Commission for a Socially Sustainable Malmö Building Partnership to Improve Lives Anna Balkfors Director Institute for Sustaniable Urban Development Head secretary, Commission for a Socially Sustaniable Malmö anna@isumalmo.se www.malmo.se/kommission www@isumalmo.se Building Partnership to improve lives, Lisbon 2015-07-07
Malmö 302 000 inhabitants Population growing 22 years in a row 30 % born abroad 174 languages Young population: 48% under 35 years
Malmö a sustainable city! Protecting the ecosystem services and resilience UN Scroll of Honor Environment Access to social services, education, security, participation Health and Wellbeing Resources and power are distributed fairly, Equitably and equal Social benefits Employment rate Child poverty Education leval Participation in general elections Life expectancy Social Economy Economic growth Distribution of wealth Reduced tax base 62% are employed Increased income inequality
Create social conditions that will ensure good health, on equal terms, for the entire population. 1. Participation and influence in society 2. Economic and social prerequisites 3. Conditions during childhood and adolescence 4. Health in working life 5. Environments and products 6. Health-promoting health services 7. Protection against communicable diseases 8. Sexuality and reproductive health 9. Physical activity 10. Eating habits and food 11. Tobacco, alcohol, illicit drugs, doping and gambling The swedish national public health policy
Geographic differences Lowest Differences Highest 27% 73 100% 59% 25 84% Education General election 11% 50 61% Child poverty 7 % 25 32% Smoking 35% 38 75% Employment rate 74.6 yrs 6.422 70 81 yrs Life expectancy Source: Välfärdsredovisningen Malmö 2011, City of Malmö
Commission on Social Determinants of Health 2005-2008
Increasing health inequalituies between countries, within countries, in cities 55 yrs 44 yrs Women Japan - women Zimbabwe Men Island men Swaziland WHO (2008): Closing the gap in a generation
Life expectancy at birth, WHO:s European region (53 countries) Source; Social Determinants of Health and the Health Divide, WHO Europe
What causes health inequalities? Social determinants of health and the condition in which people grow, live, work and age shaped by political, social and economic forces, determine health inequalities between countries, within countries and in cities. WHO (2008) Closing the gap in a generation
Source: Dahlgren and Whitehead (1991): Social determinants of health
Reducing health inequality is an ethical imperative. Social injustice is killing people on a grand scale WHO (2018) Closing the gap in a generation
Remaining average life expectancy at 30 for women and men according to educational level in 1991-2010, Commission for a socially sustaniable Malmö (2013)
The proportion of men and women with self-reported poor health based on education level. Commission for a socially sustaniable Malmö (2013)
Commission for a Socially Sustainable Malmö Appointed by Malmö City Executive Board Independent commission Evidence based objectives and strategies on how to reduce health inequalities; social determinants of health - Conditions during childhood and adolescence - Participation and influence in society - Social and economic conditions - Final report March 2013 - Broad consultation process - Decision taken by the City executive board february 2014 - Action involving all political areas and in partnership
The commission 14 commissionaires Chairman and Head Secretary, communication -Senior advisers -Broad consultation
Dialogue Dialogue: growth - wellfare Workshop: Reduce child poverty Seminar: Education Kommission för ett socialt hållbart Malmö
Two overarching recommendations A social investment policy that can reduce inequalities in living conditions and make societal systems more equitable Change processes by creating knowledge alliances and democratised governance
Calculation of return on investment in human capital for children from resource-poor conditions from a life perspective, Heckman, 2006 in Commission for a socially sustaniable Malmö (2013)
The City budget 2015 All the city deparments shall work with social investments and build knowledge alliances
24 targets 72 recommendations 1. Everyday conditions of children and young people 2. Urban planning 3. Education 4. Income and work 5. Healthcare 6. Changed processes: governance
1.1 Families with poor socio-economiy 1.1 Halve child poverty by 2020 - Develop and implement a local action plan - to reduce child poverty - Establish a municipal family support package - Increase the municipal income support to families with long-term livelihood support. - Support children of households with long - term livelihood support with recreational and cultural activities
4: Income and work 1.Income and livelihood 2.Labour market 3.Working environment 4.Unpaid work
Business engagement for a socially sustanable Malmö
2. Urban planning 2.2 Urban planning should help to reduce segregation - Social impact assessments - decision concerning physical investments - Social clauses - Develop and intensify efforts to mix types of housing, workplaces and service - Convert barriers - physical and mental - Two grand urban improvement projects - Building on dialogue
Physical barriers FROM PARKING LOT TO ACTIVITY SPACE Engaging local youths New models for participatory processes
THE CONTINUATION Interventions supporting gender equality Empowerment of the girls Spin-off processes
A Health in All Policy Building Partnership to Improve Lives not complicated - complex change in mind set change in action monitor and understand the actual problems no data no problem, no problem no action! a clear political demand political courage successful/ useful collaboration between researchers stakeholders
Anna Balkfors, Building Partnership to improve lives, Lisbon 2015-07-07