Passport for the Orthopedic Boards and FRCS Examination

Passport for the Orthopedic Boards and FRCS Examination

Cyril Mauffrey David J. Hak Editors Passport for the Orthopedic Boards and FRCS Examination

Editors Cyril Mauffrey, MD, FACS, FRCS Director of Orthopaedic Trauma Denver Health Medical Center Associate Professor of Orthopaedics University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver USA David J. Hak, MD, FACS, MBA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Denver Health Medical Center Professor of Orthopaedics University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver USA ISBN 978-2-8178-0474-3 ISBN 978-2-8178-0475-0 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-2-8178-0475-0 Springer Paris Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2015931086 Springer-Verlag France 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm Winston Churchill We collectively dedicate this book to our hardworking residents from the University of Colorado School of Medicine. This book is dedicated to my wife Marzia and daughters Oceane, Manon and Chiara. Their love and support is my engine. To my parents for leading the way by example. Cyril Mauffrey For Kimberly and Hailey, whose love and support make all things possible David Hak

Contents Part I Anatomy and Surgical Approaches David Seligson and Jason M. McKean Upper Limb Anatomy and Surgical Approaches.................... 3 Jason M. McKean and David Seligson Lower Limb Anatomy and Surgical Approaches.................... 29 Jason M. McKean, John Riehl, and David Seligson Spine Anatomy and Surgical Approaches.......................... 57 Jason M. McKean and David Seligson Part II Basic Sciences Gregory J. Della Rocca Tissues....................................................... 69 Sharath S. Bellary, Wellington K. Hsu, Phuc Dang, Ranjan Gupta, Bastián Uribe-Echevarría, Brian R. Wolf, Matthew T. Provencher, Daniel J. Gross, Amun Makani, and Petar Golijanin Orthopaedic Diseases........................................... 99 Susan V. Bukata, Katherine Edwards, Amanda Marshall, Brian A. Mosier, Daniel T. Altman, Joyce M. Wilson, Michael Pensak, and Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Materials and Biomechanics..................................... 129 Brett D. Crist, Ajay Aggarwal, Charles Lewis, Ferris M. Pfeiffer, and Trent M. Guess Statistics and Research & Diagnostic Imaging...................... 139 David A. Volgas and Julia R. Crim vii

viii Contents Part III Orthopaedic Trauma General Principles............................................. 153 Assessment and Principles of Treatment........................... 157 Upper Extremity Trauma....................................... 163 Pelvis and Lower Extremity Trauma.............................. 237 Complications of Trauma....................................... 337 Part IV Spine General Topics................................................ 345 Inflammatory Disorders........................................ 353 Trauma...................................................... 357 Deformity.................................................... 377 Degenerative Disorders......................................... 389 Miscellaneous................................................. 405 Part V Paediatric Orthopaedics Ashok Johari and Ratna Maheshwari Juvenile Arthritis.............................................. 415 Birth Injuries................................................. 419 Cerebral Palsy................................................ 425

Contents ix Deformities................................................... 437 Limb-Length Discrepancy....................................... 463 Paediatric Hip Conditions....................................... 469 Paediatric Feet Conditions...................................... 501 Ashok Johari, Ratna Johari, and Shalin Maheshwari Neuromuscular Conditions...................................... 519 Neuromuscular Junction Conditions.............................. 535 Conditions Affecting Muscle Tissue............................... 539 Pediatric Bone and Joint Infections............................... 549 Other Paediatric Topics......................................... 559 Ashok Johari, Ratna Maheshwari, Ratna Johari, and Shalin Maheshwari Part VI Shoulder and Elbow William Levine and Jonathan Danoff Shoulder..................................................... 611 Jonathan Danoff, Danielle Rome, Stephanie Gancarczyk, and William Levine Elbow........................................................ 649 Jonathan Danoff, Danielle Rome, Stephanie Gancarczyk, and William Levine Part VII Wrist and Hand Steven Maschke and Abhishek Julka Wrist........................................................ 679 Abhishek Julka and Steven Maschke Hand........................................................ 693 Abhishek Julka and Steven Maschke Miscellaneous Conditions Affecting the Wrist and/or the Hand........ 709 Abhishek Julka and Steven Maschke

x Contents Part VIII Lower Limb Reconstruction Thomas P. Sculco and Michael B. Cross Hip Reconstruction............................................ 727 Michael B. Cross, Thomas P. Sculco, Brandon J. Erickson, Alexander Christ, Wayne G. Paprosky, Benjamin F. Ricciardi, Bryan D. Haughom, Jared M. Newman, Aleksey Dvorzhinskiy, Michael Hellman, Matthew P. Abdel, and Benjamin McArthur Knee Reconstruction........................................... 777 Robert Burns, Natalie L. Zusman, Michael B. Cross, Alexander S. McLawhorn, Rachel M. Frank, Bryan D. Haughom, Peter K. Sculco, Matthew P. Abdel, Brandon J. Erickson, Michael Hellman, Nicolas M. Fort, and Natalie L. Zusman Part IX Foot and Ankle Surgery Anish R. Kadakia General Principles............................................. 837 Anish R. Kadakia, Paul J. Switaj, Bryant S. Ho, Mohammed Alshouli, Daniel Fuchs, and George Ochengele Hindfoot..................................................... 849 Anish R. Kadakia, Paul J. Switaj, Bryant S. Ho, Mohammed Alshouli, Daniel Fuchs, and George Ochengele Midfoot...................................................... 879 Anish R. Kadakia, Paul J. Switaj, Bryant S. Ho, Mohammed Alshouli, Daniel Fuchs, and George Ochengele Forefoot...................................................... 895 Anish R. Kadakia, Paul J. Switaj, Bryant S. Ho, Mohammed Alshouli, Daniel Fuchs, and George Ochengele Generalized Conditions......................................... 931 Anish R. Kadakia, Paul J. Switaj, Bryant S. Ho, Mohammed Alshouli, Daniel Fuchs, and George Ochengele Part X Amputation and Prosthetics Katherine Payne and Jessica Pruente Amputation and Prosthetics of the Lower Extremity................. 977 Katherine Payne and Jessica Pruente Amputation and Prosthetics of the Upper Extremity................. 985 Katherine Payne and Jessica Pruente

Contents xi Part XI Sports Surgery Freddie Fu, Dharmesh Vyas, and James M. Bullock Knee........................................................ 991 James M. Bullock, Scott Kling, Justin Arner, Joseph Labrum, Freddie Fu, and Dharmesh Vyas Hip........................................................ 1041 Joseph Labrum, Justin Arner, Scott Kling, and James M. Bullock Part XII Orthopedic Pathology Frank J. Frassica, Renee Genoa, and Gregory Osgood Adult Patient with a Destructive Bone Lesion (Ages 40 80+ Year)..... 1065 Frank J. Frassica, Renee Genoa, and Gregory Osgood Evaluation of Patients Between 10 and 40 Years of Age (Young Patient). 1071 Frank J. Frassica, Renee Genoa, and Gregory Osgood Evaluation of Patients with a Soft Tissue Mass...................... 1075 Frank J. Frassica, Renee Genoa, and Gregory Osgood Characteristic Radiographic Appearances......................... 1079 Frank J. Frassica, Renee Genoa, and Gregory Osgood