7314 Number of Sessions: Varies per Individual Cost: $80 per visit, sliding fee program available St. Francis Memorial Hospital 430 N. Monitor Street West Point, NE 68788 Phone: (402) 372-2404 Number of Sessions: Individualized, 1-3 sessions Cost: Free *Meets the minimum requirements for purposes of the Nebraska Clean Indoor Air Act. Remember children are creatures of habit - the better example you set for them, the better they will be. 12
Resources o Martin, Terry. Third-Hand Smoke A Threat to Our Children. 4 April 10. http://quitsmoking.about.com/od/secondhandsmoke/a/thirdhandsmoke.htm?p=1 o Nebraska Tobacco Cessation Programs. Department of Health and Human Services. 4 April 10. http://www.dhhs.ne.gov/tfn/ces/hcp.htm o ProtectingYourself and Your Family from Secondhand Smoke. American Lung Association. 4 April 2010. http://www.lungwi.org/tobacco/secondhand.cfm 13