Carribean Indian. African Black. Black

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White Black African Black Carribean Indian Pakistani Banglandeshi Black Other/Mixed Asian Other/Mixed Other/Mixed Unnknown/ Invalid Appendix A: Determination of Ethnic Status in HES Data As noted in the main text, patient ethnicity was derived from HES inpatient data. Since 2003/04 HES inpatient episodes have recorded ethnicity using the 16 ethnic groupings employed in the England and Wales sections of the 2001 UK Census. We have collapsed these into 9 groupings and Unknown/Invalid as indicated in the table below. Re-grouped Ethnicity Original HES Ethnicity (Ethnos) A = British (White) B = Irish (White) C = Any other White background D = White and Black Caribbean (Mixed) E = White and Black African (Mixed) F = White and Asian (Mixed) G = Any other Mixed background H = Indian (Asian or Asian British) J = Pakistani (Asian or Asian British) K = Bangladeshi (Asian or Asian British) L = Any other Asian background M = Caribbean (Black or Black British) N = African (Black or Black British) P = Any other Black background R = Chinese (other ethnic group) S = Any other ethnic group Z = Not stated = Unknown Where the individual had two or more different ethnicity codes recorded in their inpatient history, the number of episodes mapped in each of the redefined groups is summed. These patients are assigned to one of the other/mixed groups as follows: Patients with multiple ethnicity codes all with Black related original HES groupings (D, E, M, N, or P) or with any of these Black related original HES groupings and Any Other Mixed (G) or white related (A, B, or C) were assigned to the Black/Other Mixed. Patients with multiple ethnicity codes all with Asian related original HES groupings (F, H, J, K, or L) or with any of these Asian related original HES groupings and Any Other Mixed (G) or white related (A, B, or C) were assigned to the Asian/Other Mixed. Patients with multiple ethnicity codes across Black related original HES groupings and Asian related original HES groupings were assigned to Other/Mixed.

Appendix B: Individual Coefficients Used in Models Admissions Bed days Death in hospital Description Estimate Standard Error Pr > t Estimate Standard Error Pr > t Estimate Standard Error Pr > t Intercept 6.398 2.172 0.003 287.462 40.504 <.0001 1.155 0.491 0.019 Age at death 2-17 2.472 0.036 <.0001 6.049 0.672 <.0001-0.097 0.008 <.0001 Age at death 18-64 0.573 0.006 <.0001 0.027 0.116 0.817-0.025 0.001 <.0001 Age at death 65-74 0.249 0.006 <.0001 0.690 0.106 <.0001 0.014 0.001 <.0001 Age at death 75-84 0.067 0.005 <.0001 1.443 0.086 <.0001 0.023 0.001 <.0001 Age at death 85+ 0.000.. 0.000.. 0.000.. Male 0.080 0.004 <.0001 0.283 0.071 <.0001 0.012 0.001 <.0001 Female 0.000.. 0.000.. 0.000.. A00-A09 Intestinal infectious diseases 1.951 0.036 <.0001 39.776 0.676 <.0001 0.515 0.008 <.0001 A15-A19 Tuberculosis 1.519 0.103 <.0001 34.051 1.917 <.0001 0.607 0.023 <.0001 A20-A49 Certain bacterial diseases 1.448 0.019 <.0001 18.289 0.359 <.0001 0.691 0.004 <.0001 A50-A64 Infections with predominantly sexual mode of transmission 1.742 1.382 0.208 0.679 25.780 0.979-0.051 0.312 0.870 A65-A79 Other infectious and parasitic disorders 0.766 0.834 0.358 17.433 15.547 0.262 0.533 0.188 0.005 A80-A89 Viral infections of the central nervous system 1.521 0.143 <.0001 23.333 2.667 <.0001 0.448 0.032 <.0001 B00-B09 Viral infections characterized by skin & mucous mem. lesns. 1.441 0.087 <.0001 25.539 1.631 <.0001 0.464 0.020 <.0001 B15-B19 Viral hepatitis 1.143 0.202 <.0001 15.185 3.768 <.0001 0.479 0.046 <.0001 B20-B24 Human imrnunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease -0.758 0.418 0.070-5.551 7.803 0.477 0.138 0.095 0.144 B25-B34 Other viral diseases 1.179 0.150 <.0001 16.126 2.793 <.0001 0.415 0.034 <.0001 B35-B49 Mycoses 1.478 0.102 <.0001 20.953 1.899 <.0001 0.514 0.023 <.0001 B50-B64 Protozoal diseases 1.124 0.228 <.0001 16.544 4.254 0.000 0.794 0.052 <.0001 B65-B83 Helminthiases 1.946 0.998 0.051 46.269 18.622 0.013 0.279 0.226 0.217 B85-B99 Other infectious and parasitic diseases 1.287 0.215 <.0001 16.056 4.005 <.0001 0.340 0.049 <.0001 C00-C14 Malignant neoplasm of liporal cavity and pharynx 2.580 0.040 <.0001 27.579 0.739 <.0001 0.537 0.009 <.0001 C15-C26 Malignant neoplasm of digestive organs 2.063 0.014 <.0001 21.426 0.255 <.0001 0.549 0.003 <.0001 C30-C39 Malignant neoplasms of respiratory & intrathoracic organs 1.953 0.015 <.0001 19.386 0.276 <.0001 0.583 0.003 <.0001 C40-C41 Malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage 4.299 0.087 <.0001 40.078 1.631 <.0001 0.516 0.020 <.0001 C43-C44 Malignant neoplasms of skin 0.992 0.028 <.0001 9.799 0.529 <.0001 0.363 0.006 <.0001

C45-C49 Malignant neoplasms of mesothelial and soft tissue 2.417 0.036 <.0001 22.703 0.663 <.0001 0.549 0.008 <.0001 C50 Malignant neoplasm of breast 1.867 0.024 <.0001 18.474 0.452 <.0001 0.571 0.005 <.0001 C51-C58 Malignant neoplasms of female genital organs 2.335 0.027 <.0001 23.029 0.502 <.0001 0.557 0.006 <.0001 C60-C63 Malignant neoplasms of male genital organs 1.997 0.024 <.0001 19.929 0.443 <.0001 0.549 0.005 <.0001 C64-C68 Malignant neoplasms of urinary tract 2.275 0.023 <.0001 22.824 0.420 <.0001 0.552 0.005 <.0001 C69-C72 Malignant neoplasms of eye, brain & other parts of CNS 0.998 0.179 <.0001 5.390 3.343 0.107 0.541 0.041 <.0001 C73-C80, C97 Malignant neoplsm. of thyroid and oth. endo. Glands etc. 1.889 0.014 <.0001 20.738 0.259 <.0001 0.522 0.003 <.0001 C81-C96 Malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, haematopoietic & rel. tiss. 2.829 0.021 <.0001 32.439 0.389 <.0001 0.570 0.005 <.0001 D00-D48 In situ & benign neoplasms and others of uncertainty 2.049 0.022 <.0001 19.949 0.411 <.0001 0.475 0.005 <.0001 D50-D64 Anaemias 2.019 0.018 <.0001 19.366 0.345 <.0001 0.445 0.004 <.0001 D65-D89 Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs 1.970 0.041 <.0001 22.758 0.767 <.0001 0.546 0.009 <.0001 E00-E07 Disorders of thyroid gland 1.565 0.120 <.0001 24.832 2.229 <.0001 0.496 0.027 <.0001 E10-E14 Diabetes Mellitus 2.040 0.029 <.0001 33.269 0.537 <.0001 0.501 0.007 <.0001 E15-E90 Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases 1.955 0.019 <.0001 24.729 0.346 <.0001 0.461 0.004 <.0001 F00-F03 Dementia 1.754 0.025 <.0001 39.013 0.461 <.0001 0.497 0.006 <.0001 F04-F09 Other organic including symptomatic mental disorders 1.625 0.049 <.0001 31.336 0.914 <.0001 0.446 0.011 <.0001 F10-F19 Mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive subst. 2.491 0.037 <.0001 16.220 0.681 <.0001 0.210 0.008 <.0001 F20-F29 Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders 1.578 0.065 <.0001 65.199 1.208 <.0001 0.320 0.015 <.0001 F30-F39 Mood [affective] disorders 2.208 0.055 <.0001 50.080 1.019 <.0001 0.341 0.012 <.0001 F40-F69 Neurotic, bahavioural & personality disorders 2.245 0.078 <.0001 27.640 1.449 <.0001 0.275 0.018 <.0001 F70-F79 Mental retardation 5.789 0.296 <.0001 95.746 5.528 <.0001 0.461 0.067 <.0001 F80-F99 Other mental and behavioural disorders 1.840 0.133 <.0001 59.390 2.489 <.0001 0.332 0.030 <.0001 G00-G09 Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system 1.416 0.089 <.0001 30.942 1.660 <.0001 0.670 0.020 <.0001 G10-G13, G30-G32 Other degenerative diseases (incl. Alzheimer). 1.678 0.028 <.0001 33.551 0.523 <.0001 0.515 0.006 <.0001 G20-G26 Extrapyramidal & movement disorders (incl. Parkinsonism). 1.642 0.041 <.0001 32.509 0.757 <.0001 0.451 0.009 <.0001 G35-G37 Demyelinating diseases (incl Multiple Sclerosis) of the CNS. 1.830 0.087 <.0001 39.665 1.615 <.0001 0.548 0.020 <.0001 G40-G47 Epilepsymigraine & other episodic disorders 2.079 0.026 <.0001 22.540 0.489 <.0001 0.387 0.006 <.0001 G50-G73 G90-G99 Other diseases & disorders of the nervous syst. 1.355 0.033 <.0001 23.633 0.613 <.0001 0.527 0.007 <.0001 G80-G83 Cerebral palsy & other paralytic syndromes 1.439 0.063 <.0001 29.972 1.172 <.0001 0.441 0.014 <.0001 H00-H06, H15-H22, H30-H36, H43-H5 Other disorders of the eye etc. 0.922 0.033 <.0001 8.715 0.616 <.0001 0.373 0.007 <.0001 H10-H13 Disorders of conjunctiva (including conjunctivitis) 0.877 0.309 0.005 6.771 5.767 0.240 0.237 0.070 0.001 H25-H28 Disorders of lens (including cataracts) 0.370 0.020 <.0001 1.421 0.382 0.000 0.297 0.005 <.0001 H40-H42 Glaucoma 0.475 0.110 <.0001 3.739 2.057 0.069 0.230 0.025 <.0001 H60-H95 Diseases of the ear and mastoid process 1.148 0.087 <.0001 14.213 1.614 <.0001 0.293 0.020 <.0001

I00-I09 Rheumatic heart disease 1.661 0.071 <.0001 24.685 1.326 <.0001 0.642 0.016 <.0001 I10-I15 Hypertensive diseases 2.501 0.035 <.0001 25.474 0.653 <.0001 0.583 0.008 <.0001 I20-I25 Ischaemic heart diseases 1.854 0.013 <.0001 18.741 0.248 <.0001 0.684 0.003 <.0001 I26-I28 Pulmonary heart disease & diseases of pulmonary circulation 1.652 0.027 <.0001 20.197 0.511 <.0001 0.597 0.006 <.0001 I30-I52 Other forms of heart disease 2.080 0.012 <.0001 25.335 0.218 <.0001 0.641 0.003 <.0001 I60-I69 Cerebrovascular diseases 1.483 0.012 <.0001 24.312 0.230 <.0001 0.683 0.003 <.0001 I70-I79 Diseases of arteries, arterioles & capillaries 1.763 0.020 <.0001 24.787 0.376 <.0001 0.684 0.005 <.0001 I80-I89 Diseases of veins & lymphatic system nec. 1.597 0.029 <.0001 19.789 0.533 <.0001 0.428 0.006 <.0001 I95-I99 Other & unspecified disorders of the circulatory system 1.946 0.037 <.0001 25.336 0.687 <.0001 0.441 0.008 <.0001 J00-J06 Acute upper respiratory infections 1.220 0.100 <.0001 14.879 1.868 <.0001 0.379 0.023 <.0001 J10-J18 Influenza & pneumonia 1.680 0.011 <.0001 21.471 0.200 <.0001 0.704 0.002 <.0001 J20-J22 Other acute lower respiratory infections 1.768 0.016 <.0001 22.151 0.305 <.0001 0.490 0.004 <.0001 J40-J47 Chronic lower respiratory diseases 2.549 0.014 <.0001 26.449 0.256 <.0001 0.545 0.003 <.0001 J60-J70 Lung diseases due to external agents 1.643 0.020 <.0001 24.469 0.371 <.0001 0.662 0.005 <.0001 J80-J99 Other diseases of the respiratory system 1.846 0.016 <.0001 21.403 0.297 <.0001 0.618 0.004 <.0001 K00-K14 Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands & jaws 0.514 0.050 <.0001 5.277 0.933 <.0001 0.208 0.011 <.0001 K20-K31 Diseases of oesophagusstomach & duodenum 1.465 0.020 <.0001 20.722 0.365 <.0001 0.457 0.004 <.0001 K35-K38 Diseases of appendix 1.078 0.137 <.0001 16.665 2.551 <.0001 0.433 0.031 <.0001 K40-K46 Hernia 1.039 0.035 <.0001 11.902 0.650 <.0001 0.377 0.008 <.0001 K50-K52 Noninfective enteritis & colitis 1.734 0.022 <.0001 25.763 0.405 <.0001 0.502 0.005 <.0001 K55-K63 Other diseases of intestines 1.636 0.015 <.0001 21.160 0.288 <.0001 0.517 0.003 <.0001 K65-K67 Diseases of peritoneum 1.364 0.052 <.0001 19.245 0.979 <.0001 0.671 0.012 <.0001 K70-K77 Diseases of liver 2.102 0.024 <.0001 28.795 0.441 <.0001 0.639 0.005 <.0001 K80-K87 Disorders of gall bladder, biliary tract & pancreas 1.885 0.021 <.0001 25.577 0.395 <.0001 0.519 0.005 <.0001 K90-K93 Other diseases of the digestive system 1.854 0.020 <.0001 20.722 0.378 <.0001 0.524 0.005 <.0001 L00-L14 L55-L99 Other infections and disorders of the skin 1.814 0.018 <.0001 32.311 0.333 <.0001 0.466 0.004 <.0001 L20-L30 Dermatitis and eczema 1.506 0.118 <.0001 23.776 2.197 <.0001 0.377 0.027 <.0001 L40-L45 Papulosquamous disorders (including Psoriasis) 1.682 0.155 <.0001 32.348 2.889 <.0001 0.421 0.035 <.0001 L50-L54 Urticaria and erythems 1.545 0.181 <.0001 32.818 3.374 <.0001 0.441 0.041 <.0001 M00-M25 Arthropathies 1.470 0.022 <.0001 20.705 0.402 <.0001 0.381 0.005 <.0001 M30-M36 Systemic connective tissue disorders 1.914 0.075 <.0001 28.850 1.404 <.0001 0.561 0.017 <.0001 M40-M54 Dorsopathies 1.453 0.027 <.0001 22.027 0.498 <.0001 0.421 0.006 <.0001 M60-M79 Soft tissue disorders 1.321 0.030 <.0001 14.931 0.568 <.0001 0.356 0.007 <.0001 M80-M94 Osteopathies and chondropathies 1.542 0.037 <.0001 27.908 0.695 <.0001 0.478 0.008 <.0001

M95-M99 Other disorders of the musculoskeletal system & conn. tiss. 1.453 0.188 <.0001 37.894 3.512 <.0001 0.376 0.043 <.0001 N00-N08, N10-N16 Diseases of the kidney 2.130 0.043 <.0001 28.747 0.793 <.0001 0.530 0.010 <.0001 N17-N19 Renal failure 1.964 0.016 <.0001 24.927 0.294 <.0001 0.650 0.004 <.0001 N20-N23 Urolithiasis 1.679 0.073 <.0001 15.198 1.353 <.0001 0.389 0.016 <.0001 N25-N29 Other disorders of kidney & ureter 1.432 0.137 <.0001 18.711 2.553 <.0001 0.436 0.031 <.0001 N30-N39 Other diseases of the urinary system 2.041 0.013 <.0001 30.630 0.237 <.0001 0.448 0.003 <.0001 N40-N51 Diseases of male genital organs 1.237 0.047 <.0001 13.407 0.875 <.0001 0.313 0.011 <.0001 N60-N64 Disorders of breast 0.967 0.169 <.0001 11.519 3.143 0.000 0.322 0.038 <.0001 N70-N77 Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs 1.244 0.170 <.0001 17.731 3.176 <.0001 0.308 0.038 <.0001 N80-N98 Noninflammatory disorders of female genital tract 1.242 0.055 <.0001 13.217 1.029 <.0001 0.301 0.012 <.0001 N99 Other disorders of the genitourinary system 4.228 0.188 <.0001 32.941 3.513 <.0001 0.415 0.043 <.0001 O00-O08 Pregnancy with abortive outcome 0.474 0.270 0.079 1.721 5.029 0.732 0.109 0.061 0.075 O10-O75, O85-O92, O95-O99 Complications of labour and delivery 1.644 0.116 <.0001 8.060 2.169 0.000 0.265 0.026 <.0001 O80-O84 Delivery 0.246 0.377 0.513-3.164 7.029 0.653-0.056 0.085 0.507 P05-P96 Other conditions originating in the perinatal period 1.105 0.692 0.110 24.203 12.905 0.061 0.255 0.156 0.103 Q00-Q89 Congenital malformations 1.527 0.095 <.0001 24.851 1.766 <.0001 0.472 0.021 <.0001 Q90-Q99 Chromosomal abnormalities nec. 2.168 0.490 <.0001 37.465 9.131 <.0001 0.334 0.111 0.003 R00-R09 Symptoms & signs inv. the circulatory/respiratory system 1.904 0.016 <.0001 16.655 0.302 <.0001 0.449 0.004 <.0001 R10-R19 Symptoms & signs inv. the digestive system & abdomen 1.878 0.017 <.0001 19.088 0.320 <.0001 0.457 0.004 <.0001 R20-R23 Symptoms & signs inv. the skin & subcutaneous tissue 1.261 0.070 <.0001 12.728 1.307 <.0001 0.345 0.016 <.0001 R25-R29 Symptoms & signs inv. the nervous & musculoskeletal sys. 1.531 0.042 <.0001 24.285 0.793 <.0001 0.390 0.010 <.0001 R30-R39 Symptoms & signs involving the urinary system 1.929 0.025 <.0001 18.894 0.459 <.0001 0.364 0.006 <.0001 R40-R46 Symptoms & signs inv. Cognition, perception etc. 1.704 0.021 <.0001 24.670 0.389 <.0001 0.453 0.005 <.0001 R47-R49 Symptoms & signs inv. speech & voice 1.510 0.072 <.0001 20.192 1.339 <.0001 0.419 0.016 <.0001 R50-R68 General symptoms & signs 1.839 0.013 <.0001 23.798 0.238 <.0001 0.448 0.003 <.0001 R69 Unknown & unspecified causes of morbidity 1.784 0.023 <.0001 51.857 0.422 <.0001 0.501 0.005 <.0001 R70-R89 Abnormal findings of bodily fluids or samples without diag. 1.369 0.065 <.0001 14.241 1.215 <.0001 0.321 0.015 <.0001 R90-R94 Abnormal findings on diagnostic imaging/function studies 0.956 0.042 <.0001 10.504 0.788 <.0001 0.320 0.010 <.0001 R95-R99 Ill-defined & unknown causes of mortality 1.509 0.977 0.123 11.704 18.231 0.521 0.940 0.221 <.0001 S00-S09 Injuries to the head 1.626 0.017 <.0001 17.707 0.325 <.0001 0.448 0.004 <.0001 S10-S19 Injuries to the neck 1.748 0.062 <.0001 30.918 1.156 <.0001 0.623 0.014 <.0001 S20-S29 Injuries to the thorax 1.521 0.046 <.0001 22.808 0.852 <.0001 0.526 0.010 <.0001 S30-S39 Injuries to abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine & pelvis 1.666 0.031 <.0001 27.707 0.573 <.0001 0.470 0.007 <.0001 S40-S49 Injuries to the shoulder & upper arm 1.582 0.031 <.0001 24.529 0.575 <.0001 0.419 0.007 <.0001

S50-S59 Injuries to the elbow & forearm 1.422 0.041 <.0001 19.311 0.759 <.0001 0.369 0.009 <.0001 S60-S69 Injuries to the wrist & hand 1.250 0.064 <.0001 13.090 1.186 <.0001 0.246 0.014 <.0001 S70-S79 Injuries to the hip & thigh 1.504 0.014 <.0001 30.689 0.267 <.0001 0.476 0.003 <.0001 S80-S89 Injuries to the knee & lower leg 1.563 0.031 <.0001 27.409 0.580 <.0001 0.382 0.007 <.0001 S90-S99 Injuries to the ankle & foot 1.279 0.088 <.0001 17.866 1.646 <.0001 0.325 0.020 <.0001 T00-T07 Injuries involving multiple body regions 1.588 0.125 <.0001 26.032 2.330 <.0001 0.458 0.028 <.0001 T08-T14 Injuries to unspecified part of trunk limb or body 1.454 0.131 <.0001 18.823 2.452 <.0001 0.392 0.030 <.0001 T15-T19 Effects of foreign body entering through natural orifice 1.198 0.102 <.0001 9.137 1.909 <.0001 0.368 0.023 <.0001 T20-T32 Burns and corrosions 1.508 0.094 <.0001 23.495 1.747 <.0001 0.601 0.021 <.0001 T33-T35 Frostbite 0.518 0.977 0.596 14.941 18.231 0.413 0.320 0.221 0.148 T36-T50 Poisonings by drugs medicaments & biological substances 1.904 0.037 <.0001 15.491 0.687 <.0001 0.255 0.008 <.0001 T51-T65 Tox. effcts. of substnces. chiefly non-medicinal as to source 1.312 0.121 <.0001 14.286 2.250 <.0001 0.405 0.027 <.0001 T66-T78 Other and unspecified effects of external causes 1.255 0.065 <.0001 12.682 1.220 <.0001 0.672 0.015 <.0001 T79 Certain early complications of trauma 1.349 0.110 <.0001 23.912 2.046 <.0001 0.616 0.025 <.0001 T80-T88 Complications of surgical & medical care nec. 2.512 0.022 <.0001 37.581 0.412 <.0001 0.474 0.005 <.0001 T90-T98 Sequelae of injuriesof poisoning & other consequences -0.525 1.129 0.642-6.221 21.063 0.768 0.196 0.255 0.443 Z00-Z13 Examination and investigation 0.807 0.031 <.0001 7.427 0.576 <.0001 0.357 0.007 <.0001 Z20-Z29 Potential health hazards related to communicable diseases 2.364 0.210 <.0001 23.134 3.915 <.0001 0.581 0.047 <.0001 Z30-Z39 Health services in circumstances related to reproduction 0.625 0.285 0.029 2.287 5.322 0.667 0.007 0.064 0.918 Z40-Z54 Persons encountering health services for specific care 1.580 0.035 <.0001 14.722 0.656 <.0001 0.329 0.008 <.0001 Z55-Z65 Potential health hazards reltd. to socioeconomic & psychosoc.l 1.417 0.474 0.003 19.172 8.846 0.030 0.315 0.107 0.003 Z70-Z76 Persons encountering health services in other circs. 3.391 0.061 <.0001 30.617 1.130 <.0001 0.434 0.014 <.0001 Z80-Z99 Persons with potential health hazards related to family 1.209 0.272 <.0001 20.796 5.065 <.0001 0.631 0.061 <.0001 0.000.. 0.000.. 0.000.. A00-A09 Intestinal infectious diseases 0.091 0.060 0.131 0.637 1.127 0.572 0.037 0.014 0.007 A15-A19 Tuberculosis -0.360 0.091 <.0001-8.453 1.700 <.0001-0.066 0.021 0.002 A20-A49 Certain bacterial diseases -0.135 0.057 0.019-11.642 1.072 <.0001 0.052 0.013 <.0001 A50-A64 Infections with predominantly sexual mode of transmission -1.090 0.654 0.096-24.675 12.194 0.043-0.527 0.148 0.000 A65-A79 Other infectious and parasitic disorders 0.280 1.445 0.847-26.671 26.957 0.323 0.189 0.327 0.562 A80-A89 Viral infections of the central nervous system -0.491 0.121 <.0001-7.756 2.260 0.001-0.238 0.027 <.0001 B00-B09 Viral infections characterized by skin & mucous mem. lesns. -0.392 0.139 0.005-11.394 2.591 <.0001 0.038 0.031 0.223 B15-B19 Viral hepatitis 0.865 0.094 <.0001-0.234 1.749 0.894-0.039 0.021 0.063 B20-B24 Human imrnunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease -1.523 0.096 <.0001-28.127 1.789 <.0001-0.505 0.022 <.0001 B25-B34 Other viral diseases 0.541 0.191 0.005 4.017 3.566 0.260-0.056 0.043 0.196

B35-B49 Mycoses 0.113 0.136 0.406 1.741 2.544 0.494 0.045 0.031 0.141 B50-B64 Protozoal diseases -0.140 0.188 0.456-15.724 3.501 <.0001-0.061 0.042 0.148 B65-B83 Helminthiases 2.811 0.817 0.001 24.701 15.236 0.105 0.072 0.185 0.696 B85-B99 Other infectious and parasitic diseases -0.228 0.135 0.092-16.990 2.522 <.0001-0.114 0.031 0.000 C00-C14 Malignant neoplasm of liporal cavity and pharynx 0.086 0.062 0.165-13.185 1.156 <.0001-0.415 0.014 <.0001 C15-C26 Malignant neoplasm of digestive organs -0.148 0.052 0.005-16.721 0.979 <.0001-0.422 0.012 <.0001 C30-C39 Malignant neoplasms of respiratory & intrathoracic organs -0.318 0.053 <.0001-19.209 0.982 <.0001-0.416 0.012 <.0001 C40-C41 Malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage 1.505 0.099 <.0001-4.667 1.840 0.011-0.411 0.022 <.0001 C43-C44 Malignant neoplasms of skin 0.026 0.058 0.650-16.298 1.077 <.0001-0.391 0.013 <.0001 C45-C49 Malignant neoplasms of mesothelial and soft tissue 0.175 0.058 0.003-17.501 1.090 <.0001-0.442 0.013 <.0001 C50 Malignant neoplasm of breast -0.313 0.054 <.0001-17.114 1.006 <.0001-0.382 0.012 <.0001 C51-C58 Malignant neoplasms of female genital organs 0.220 0.056 <.0001-12.386 1.039 <.0001-0.401 0.013 <.0001 C60-C63 Malignant neoplasms of male genital organs 0.018 0.054 0.744-12.836 1.004 <.0001-0.393 0.012 <.0001 C64-C68 Malignant neoplasms of urinary tract 0.271 0.054 <.0001-10.523 1.014 <.0001-0.381 0.012 <.0001 C69-C72 Malignant neoplasms of eye, brain & other parts of CNS 0.113 0.056 0.043-9.192 1.044 <.0001-0.502 0.013 <.0001 C73-C80, C97 Malignant neoplsm. of thyroid and oth. endo. Glands etc. -0.270 0.053 <.0001-16.867 0.991 <.0001-0.298 0.012 <.0001 C81-C96 Malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, haematopoietic & rel. tiss. 0.241 0.054 <.0001-8.024 1.014 <.0001-0.221 0.012 <.0001 D00-D48 In situ & benign neoplasms and others of uncertainty 0.244 0.056 <.0001-7.764 1.050 <.0001-0.226 0.013 <.0001 D50-D64 Anaemias 0.307 0.079 0.000-7.015 1.475 <.0001-0.212 0.018 <.0001 D65-D89 Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs 0.169 0.073 0.021-8.500 1.360 <.0001-0.021 0.016 0.195 E00-E07 Disorders of thyroid gland -0.409 0.090 <.0001-15.128 1.686 <.0001-0.168 0.020 <.0001 E10-E14 Diabetes Mellitus -0.153 0.055 0.005-8.636 1.021 <.0001-0.312 0.012 <.0001 E15-E90 Endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases 0.071 0.061 0.242-5.572 1.137 <.0001-0.117 0.014 <.0001 F00-F03 Dementia -0.325 0.053 <.0001-11.470 0.981 <.0001-0.357 0.012 <.0001 F04-F09 Other organic including symptomatic mental disorders -0.196 0.276 0.477-4.961 5.149 0.335-0.082 0.062 0.187 F10-F19 Mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive subst. -0.576 0.069 <.0001-24.620 1.289 <.0001-0.381 0.016 <.0001 F20-F29 Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders -0.379 0.176 0.031 3.972 3.276 0.225-0.401 0.040 <.0001 F30-F39 Mood [affective] disorders -0.155 0.133 0.246 9.554 2.485 0.000-0.254 0.030 <.0001 F40-F69 Neurotic, bahavioural & personality disorders -0.406 0.220 0.065-4.483 4.097 0.274-0.220 0.050 <.0001 F70-F79 Mental retardation -0.174 0.979 0.859-10.221 18.263 0.576-0.576 0.221 0.009 F80-F99 Other mental and behavioural disorders 0.072 0.238 0.761-8.841 4.436 0.046-0.352 0.054 <.0001 G00-G09 Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system -0.244 0.091 0.008-11.834 1.701 <.0001-0.011 0.021 0.590 G10-G13, G30-G32 Other degenerative diseases (incl. Alzheimer). -0.452 0.054 <.0001-14.878 1.001 <.0001-0.416 0.012 <.0001 G20-G26 Extrapyramidal & movement disorders (incl. Parkinsonism). -0.332 0.055 <.0001-7.376 1.033 <.0001-0.328 0.013 <.0001

G35-G37 Demyelinating diseases (incl Multiple Sclerosis) of the CNS. -0.163 0.065 0.012-11.911 1.218 <.0001-0.203 0.015 <.0001 G40-G47 Epilepsymigraine & other episodic disorders -0.417 0.064 <.0001-15.864 1.194 <.0001-0.242 0.014 <.0001 G50-G73 G90-G99 Other diseases & disorders of the nervous syst. -0.281 0.064 <.0001-5.747 1.197 <.0001-0.120 0.015 <.0001 G80-G83 Cerebral palsy & other paralytic syndromes -0.097 0.080 0.227-9.611 1.501 <.0001-0.145 0.018 <.0001 H00-H06, H15-H22, H30-H36, H43-H5 Other disorders of the eye etc. 0.850 0.361 0.018 2.234 6.728 0.740-0.078 0.082 0.339 H25-H28 Disorders of lens (including cataracts) -0.262 1.955 0.893-11.316 36.470 0.756 0.393 0.442 0.374 H40-H42 Glaucoma 0.138 1.393 0.921 0.627 25.984 0.981-0.348 0.315 0.268 H60-H95 Diseases of the ear and mastoid process 0.295 0.251 0.241-4.177 4.688 0.373-0.012 0.057 0.837 I00-I09 Rheumatic heart disease -0.136 0.065 0.035-10.760 1.205 <.0001-0.205 0.015 <.0001 I10-I15 Hypertensive diseases -0.498 0.055 <.0001-18.815 1.029 <.0001-0.368 0.012 <.0001 I20-I25 Ischaemic heart diseases -0.532 0.052 <.0001-20.364 0.972 <.0001-0.309 0.012 <.0001 I26-I28 Pulmonary heart disease & diseases of pulmonary circulation -0.365 0.057 <.0001-17.286 1.056 <.0001-0.201 0.013 <.0001 I30-I52 Other forms of heart disease -0.248 0.053 <.0001-13.881 0.981 <.0001-0.210 0.012 <.0001 I60-I69 Cerebrovascular diseases -0.262 0.052 <.0001-11.743 0.976 <.0001-0.189 0.012 <.0001 I70-I79 Diseases of arteries, arterioles & capillaries -0.530 0.053 <.0001-21.504 0.998 <.0001-0.264 0.012 <.0001 I80-I89 Diseases of veins & lymphatic system nec. -0.554 0.056 <.0001-19.677 1.046 <.0001-0.391 0.013 <.0001 I95-I99 Other & unspecified disorders of the circulatory system 0.186 0.293 0.526-12.346 5.462 0.024-0.261 0.066 <.0001 J00-J06 Acute upper respiratory infections -0.826 0.231 0.000-20.463 4.300 <.0001-0.180 0.052 0.001 J10-J18 Influenza & pneumonia -0.266 0.052 <.0001-14.017 0.978 <.0001-0.130 0.012 <.0001 J20-J22 Other acute lower respiratory infections -0.148 0.059 0.013-11.975 1.105 <.0001-0.077 0.013 <.0001 J40-J47 Chronic lower respiratory diseases -0.193 0.053 0.000-13.865 0.980 <.0001-0.185 0.012 <.0001 J60-J70 Lung diseases due to external agents -0.056 0.056 0.320-7.177 1.047 <.0001 0.010 0.013 0.450 J80-J99 Other diseases of the respiratory system -0.292 0.053 <.0001-14.276 0.995 <.0001-0.292 0.012 <.0001 K00-K14 Diseases of oral cavity, salivary glands & jaws 0.051 0.172 0.769-5.871 3.211 0.068 0.072 0.039 0.064 K20-K31 Diseases of oesophagusstomach & duodenum -0.335 0.056 <.0001-17.993 1.046 <.0001-0.051 0.013 <.0001 K35-K38 Diseases of appendix -0.527 0.124 <.0001-20.332 2.319 <.0001 0.050 0.028 0.078 K40-K46 Hernia -0.164 0.065 0.012-18.327 1.217 <.0001 0.052 0.015 0.000 K50-K52 Noninfective enteritis & colitis -0.119 0.068 0.079-8.869 1.260 <.0001 0.004 0.015 0.795 K55-K63 Other diseases of intestines -0.187 0.054 0.001-17.165 1.003 <.0001 0.043 0.012 0.001 K65-K67 Diseases of peritoneum -0.113 0.074 0.125-14.922 1.373 <.0001 0.036 0.017 0.033 K70-K77 Diseases of liver -0.033 0.055 0.548-12.528 1.017 <.0001-0.056 0.012 <.0001 K80-K87 Disorders of gall bladder, biliary tract & pancreas -0.295 0.057 <.0001-15.576 1.061 <.0001 0.052 0.013 <.0001 K90-K93 Other diseases of the digestive system -0.230 0.061 0.000-16.026 1.143 <.0001-0.040 0.014 0.004 L00-L14 L55-L99 Other infections and disorders of the skin -0.090 0.059 0.127-11.758 1.106 <.0001 0.018 0.013 0.174

L20-L30 Dermatitis and eczema 0.025 0.389 0.948-4.788 7.255 0.509 0.212 0.088 0.016 L40-L45 Papulosquamous disorders (including Psoriasis) -0.763 0.317 0.016-17.812 5.920 0.003 0.027 0.072 0.707 L50-L54 Urticaria and erythems -0.320 0.281 0.255-15.104 5.240 0.004 0.051 0.063 0.426 M00-M25 Arthropathies -0.238 0.061 <.0001-10.252 1.129 <.0001-0.086 0.014 <.0001 M30-M36 Systemic connective tissue disorders 0.195 0.077 0.011-3.628 1.432 0.011-0.104 0.017 <.0001 M40-M54 Dorsopathies -0.200 0.082 0.015-5.419 1.527 0.000-0.011 0.019 0.542 M60-M79 Soft tissue disorders -0.309 0.088 0.001-15.454 1.642 <.0001 0.106 0.020 <.0001 M80-M94 Osteopathies and chondropathies -0.111 0.060 0.065-6.574 1.120 <.0001-0.013 0.014 0.330 M95-M99 Other disorders of the musculoskeletal system & conn. tiss. 0.203 0.567 0.720-5.010 10.570 0.636-0.129 0.128 0.313 N00-N08, N10-N16 Diseases of the kidney -0.142 0.062 0.023-10.916 1.161 <.0001-0.248 0.014 <.0001 N17-N19 Renal failure -0.066 0.057 0.250-12.454 1.068 <.0001-0.214 0.013 <.0001 N20-N23 Urolithiasis -0.025 0.111 0.821-6.268 2.073 0.003-0.092 0.025 0.000 N25-N29 Other disorders of kidney & ureter -0.180 0.081 0.026-10.972 1.512 <.0001-0.315 0.018 <.0001 N30-N39 Other diseases of the urinary system -0.065 0.054 0.227-9.582 1.008 <.0001-0.003 0.012 0.793 N40-N51 Diseases of male genital organs 0.017 0.097 0.862-8.260 1.802 <.0001-0.062 0.022 0.005 N60-N64 Disorders of breast -0.180 0.545 0.741-13.872 10.159 0.172-0.046 0.123 0.706 N70-N77 Inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs 0.060 0.174 0.733-10.428 3.251 0.001 0.002 0.039 0.968 N80-N98 Noninflammatory disorders of female genital tract -0.147 0.146 0.313-8.076 2.722 0.003-0.059 0.033 0.076 O00-O08 Pregnancy with abortive outcome -1.201 0.983 0.222-16.886 18.330 0.357 0.426 0.222 0.055 O10-O75, O85-O92, O95-O99 Complications of labour and delivery -0.066 0.208 0.751-17.565 3.874 <.0001 0.136 0.047 0.004 O80-O84 Delivery -0.127 1.386 0.927-1.344 25.858 0.959-0.182 0.313 0.560 P05-P96 Other conditions originating in the perinatal period -0.281 0.374 0.453-4.400 6.975 0.528-0.285 0.085 0.001 Q00-Q89 Congenital malformations -0.074 0.070 0.288-11.271 1.303 <.0001-0.148 0.016 <.0001 Q90-Q99 Chromosomal abnormalities nec. -0.600 0.099 <.0001-17.805 1.842 <.0001-0.236 0.022 <.0001 R00-R09 Symptoms & signs inv. the circulatory/respiratory system -0.792 0.254 0.002-24.761 4.730 <.0001-0.390 0.057 <.0001 R10-R19 Symptoms & signs inv. the digestive system & abdomen -0.518 0.167 0.002-26.385 3.112 <.0001 0.048 0.038 0.199 R25-R29 Symptoms & signs inv. the nervous & musculoskeletal sys. -0.955 1.130 0.398-10.787 21.072 0.609-0.769 0.255 0.003 R30-R39 Symptoms & signs involving the urinary system 0.100 1.956 0.959-30.931 36.484 0.397 0.399 0.442 0.367 R40-R46 Symptoms & signs inv. Cognition, perception etc. -0.991 0.741 0.181-18.298 13.815 0.185-0.237 0.167 0.157 R47-R49 Symptoms & signs inv. speech & voice -1.502 1.955 0.443-30.729 36.473 0.400-0.803 0.442 0.069 R50-R68 General symptoms & signs -0.533 0.054 <.0001-16.869 1.008 <.0001-0.568 0.012 <.0001 R70-R89 Abnormal findings of bodily fluids or samples without diag. -2.330 1.956 0.234-49.420 36.478 0.176 0.208 0.442 0.638 R90-R94 Abnormal findings on diagnostic imaging/function studies -0.024 0.800 0.976-24.458 14.915 0.101-0.086 0.181 0.636 R95-R99 Ill-defined & unknown causes of mortality -0.879 0.070 <.0001-27.365 1.296 <.0001-0.486 0.016 <.0001

T80-T88 Complications of surgical & medical care nec. -0.719 1.384 0.604-17.428 25.813 0.500 0.153 0.313 0.625 Z00-Z13 Examination and investigation -1.208 0.077 <.0001-26.371 1.435 <.0001-0.237 0.017 <.0001 Z20-Z29 Potential health hazards related to communicable diseases -0.590 0.053 <.0001-21.241 0.988 <.0001-0.185 0.012 <.0001 Z30-Z39 Health services in circumstances related to reproduction -1.066 0.202 <.0001-27.252 3.774 <.0001 0.016 0.046 0.726 Z40-Z54 Persons encountering health services for specific care 0.000.. 0.000.. 0.000.. Number of LTCs = none -4.664 0.897 <.0001-86.683 16.739 <.0001-0.392 0.203 0.054 Number of LTCs = 1-4.363 0.897 <.0001-83.703 16.722 <.0001-0.411 0.203 0.043 Number of LTCs = 2-4.124 0.896 <.0001-82.090 16.707 <.0001-0.399 0.202 0.049 Number of LTCs = 3-3.822 0.895 <.0001-79.680 16.695 <.0001-0.393 0.202 0.052 Number of LTCs = 4-3.491 0.895 <.0001-77.063 16.685 <.0001-0.393 0.202 0.052 Number of LTCs = 5-3.090 0.894 0.001-73.865 16.677 <.0001-0.396 0.202 0.050 Number of LTCs = 6-2.660 0.894 0.003-70.584 16.673 <.0001-0.401 0.202 0.048 Number of LTCs = 7-2.050 0.894 0.022-66.046 16.678 <.0001-0.401 0.202 0.047 Number of LTCs = 8-1.114 0.897 0.214-60.568 16.734 0.000-0.440 0.203 0.030 Number of LTCs = 9-0.580 0.922 0.530-58.242 17.200 0.001-0.421 0.208 0.044 Number of LTCs = 10 0.000.. 0.000.. 0.000.. Charlson index 0-1.883 1.955 0.335-172.240 36.461 <.0001-0.337 0.442 0.445 Charlson index 1-1.775 1.955 0.364-171.769 36.461 <.0001-0.393 0.442 0.374 Charlson index 2-1.709 1.955 0.382-172.974 36.461 <.0001-0.408 0.442 0.355 Charlson index 3-1.827 1.955 0.350-174.760 36.461 <.0001-0.448 0.442 0.310 Charlson index 4-1.745 1.955 0.372-175.125 36.461 <.0001-0.451 0.442 0.308 Charlson index 5-1.776 1.955 0.364-175.675 36.461 <.0001-0.475 0.442 0.282 Charlson index 6-1.673 1.955 0.392-175.233 36.461 <.0001-0.470 0.442 0.288 Charlson index 7-1.645 1.955 0.400-176.092 36.462 <.0001-0.481 0.442 0.276 Charlson index 8-1.661 1.955 0.395-175.822 36.461 <.0001-0.469 0.442 0.288 Charlson index 9-1.644 1.955 0.400-177.205 36.463 <.0001-0.494 0.442 0.263 Charlson index 10-1.675 1.955 0.392-177.455 36.464 <.0001-0.479 0.442 0.278 Charlson index 11-1.596 1.955 0.414-177.741 36.468 <.0001-0.509 0.442 0.250 Charlson index 12-1.426 1.956 0.466-176.812 36.478 <.0001-0.496 0.442 0.262 Charlson index 13-1.520 1.956 0.437-178.461 36.491 <.0001-0.522 0.442 0.238 Charlson index 14-1.539 1.959 0.432-174.306 36.530 <.0001-0.490 0.443 0.269 Charlson index 15-0.751 1.963 0.702-177.639 36.621 <.0001-0.470 0.444 0.290 Charlson index 16 0.099 1.979 0.960-171.532 36.914 <.0001-0.363 0.447 0.417 Charlson index 17-2.460 1.993 0.217-189.966 37.183 <.0001-0.723 0.451 0.109

Charlson index 18-2.351 2.029 0.247-193.954 37.836 <.0001-0.673 0.459 0.142 Charlson index 19-2.410 2.117 0.255-194.467 39.482 <.0001-0.643 0.478 0.179 Charlson index 20-3.016 2.395 0.208-207.186 44.664 <.0001-0.879 0.541 0.105 Charlson index 21 0.000.. 0.000.. 0.000.. Asian Other ethnicity 0.141 0.031 <.0001 0.695 0.577 0.228 0.042 0.007 <.0001 Bangladeshi ethnicity 0.387 0.050 <.0001 0.202 0.942 0.830 0.037 0.011 0.001 Black African ethnicity -0.030 0.034 0.370 2.109 0.633 0.001 0.017 0.008 0.028 Black Caribbean ethnicity 0.202 0.023 <.0001 4.709 0.435 <.0001 0.002 0.005 0.725 Black Other ethnicity -0.016 0.036 0.659 2.496 0.665 0.000-0.004 0.008 0.633 Indian ethnicity 0.121 0.020 <.0001 0.021 0.369 0.954 0.063 0.004 <.0001 Other ethnicity -0.073 0.020 0.000-1.341 0.367 0.000 0.015 0.004 0.001 Pakistani ethnicity 0.343 0.027 <.0001-1.057 0.505 0.037 0.062 0.006 <.0001 Unknown ethnicity -0.555 0.008 <.0001-8.333 0.148 <.0001-0.010 0.002 <.0001 White ethnicity 0.000.. 0.000.. 0.000.. IMD (excluding health domain) 0.002 0.000 <.0001 0.042 0.003 <.0001 0.000 0.000 <.0001 Population density (gravity model) 0.148 0.031 <.0001 8.533 0.575 <.0001 0.093 0.007 <.0001 Registered GP practice list size 0.000 0.000 0.330 0.000 0.000 0.056 0.000 0.000 0.064 Registered GP practice FTE staff 0.003 0.001 0.007 0.057 0.018 0.002-0.001 0.000 0.000 Nursing and care home bed density -17.655 3.878 <.0001-523.087 72.341 <.0001-8.904 0.877 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 1 0.148 0.411 0.719 30.783 7.658 <.0001 0.236 0.093 0.011 Predominant hospital, trust 2 0.745 0.335 0.026 51.962 6.255 <.0001 0.118 0.076 0.118 Predominant hospital, trust 3 0.428 0.343 0.212 17.339 6.389 0.007 0.078 0.077 0.311 Predominant hospital, trust 4 0.201 0.435 0.645 37.214 8.112 <.0001 0.092 0.098 0.351 Predominant hospital, trust 5 1.461 0.847 0.084 2.276 15.789 0.885-0.077 0.191 0.687 Predominant hospital, trust 6 0.556 1.975 0.778 8.287 36.833 0.822 0.107 0.446 0.810 Predominant hospital, trust 7 0.079 1.411 0.955-9.174 26.314 0.727 0.026 0.319 0.934 Predominant hospital, trust 8 1.207 0.351 0.001 75.554 6.542 <.0001 0.126 0.079 0.111 Predominant hospital, trust 9 0.593 0.654 0.364 62.266 12.194 <.0001-0.388 0.148 0.009 Predominant hospital, trust 10 0.479 0.297 0.108 29.826 5.549 <.0001 0.069 0.067 0.308 Predominant hospital, trust 11 0.577 0.385 0.134 34.602 7.174 <.0001-0.099 0.087 0.255 Predominant hospital, trust 12 2.535 1.976 0.200 0.187 36.858 0.996-0.229 0.447 0.607 Predominant hospital, trust 13 0.503 0.326 0.123 35.442 6.081 <.0001-0.098 0.074 0.186 Predominant hospital, trust 14 0.437 0.335 0.193 56.082 6.251 <.0001 0.248 0.076 0.001 Predominant hospital, trust 15 0.686 0.321 0.033 25.393 5.990 <.0001-0.025 0.073 0.726

Predominant hospital, trust 16 1.164 0.333 0.001 13.007 6.208 0.036 0.317 0.075 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 17-0.188 1.411 0.894 0.176 26.309 0.995-0.004 0.319 0.990 Predominant hospital, trust 18 0.372 0.460 0.418 29.728 8.578 0.001-0.146 0.104 0.161 Predominant hospital, trust 19 0.565 0.318 0.076 18.367 5.939 0.002 0.253 0.072 0.000 Predominant hospital, trust 20 0.507 0.332 0.127 34.369 6.194 <.0001 0.136 0.075 0.069 Predominant hospital, trust 21 0.441 0.357 0.217 25.375 6.660 0.000-0.089 0.081 0.268 Predominant hospital, trust 22 0.222 1.017 0.827 91.475 18.977 <.0001-0.377 0.230 0.101 Predominant hospital, trust 23 0.845 0.371 0.023 83.320 6.928 <.0001-0.193 0.084 0.022 Predominant hospital, trust 24 0.597 1.411 0.672 11.376 26.309 0.665 0.169 0.319 0.596 Predominant hospital, trust 25-0.257 1.018 0.801-7.812 18.986 0.681 0.112 0.230 0.626 Predominant hospital, trust 26 0.298 0.352 0.397 10.803 6.572 0.100 0.420 0.080 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 27 0.741 0.346 0.032 40.054 6.459 <.0001-0.107 0.078 0.170 Predominant hospital, trust 28-0.206 0.305 0.501 5.338 5.698 0.349 0.488 0.069 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 29-0.207 0.422 0.623 57.002 7.868 <.0001 0.363 0.095 0.000 Predominant hospital, trust 30 0.376 0.349 0.281 32.803 6.512 <.0001-0.042 0.079 0.592 Predominant hospital, trust 31 0.384 0.295 0.193 34.568 5.500 <.0001 0.307 0.067 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 32 0.825 0.297 0.005 23.857 5.538 <.0001 0.111 0.067 0.098 Predominant hospital, trust 33 0.029 0.846 0.973 29.853 15.787 0.059-0.018 0.191 0.927 Predominant hospital, trust 34 0.535 0.372 0.151 34.625 6.947 <.0001 0.159 0.084 0.059 Predominant hospital, trust 35-1.018 1.163 0.381-16.762 21.698 0.440 0.341 0.263 0.195 Predominant hospital, trust 36 0.176 0.460 0.702 13.337 8.576 0.120 0.057 0.104 0.586 Predominant hospital, trust 37 0.225 0.339 0.508 30.596 6.327 <.0001-0.137 0.077 0.075 Predominant hospital, trust 38 0.583 0.611 0.340 32.766 11.402 0.004 0.013 0.138 0.924 Predominant hospital, trust 39 0.300 0.328 0.360 65.824 6.118 <.0001 0.447 0.074 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 40 0.778 0.291 0.008 34.711 5.431 <.0001 0.123 0.066 0.061 Predominant hospital, trust 41 0.524 0.310 0.091 29.117 5.784 <.0001 0.165 0.070 0.018 Predominant hospital, trust 42 0.451 0.325 0.165 8.668 6.058 0.153 0.118 0.073 0.107 Predominant hospital, trust 43 0.524 0.291 0.072 21.116 5.428 0.000 0.117 0.066 0.076 Predominant hospital, trust 44 0.321 0.496 0.518 17.650 9.248 0.056 0.171 0.112 0.127 Predominant hospital, trust 45-0.306 0.919 0.739-7.458 17.132 0.663-0.071 0.208 0.734 Predominant hospital, trust 46 0.051 0.370 0.890 15.303 6.897 0.027-0.033 0.084 0.695 Predominant hospital, trust 47 0.365 0.371 0.325 36.669 6.919 <.0001-0.124 0.084 0.141 Predominant hospital, trust 48 0.779 0.291 0.007 33.360 5.431 <.0001 0.190 0.066 0.004 Predominant hospital, trust 49 0.319 0.325 0.326 13.410 6.058 0.027 0.184 0.073 0.012

Predominant hospital, trust 50 1.174 0.372 0.002 52.858 6.945 <.0001-0.082 0.084 0.332 Predominant hospital, trust 51 0.215 0.313 0.492 8.205 5.839 0.160 0.083 0.071 0.238 Predominant hospital, trust 52 0.457 0.309 0.139 28.569 5.767 <.0001 0.077 0.070 0.268 Predominant hospital, trust 53 0.791 0.298 0.008 22.041 5.553 <.0001 0.089 0.067 0.184 Predominant hospital, trust 54 0.298 0.313 0.341 21.415 5.830 0.000-0.219 0.071 0.002 Predominant hospital, trust 55 0.157 0.364 0.667 40.424 6.796 <.0001 0.199 0.082 0.016 Predominant hospital, trust 56 0.484 0.290 0.095 22.378 5.406 <.0001 0.188 0.066 0.004 Predominant hospital, trust 57 0.387 0.503 0.442-2.901 9.391 0.757-0.045 0.114 0.691 Predominant hospital, trust 58 0.187 0.319 0.558 14.945 5.951 0.012 0.187 0.072 0.010 Predominant hospital, trust 59-0.718 1.975 0.716-32.622 36.836 0.376-0.178 0.446 0.691 Predominant hospital, trust 60 0.532 0.302 0.078 40.221 5.631 <.0001 0.135 0.068 0.048 Predominant hospital, trust 61 0.176 0.317 0.578 30.769 5.909 <.0001 0.168 0.072 0.019 Predominant hospital, trust 62 0.214 0.308 0.486 9.623 5.741 0.094 0.135 0.070 0.052 Predominant hospital, trust 63 0.456 0.291 0.118 24.959 5.436 <.0001 0.171 0.066 0.009 Predominant hospital, trust 64 0.574 0.324 0.076 45.628 6.040 <.0001 0.022 0.073 0.763 Predominant hospital, trust 65-0.134 0.355 0.707 13.686 6.614 0.039 0.208 0.080 0.010 Predominant hospital, trust 66 0.645 0.297 0.030 27.643 5.536 <.0001 0.219 0.067 0.001 Predominant hospital, trust 67 0.205 0.401 0.610 3.131 7.484 0.676 0.246 0.091 0.007 Predominant hospital, trust 68 1.054 0.325 0.001 21.001 6.059 0.001 0.193 0.073 0.009 Predominant hospital, trust 69 0.724 0.305 0.018 9.884 5.694 0.083 0.188 0.069 0.006 Predominant hospital, trust 70 0.442 0.330 0.181 14.997 6.161 0.015 0.240 0.075 0.001 Predominant hospital, trust 71 0.526 0.353 0.137 36.499 6.586 <.0001-0.044 0.080 0.579 Predominant hospital, trust 72 0.455 0.343 0.184 59.172 6.394 <.0001 0.336 0.077 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 73 0.398 0.288 0.167 7.086 5.365 0.187 0.099 0.065 0.127 Predominant hospital, trust 74 1.216 0.310 <.0001 18.511 5.775 0.001 0.197 0.070 0.005 Predominant hospital, trust 75 1.249 0.304 <.0001 40.906 5.671 <.0001 0.106 0.069 0.123 Predominant hospital, trust 76 0.427 0.301 0.157 27.315 5.620 <.0001 0.278 0.068 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 77 0.185 0.376 0.623 39.650 7.016 <.0001 0.043 0.085 0.615 Predominant hospital, trust 78 0.616 0.287 0.032 20.687 5.352 0.000 0.042 0.065 0.514 Predominant hospital, trust 79 0.664 0.311 0.033 24.910 5.799 <.0001 0.047 0.070 0.499 Predominant hospital, trust 80 0.935 0.289 0.001 25.297 5.392 <.0001 0.115 0.065 0.079 Predominant hospital, trust 81 0.826 0.289 0.004 37.083 5.396 <.0001 0.193 0.065 0.003 Predominant hospital, trust 82 1.156 0.386 0.003 58.007 7.204 <.0001 0.146 0.087 0.094 Predominant hospital, trust 83 0.587 0.290 0.043 31.861 5.403 <.0001 0.114 0.065 0.081

Predominant hospital, trust 84 0.820 0.286 0.004 23.122 5.340 <.0001 0.119 0.065 0.067 Predominant hospital, trust 85 0.577 0.312 0.064 29.343 5.815 <.0001 0.324 0.070 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 86 0.039 0.284 0.892 1.339 5.296 0.800 0.118 0.064 0.065 Predominant hospital, trust 87-0.016 0.321 0.962 17.530 5.995 0.004 0.523 0.073 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 88 0.304 0.338 0.368 16.408 6.301 0.009 0.331 0.076 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 89 0.261 0.327 0.426 22.434 6.106 0.000 0.256 0.074 0.001 Predominant hospital, trust 90 1.307 0.791 0.099 9.204 14.752 0.533 0.114 0.179 0.524 Predominant hospital, trust 91 0.322 0.503 0.522 4.515 9.389 0.631 0.085 0.114 0.457 Predominant hospital, trust 92 0.409 0.653 0.532 23.490 12.188 0.054-0.014 0.148 0.925 Predominant hospital, trust 93-0.243 1.975 0.902-11.649 36.837 0.752-0.049 0.446 0.913 Predominant hospital, trust 94 0.667 0.564 0.238 18.618 10.526 0.077 0.136 0.128 0.288 Predominant hospital, trust 95 0.055 1.975 0.978 4.067 36.832 0.912 0.136 0.446 0.760 Predominant hospital, trust 96-0.230 0.327 0.482-12.124 6.098 0.047 0.556 0.074 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 97 0.025 1.411 0.986 73.259 26.312 0.005-0.401 0.319 0.209 Predominant hospital, trust 98 0.562 0.680 0.409 10.764 12.675 0.396 0.260 0.154 0.091 Predominant hospital, trust 99-0.290 0.401 0.470-5.728 7.484 0.444 0.117 0.091 0.199 Predominant hospital, trust 100-0.620 0.326 0.057-8.967 6.074 0.140-0.002 0.074 0.979 Predominant hospital, trust 101-0.651 0.321 0.043-8.306 5.995 0.166 0.084 0.073 0.250 Predominant hospital, trust 102-0.587 0.358 0.101-7.896 6.675 0.237-0.027 0.081 0.739 Predominant hospital, trust 103-0.274 0.428 0.522-1.337 7.978 0.867 0.084 0.097 0.383 Predominant hospital, trust 104-0.223 0.489 0.648-5.808 9.115 0.524 0.026 0.110 0.813 Predominant hospital, trust 105-0.205 0.679 0.762-9.226 12.673 0.467 0.016 0.154 0.915 Predominant hospital, trust 106-0.791 0.294 0.007-10.407 5.486 0.058 0.047 0.066 0.482 Predominant hospital, trust 107-0.383 0.315 0.225-2.653 5.883 0.652 0.061 0.071 0.395 Predominant hospital, trust 108-1.029 0.476 0.031-13.443 8.881 0.130-0.122 0.108 0.257 Predominant hospital, trust 109-0.614 0.552 0.266-3.075 10.291 0.765-0.149 0.125 0.233 Predominant hospital, trust 110-0.922 1.017 0.365-30.860 18.974 0.104 0.331 0.230 0.150 Predominant hospital, trust 111-0.221 1.163 0.849-6.235 21.699 0.774-0.048 0.263 0.856 Predominant hospital, trust 112-0.743 0.297 0.012-6.746 5.534 0.223 0.066 0.067 0.323 Predominant hospital, trust 113 0.339 0.377 0.370-8.814 7.041 0.211 0.026 0.085 0.765 Predominant hospital, trust 114-0.792 1.411 0.574-17.171 26.311 0.514 0.556 0.319 0.081 Predominant hospital, trust 115-0.725 0.294 0.014-7.428 5.488 0.176 0.024 0.067 0.722 Predominant hospital, trust 116-0.714 0.654 0.275-18.815 12.190 0.123 0.070 0.148 0.638 Predominant hospital, trust 117-0.708 1.411 0.616-11.325 26.311 0.667 0.141 0.319 0.659

Predominant hospital, trust 118-0.404 1.017 0.692-4.446 18.974 0.815-0.172 0.230 0.455 Predominant hospital, trust 119-0.339 0.530 0.522-11.663 9.884 0.238 0.015 0.120 0.897 Predominant hospital, trust 120 0.328 1.975 0.868 13.062 36.832 0.723 0.057 0.446 0.899 Predominant hospital, trust 121-2.730 1.975 0.167-0.564 36.837 0.988 0.840 0.446 0.060 Predominant hospital, trust 122 0.394 0.319 0.216 28.959 5.943 <.0001 0.266 0.072 0.000 Predominant hospital, trust 123 0.184 0.411 0.654 54.802 7.657 <.0001-0.059 0.093 0.523 Predominant hospital, trust 124 0.648 0.346 0.062 22.504 6.459 0.001 0.242 0.078 0.002 Predominant hospital, trust 125 0.383 0.324 0.237 25.820 6.034 <.0001 0.186 0.073 0.011 Predominant hospital, trust 126 0.595 0.283 0.036 7.028 5.286 0.184 0.127 0.064 0.047 Predominant hospital, trust 127 0.145 0.284 0.609 3.456 5.296 0.514 0.108 0.064 0.093 Predominant hospital, trust 128 0.300 0.284 0.291 5.601 5.296 0.290 0.122 0.064 0.057 Predominant hospital, trust 129 0.247 0.283 0.383 4.132 5.282 0.434 0.119 0.064 0.063 Predominant hospital, trust 130 0.569 0.283 0.045 0.168 5.286 0.975 0.118 0.064 0.066 Predominant hospital, trust 131 0.210 0.283 0.459-4.393 5.285 0.406 0.036 0.064 0.576 Predominant hospital, trust 132 0.400 0.283 0.158 0.532 5.279 0.920 0.147 0.064 0.021 Predominant hospital, trust 133 0.508 0.284 0.074 3.842 5.300 0.469 0.084 0.064 0.190 Predominant hospital, trust 134-0.643 0.320 0.045 2.187 5.970 0.714 0.017 0.072 0.816 Predominant hospital, trust 135 0.449 0.285 0.115 6.853 5.311 0.197 0.166 0.064 0.010 Predominant hospital, trust 136 0.405 0.284 0.155 1.988 5.303 0.708 0.152 0.064 0.018 Predominant hospital, trust 137 0.582 0.338 0.085 33.353 6.312 <.0001-0.025 0.076 0.743 Predominant hospital, trust 138 0.430 0.284 0.130 5.896 5.294 0.265 0.112 0.064 0.080 Predominant hospital, trust 139 0.476 0.283 0.093 4.987 5.283 0.345 0.101 0.064 0.113 Predominant hospital, trust 140-0.315 0.355 0.374 6.028 6.614 0.362 0.002 0.080 0.981 Predominant hospital, trust 141 0.364 0.284 0.199 7.637 5.291 0.149 0.153 0.064 0.017 Predominant hospital, trust 142 0.045 0.356 0.900 6.002 6.645 0.366 0.001 0.081 0.991 Predominant hospital, trust 143 0.078 0.284 0.784 4.355 5.288 0.410 0.155 0.064 0.016 Predominant hospital, trust 144 0.415 0.283 0.143 4.439 5.279 0.400 0.144 0.064 0.024 Predominant hospital, trust 145 0.294 0.283 0.299 1.879 5.282 0.722 0.097 0.064 0.129 Predominant hospital, trust 146-0.382 0.291 0.189-5.619 5.419 0.300 0.042 0.066 0.526 Predominant hospital, trust 147 2.362 0.355 <.0001 24.073 6.617 0.000 0.225 0.080 0.005 Predominant hospital, trust 148 0.398 0.283 0.160 9.580 5.286 0.070 0.153 0.064 0.017 Predominant hospital, trust 149 1.875 0.285 <.0001 4.986 5.309 0.348 0.079 0.064 0.221 Predominant hospital, trust 150 0.491 0.284 0.083 6.755 5.291 0.202 0.135 0.064 0.035 Predominant hospital, trust 151 0.078 0.284 0.785 1.181 5.293 0.823 0.129 0.064 0.044

Predominant hospital, trust 152 0.457 0.285 0.109 7.597 5.318 0.153 0.138 0.064 0.032 Predominant hospital, trust 153 0.315 0.284 0.267 3.316 5.289 0.531 0.138 0.064 0.032 Predominant hospital, trust 154 0.401 0.283 0.157 6.091 5.283 0.249 0.148 0.064 0.021 Predominant hospital, trust 155 0.084 0.284 0.767 2.216 5.289 0.675 0.120 0.064 0.062 Predominant hospital, trust 156 0.146 0.284 0.607 3.566 5.295 0.501 0.115 0.064 0.072 Predominant hospital, trust 157 0.125 0.284 0.659 0.233 5.294 0.965 0.063 0.064 0.323 Predominant hospital, trust 158 2.204 0.367 <.0001 11.501 6.848 0.093 0.147 0.083 0.077 Predominant hospital, trust 159 0.093 0.283 0.742 5.696 5.285 0.281 0.157 0.064 0.014 Predominant hospital, trust 160 0.336 0.283 0.235 5.544 5.280 0.294 0.125 0.064 0.050 Predominant hospital, trust 161 0.496 0.283 0.080 7.994 5.287 0.131 0.216 0.064 0.001 Predominant hospital, trust 162 0.268 0.284 0.344 4.305 5.288 0.416 0.101 0.064 0.115 Predominant hospital, trust 163 0.503 0.284 0.076 5.071 5.295 0.338 0.110 0.064 0.087 Predominant hospital, trust 164 0.221 0.283 0.436 7.986 5.285 0.131 0.192 0.064 0.003 Predominant hospital, trust 165 0.164 0.283 0.563 1.041 5.278 0.844 0.117 0.064 0.068 Predominant hospital, trust 166 0.652 0.303 0.032 28.828 5.656 <.0001 0.191 0.069 0.005 Predominant hospital, trust 167 0.227 0.283 0.422 4.014 5.287 0.448 0.095 0.064 0.138 Predominant hospital, trust 168 0.506 0.302 0.094 54.525 5.640 <.0001 0.193 0.068 0.005 Predominant hospital, trust 169 0.441 0.283 0.119 8.052 5.280 0.127 0.199 0.064 0.002 Predominant hospital, trust 170 0.308 0.284 0.278 15.643 5.298 0.003 0.253 0.064 <.0001 Predominant hospital, trust 171 0.395 0.283 0.163 3.687 5.277 0.485 0.101 0.064 0.114 Predominant hospital, trust 172 0.266 0.283 0.347 5.492 5.281 0.298 0.123 0.064 0.054 Predominant hospital, trust 173 1.208 0.290 <.0001 1.661 5.408 0.759 0.041 0.066 0.534 Predominant hospital, trust 174 1.267 0.321 <.0001 3.529 5.983 0.555-0.001 0.072 0.990 Predominant hospital, trust 175-0.371 0.300 0.216-3.350 5.597 0.549 0.137 0.068 0.043 Predominant hospital, trust 176 0.332 0.283 0.242 5.214 5.280 0.323 0.163 0.064 0.011 Predominant hospital, trust 177 0.484 0.284 0.088 3.471 5.290 0.512 0.143 0.064 0.026 Predominant hospital, trust 178 0.514 0.283 0.070 5.062 5.287 0.338 0.166 0.064 0.010 Predominant hospital, trust 179 0.278 0.283 0.326 7.232 5.285 0.171 0.172 0.064 0.007 Predominant hospital, trust 180 0.618 0.285 0.030 7.790 5.309 0.142 0.158 0.064 0.014 Predominant hospital, trust 181 0.009 0.298 0.977 0.647 5.567 0.907-0.052 0.067 0.444 Predominant hospital, trust 182 0.133 0.294 0.651-1.523 5.492 0.782-0.030 0.067 0.648 Predominant hospital, trust 183 0.515 0.284 0.070 6.091 5.295 0.250 0.208 0.064 0.001 Predominant hospital, trust 184 0.418 0.370 0.258 54.266 6.897 <.0001 0.001 0.084 0.992 Predominant hospital, trust 185 0.344 0.288 0.233-0.924 5.378 0.864 0.056 0.065 0.387

Predominant hospital, trust 186 0.090 0.283 0.750 1.274 5.284 0.809 0.102 0.064 0.113 Predominant hospital, trust 187 0.414 0.283 0.144 4.051 5.285 0.443 0.141 0.064 0.027 Predominant hospital, trust 188 0.233 0.283 0.410 2.253 5.280 0.670 0.096 0.064 0.134 Predominant hospital, trust 189 0.234 0.284 0.410 5.534 5.289 0.295 0.105 0.064 0.101 Predominant hospital, trust 190 0.372 0.283 0.189 5.288 5.280 0.317 0.102 0.064 0.112 Predominant hospital, trust 191 0.547 0.301 0.070 10.599 5.620 0.059-0.053 0.068 0.438 Predominant hospital, trust 192 0.437 0.303 0.150 19.769 5.653 0.001 0.059 0.069 0.390 Predominant hospital, trust 193 0.544 0.283 0.055 4.680 5.279 0.375 0.131 0.064 0.041 Predominant hospital, trust 194-0.004 0.304 0.989 40.565 5.678 <.0001 0.091 0.069 0.186 Predominant hospital, trust 195 0.401 0.283 0.157 7.914 5.278 0.134 0.172 0.064 0.007 Predominant hospital, trust 196 0.525 0.283 0.063 9.329 5.274 0.077 0.192 0.064 0.003 Predominant hospital, trust 197 0.267 0.283 0.345 2.563 5.275 0.627 0.110 0.064 0.085 Predominant hospital, trust 198 0.192 0.283 0.498 2.344 5.281 0.657 0.145 0.064 0.024 Predominant hospital, trust 199 0.282 0.284 0.321 3.509 5.295 0.508 0.072 0.064 0.260 Predominant hospital, trust 200 0.366 0.285 0.198 4.432 5.307 0.404 0.147 0.064 0.023 Predominant hospital, trust 201 0.258 0.284 0.363 4.124 5.293 0.436 0.135 0.064 0.035 Predominant hospital, trust 202 0.245 0.284 0.389 1.918 5.293 0.717 0.105 0.064 0.102 Predominant hospital, trust 203 1.019 0.349 0.004 46.392 6.506 <.0001 0.044 0.079 0.580 Predominant hospital, trust 204 0.187 0.284 0.510 10.421 5.293 0.049 0.142 0.064 0.027 Predominant hospital, trust 205 0.001 0.284 0.996 0.179 5.292 0.973 0.077 0.064 0.227 Predominant hospital, trust 206 0.439 0.283 0.120 6.817 5.275 0.196 0.135 0.064 0.034 Predominant hospital, trust 207 0.417 0.284 0.142 4.063 5.291 0.443 0.172 0.064 0.007 Predominant hospital, trust 208 0.276 0.283 0.330 0.701 5.277 0.894 0.134 0.064 0.036 Predominant hospital, trust 209 0.201 0.284 0.478 1.235 5.296 0.816 0.100 0.064 0.119 Predominant hospital, trust 210 0.395 0.284 0.164 7.700 5.291 0.146 0.133 0.064 0.038 Predominant hospital, trust 211 0.320 0.284 0.260 3.517 5.296 0.507 0.103 0.064 0.108 Predominant hospital, trust 212 0.319 0.283 0.260 3.066 5.282 0.562 0.168 0.064 0.009 Predominant hospital, trust 213 0.236 0.283 0.405 2.635 5.277 0.618 0.097 0.064 0.131 Predominant hospital, trust 214 0.175 0.283 0.537 3.586 5.278 0.497 0.132 0.064 0.039 Predominant hospital, trust 215 0.479 0.286 0.094 5.454 5.328 0.306 0.093 0.065 0.151 Predominant hospital, trust 216 0.112 0.360 0.755 63.490 6.708 <.0001 0.005 0.081 0.949 Predominant hospital, trust 217-0.261 0.318 0.413 3.598 5.936 0.545-0.065 0.072 0.364 Predominant hospital, trust 218 0.217 0.283 0.443 1.296 5.280 0.806 0.136 0.064 0.034 Predominant hospital, trust 219 0.382 0.283 0.178 7.084 5.280 0.180 0.217 0.064 0.001