Unit 5: Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis & Drug Influence Influence on Nervous System 1. Which of the following is NOT related to a cell s surface area to volume ratio? a. Cell size b. Number of nuclei c. Rate of growth d. Efficiency of the cell s oxygen transport 2. Cells are so small because a. the volume grows faster than the surface area b. a large cell places large demand on the DNA c. diffusion takes time and large cells wouldn t receive and remove materials fast enough to meet their needs d. all of the above are correct 3. G1-S-G2 are part of what phase in a cell s life cycle? a. Prophase b. Interphase c. Metaphase d. Cytokinesis 4. During which phase of Meiosis does crossing over occur? a. Interphase b. Prophase I c. Prophase II d. Anaphase 5. How does a sex cell differ from a body cell? a. a sex cell doesn t contain chromosomes b. a sex cell contains homologous chromosomes c. a sex cell has the same number of chromosomes as body cells d. a sex cell has half the amount of chromosomes as a body cell 6. One difference between mitotic cell division in animals and plants is that in plants a. chromosomes are duplicated in plant cells, whereas in animal cells they are not b. chromosomes are separated in plant cells, whereas in animals cells they are not c. spindle fibers are formed in plant cells, whereas in animal cells the do not d. cell plates are formed in plant cells, whereas in animal cells they are not 7. Look at the diagram, if 2n = 8 for this organism, is this cell a diploid cell or haploid cell? a. Haploid b. Diploid
Using the diagram below, answer questions #8-10 (the phases are NOT in order) 8. Name each of the lettered phases: a. d. b. e. c. 9. The diagram above is an example of a. Meiosis b. Fertilization c. Mitosis d. Development 10. How is Mitosis different from Meiosis? a. Mitosis has 2 reduction divisions while Meiosis only has 1 reduction division b. Meiosis has 2 reduction divisions while Mitosis only has 1 reduction division c. Mitosis makes 2 daughter cells that are genetically different d. Meiosis makes 2 daughter cells that are genetically the same 11. Which mitotic event in the chart occurs after the other three events have taken place? a. appearance of spindle fibers b. separation of chromatids by the action of spindle fibers c. breakdown of the nuclear membrane d. replication of chromosomes 12. Which family of proteins regulates the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotes? a. Chromatids b. DNA and RNA c. Cyclins d. Chromosomes
13. The diagram shows a body cell with 3 homologous pairs of chromosomes. During sexual reproduction, how many chromosomes will this organism transmit to its offspring? a. 3, one chromosome from each homologous pair b. 6, all of the chromosomes shown c. 2, one pair of homologous chromosomes d. 4, two pairs of homologous chromosomes 14. A science teacher drew a diagram of cell division. What kind of cell division is shown in this diagram? a. One mitotic division b. Two mitotic divisions c. Meiosis I and Meiosis II d. Two replications of DNA 15. Cancer is the result of an improperly regulated cell cycle. Which of the following is a reason why tumors form? a. Uncontrolled cell growth b. Mutation in proto-oncogenes c. None of the above d. Both A and B 16. Analyze the diagram. If the hypothalamus senses there is enough testosterone being produced, the pituitary gland will a. decrease the production of FSH and LH b. increase the production of GnRH c. increase the production of FSH and LH d. decrease the production of GnRH
17. Analyze the diagram showing both positive and negative feedback loops in the female endocrine system. During days 12-14 of the menstrual cycle, the ovaries will a. increase the production of progesterone b. increase the production of estrogen c. decrease the production of progesterone d. decrease the production of estrogen Use the diagram of the menstrual cycle to answer questions #18-20. 18. A rise in which hormone causes the release of the egg, known as ovulation? a. Estrogen b. FSH c. Progesterone d. LH 19. Which hormone stimulates the maturation of the egg? a. Estrogen b. FSH c. Progesterone d. LH 20. This hormone maintains the uterine lining post-ovulation, but when levels drop the uterine lining Breaks down: a. Estrogen c. Progesterone b. FSH d. LH 21. The release of inhibitory neurotransmitters is affected when a person uses a drug such as heroin or marijuana. How do these chemicals affect the nervous system? a. When a drug is introduced to the body, neurotransmitters do not work properly and the body is flooded with dopamine ( feel good hormone). b. When a drug is introduced to the body, neurotransmitters are excited and prevent the release of dopamine. c. When a drug is introduced to the body, cyclins are inhibited from being released and prevent the release of dopamine. d. None of the above is correct.
22. Observe the diagram. How does cocaine use affect nervous impulse transmission? a. It unblocks the dopamine transporters b. It blocks the dopamine transporters 23. If there was a mutation and the G2 Checkpoint was damaged, how would the cell be affected? A. The spindle fibers would not be able to attach to the chromosomes B. A mistake that occurred during DNA synthesis may not be corrected C. G1 would not occur D. The cell would not have enough nutrients to continue through the cell cycle Graph 1A 24. Observe Graph 1A : What is the relationship between surface area and volume? a. Direct relationship-as surface area increases, volume increases b. Indirect relationship - as surface area increases, volume decreases c. Direct relationship - as surface area increases, volume decreases d. There is no relationship between surface area and volume. 25. Is Mitosis most similar to a. Meiosis I b. Meiosis II
ANSWERS: 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. A-PROPHASE B-TELOPHASE C - METAPHASE D - INTERPHASE E - ANAPHASE 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. B