Results of the implementation of the Rabies co-financed eradication programme in 2011 ESTONIA Veterinary and Food Board of Estonia SCFCAH, 10-11 September 2012, Brussels Photo:: Jan Siimson
Legal framework EU legal basis: Commission Decision 2010/712/EC Commission Decision 2011/862/EU Relevant Estonian legal acts: Infectious Animal Disease Control Act (16 June 1999) Regulation of Minister of Agriculture No 67 (20. November 2000) Rules for Rabies Prevention State Program of Rabies Eradication approved by Degree of DG of Veterinary and Food Board 09.03.2011 no. 63 State Program of Monitoring and Surveillance of Infectious Diseases approved annually by CVO
Spread of sylivatic rabies in Estonia 1968-2010 900 800 700 600 813 2005 autumn: start of OVF 500 Cases 400 300 200 100 61 186 167 91 53 187 297 127 75 243 221 224 162 256 256 308 251 451 343 258 164 272 254 110 160 108 422 150 170 167 74 99 120 130 314 266 114 0 1968 3 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 4 3 2008 3 2009 Years Last human case in 1986. 3
Species affected Reservoir animals- raccoon dogs, red foxes Infection across the species 1968-2006:
OV in years 2005-2010 First large-scale OV, autumn 2005 in 25 540 km2 area, northern part of Estonia 2006-2010 - vaccination in total territory of Republic Area suitable for dropping ~43 000 km2 Two seasonal campaigns: spring (May, early June) autumn (September, October) Baiting density: 20 baits/km2 of SAG 2 baits Distribution: manually from fixed-wing planes Dropping lines interval: 600 m No additional hand- distribution by land Efficiency control in target animals Disease surveillance: all-the-year-round
Rabies cases in 2006-2009
OV of wildlife in 2011(1) OV carried out only in buffer-zone with neighbouring countries Depth of immune belt: 30 km in north east Russian border near river Narva 50 km in south-east Estonian-Russian land border 20 km in south between Estonia-Latvia Total territory of buffer zone 9 325 sq km. Urban areas, roads, water bodies and wet fields excluded from area.
OV of wildlife in 2011(2) 2 campaigns per year: Spring - from 16 th to 26 th May Autumn- 12 th to 25 th of September Vaccine baits used: Rabigen SAG2 Baiting density: 20 baits/km 2 373 200 baits distributed in total 186 400 baits in spring 186 800 baits in autumn Distribution by fixed-wing planes type Cesna 172 Bait- dropping carried out by trained stuff by hand Distance between dropping lines 600m Altitude form ground 100-150 m Flight speed 160-180 km/h
OV of wildlife in 2011 (3) GPS system (GARMIN 196) for tracking No additional manual distribution 10 samples from all vaccine batches sent to ANSES Nancy for titration, results should be available before start of OV Refrigerated lorry in airfields Continuous checks on maintenance of cold-chain Efficiency control ( July 2011 March 2012) Passive surveillance all year round 9
Evaluation of vaccination campaigns efficacy Investigations in VFL Tartu and Tallinn dep. Rabies prevalence continuous passive surveillance active surveillance Methods in use FAT, PCR, bioassay-cc Bait consumption: tetracycline marks in canines Age determination of all tested animals Immunisation: titration of rabies antibodies by ELISA Genotyping of positive cases Sample collection ratio planned: 4 suspected /indicator animals /100 km 2 of total territory 4 animals/100 km 2 for detection of bait-uptake and seroconvertion in OV area
Rabies situation in 2011 No of reservoir animals tested for virus: 1839 625 foxes 1214 rac. dogs Number of suspected animals tested for virus: 210 wildlife- 165 domestic- 45 Positive case identified in ANSES- genotype 1 RABV.
Results of marker detection in 2011 Hunting density obtained 4,3 animals per 100 sq km. Species Head results Samples collected Pos Neg racoon dog 289 245 44 fox 149 119 30 Total 438 364 74 ~83% of tested animals found positive (~ 80% of foxes, ~ 85% of racoon dogs)
Results of seroconvertion in 2011 ELISA (Bio-Rad Platelia) test used (cut-off point 0,3 IU) The average sampling density obtained 4,6 animals per 100 sq km Species Blood Samples results collected Pos Neg racoon dog 274 129 145 fox 155 62 93 total 429 191 238 ~45% of tested animals found positive (~ 40% of foxes, ~ 47% of racoon dogs)
Financial aspects 2011 All main costs in total (VAT incl): 521 412 Vaccine supply + distribution 364 421 Samples collection 24 152 Laboratory investigations 128 846 Information campaign 2 953 Eligible costs in total (VAT excl.): 428 206 Maximum amount of Community co-financing (Commission Decision 2010/712/EC as amended by 2011/862/EU): 570 000 EUR
OV in year 2012 Continuation of OV in buffer zone (9350 km2) along the borders with Russian Federation, Latvian Republic Spring campaign enforced 14 th to 22 th of May Autumn campaign begins 17.09. Distribution strategy, baiting density, vaccine in use similar as in past Monitoring OV (bait consumption, herd immunity) started in July No rabies cases found in 2012 until nowadays.
Photo: Sven Zacek Thank you for your attention!