Potter y and Porcelain F actories of China TH EIR GEOGR APH ICA L DISTRIB UTION AN D PE RIODS OF ACTI( ITY B Y A. L. H ETH ERIN G TO N WITH A F OL DIN G AIA P OF CH IN A LON DON ( K E G A N PA UL, TRE N CH, TRU B N E R Co., L TD., N EW Y ORK ( E. P. D UTTON 81 Co. 1 9 2 1

T h e Potter y a nd Porcelai n F actories of Chi na, PREFATORY NOTE. The factories have been divided into three categories, indicated by being coloured in green, the second in red, their Geographical Distribution and Periods of Activity As a student of Chinese ceramics and of the early wares in particular, I felt the want of a map which showed where the chief centres of production were placed, so I worked out with as much ac c u rac y as possible a map to serve the purpose. Several fellow students have e( pressed the opinion that the map woul d be useful to collectors as a supple ment to the authoritative works on the sub( ect, such as Mr. R. L. Hobson s Chi nese P otter y and P oy cel am. those which flou ri sh ed in the T ang dynasty or earlier, those which e ( isted in the Sung and Y ii an dynasties, and those dating from Ming and later times. The first c at a g or y are and the third in brown. In c as es where a centre has per sisted through more than one of these three periods of time it has been coloured according to the period of origin, thus Kuang chou or Canton as it is now called, is coloured green, 5

of Ching té ch én. PREFATORY N OTE although factories in or around this centre have produced ware al so in the Sung, Y ii an, Ming and Ch ing dynasties. It seemed unnecessary to distinguish between centres flou ri sh in g in the Ming and those operating in the Ch ing dynasties, because at least 80 per cent. of the ware produced in the latter dynasty owed its origin to the ceramic metropolis It is not claimed that the map is e( haustive, but the principal centres are shown. It would be impossibl e t o i n dic at e e( cept on a very large scale map all the factories congregated round certain places such as K ai fén g F u and the names shown must be understood to stand for a series of factories situated at the place named or located in ad( oining ( illages. Moreover, certain smaller factory centres, the actual products of which have hardly been i dentified as yet, are not included. For instance, from Chinese literature it appears that there was a factory at Anping, on the banks of the Yang t ze kiang, in the province of Anhui, which was established for a short time in t h e reign of H sii an Te ( 1 4 2 6 and which produced what was known as the Pa Kuei ware (eight devils pottery (, but the name has not been entered. Nor has an interesting little factory been marked in Hupeh, which e( isted in Ming times. Literature shows that a branch 6

PREF A TORY NOTE factory was established in that province at Wu Chang, near Hankow, by certain members of a little band of artists brought together by one Tung Ch i Ch ang ( 1 5 5 5 whose head ( uarters were close to Hang chou in Chekiang. Such factories as these are not discussed in the authoritative works on Chinese ceramics, and their inclusion might merely serve to confuse. As a convenient suppleme nt to the map the names of the factories have been printed in alphabetical order, arranged firstl y according to provinces, and secondl y accord ing to dynasties. In this latter list the n ames of the centres active in more than one of the three groups of dynasties, are repeated in their appropriate place. Names of towns in China have been changed very often during di fferent dynasties. In the map and lists the names commonly associated with ceramics only have been shown. A collector knows a ware by the name of the town or district which produced i t, and wishes to find where that centre is or was located regardl ess of what it is called at the present day. Space has not allowed of the Chinese characters being printed, but the Romanization used is that now generally followed. A.L.H.

ANHUI. F ac tori es arran g ed acc ordi n g to Pro( i n ces Ch i m en hsien. Su chou. H sii an chou. S z e chou Shou chou. Wu y ii an CH ( E K IA N G. Chin ts un. Lung ch uan. Ch u chou. Wén chou F u. H ang chou. Wu chou. H siang shan. Yueh chou. K a shan. Y ii hang hsien. Li shui hsien. Y ii yao. CH IH LI. Ch u yang hsien. Ting chou. H sing chou. T zfi chou. Liu l i chii. Wu ching hsien.

Amoy. Ss fi tu. HONAN. POTTERY AND PORCELAIN FACTORIES CHINA FUKIEN. A n ch i. T ai ning. Chien yang. Té hua. Lan ch i. Tung an hsien. Pakwoh. T zfi tsao. Shao wu F u. Ch en liu. K ai fén g F u. Ch én g chou. Lo yang. Gbii n chou (Yuchou(. Huai ch ing F u. Shan chou. Tén g chou. H sii chou. Tén g fén g hsien. J u chou. Y i yang hsien. J u ning F u. HUNAN. L ung shan Y o chou. KANSU. Hua t ing hsien.

K IANGSU. Kua chou. Y i hsing hsien. Chao ch ing F u. K SHANSI. nang chou (Canton(. POTTERY AND PORCELAIN FACTORIES CHI NA KI AN GS I. Ching t é c h én. Hung chou. Chi chou. Lin ch uan. F u liang. Makeng. H u t ien. Nan fén g hsien. Ch ang chou ch én. Soo chou. Hsiao hsien. Y i c h én. KUAN GTUN G. Ch ao chou F u. Ch in chou ( Yarn Lien chou. Shih wan. Fat shan. Yang chiang hsien. H o chou. P ing yang F u. ( P ing ting chou. Y ii t zi 1 hsien.

Ch eng tu. Ta y i. POTTERY AND PORCELAIN F ACTORIES CHINA SH AN TUN G. Lin ch ing. Yen sh én ch én. Po shan hsien. Y i hsien. Tsou hsien. SHENS I. Pai shui. Ting chou. Yao chou. SZECHUAN.

Chao ch ing P 1 11. Ch i m en hsien. K a shan. POTTERY AND PORCELAIN FACTORIES OF CHINA SUN G A N D Y UA N DY N ASTIES~ C 0 nti nu ed Li shui hsien. S ze chou. Lin ch uan. Té hua. Liu li chii. Lung ch ii an. Teng chou. Ting chou ( Chihli (. Nan fén g hsien. T zi i chou. Pai shui. Yao chou. P ing ting chou. Y ii hang hsien. P ing yang F u. Y ii t zii hsien. Po shan hsien. Y ii yao. S u chou M ING AND CH ING DYNASTIES. Amoy. Fatshan. An ch i. H sii an chou. Ch ang chou ch én. H u t ien. Hua t ing hsien. Ch ao chou F u. Huai ch ing F u. Ch én g tu. J u ning F u. Ch in chou (Yam chou(. K ai fén g F u. Ching té ch én. Kua chou. Ch u chou. Kuang chou (Canton(. Ch ii yang hsien. Lan ch i.

POTTERY AND PORCELAIN FACTORIES IN CHINA MIN G A N D CH IN Gr DY N ASTIES C oni i zm cd Lien chou. Ting chou (Chihli(. Lin ch ing. Tsou hsien. Liu li chii. Tung an hsien. Lung shan T z ii chou. Makeng. T Zii tsao. Pakwoh. Wu ching hsien. P ing ting chou. Wu y ii a n hsien. Po shan hsien. Y ang chiang hsien. Soo chou. Yao chou Shan chou. Yen sh é n c h én. Shao wu F u. Y i c h én. Shih wan. Y i hsien. Ssfi tu. Y i hsing hsien. T ai ning. Y i yang hsien. Té hua. Y ii chou. Tén g fén g hsien.