Virginia Student Services Conference Wintergreen, VA November, 2014
Presented By David S. Anderson, Ph.D. Professor George Mason University Paige Allen Hawkins, M.Ed. Substance Abuse Prevention Specialist James Madison University
Workshop Objectives 1. To understand the nature and scope of drug and alcohol problems and issues currently on campus 2. To gain insights and strategies regarding a range of issues, topics and controversies 3. To understand the importance and components of a comprehensive approach 4. To learn about best practices and other resources 5. To identify opportunities for collaboration and involvement on campus
Workshop Outline Welcome Our Heart: A Quick Assessment Substance Abuse: A National Perspective Issues, Topics and Controversies Understanding a Comprehensive Approach Best Practices Overview Collaboration Future Action Wrap-up and Evaluation
Our Heart: A Quick Assessment
OUR HEART: A QUICK ASSESSMENT
Substance Abuse: A National Perspective
The Nature of the Problem 22 million Americans are classified with substance abuse or dependence problems (SAMHSA) 8,000 people are trying drugs for the first time every day (SAMHSA) 1 million people are receiving treatment for drug or alcohol addiction (SAMHSA) Patients with alcohol use problems consume more than 15% of the national healthcare budget (SAMHSA) Approximately 1,800 college students die every year due to alcohol abuse (NIAAA)
COLLEGE STUDENT DRINKING PATTERNS Monitoring the Future
CAMPUS EFFORT and HEAVY DRINKING OVER TIME Percent of Student Use 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 Heavier Drinking 1997 Year 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 Campus Effort Monitoring the Future
TRADITIONAL-AGE COLLEGE STUDENTS: ALCOHOL USE IN LAST 30 DAYS 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 http://monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/mtf-vol2_2012.pdf
50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 TRADITIONAL-AGE COLLEGE STUDENTS: DRUNK IN LAST 30 DAYS http://monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/mtf-vol2_2012.pdf
25 TRADITIONAL-AGE COLLEGE STUDENTS: 30 DAY USE OF MARIJUANA 20 15 10 5 0 http://monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/mtf-vol2_2012.pdf
25 TRADITIONAL-AGE COLLEGE STUDENTS: 30 DAY USE OF ECSTASY 20 15 10 5 0 http://monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/mtf-vol2_2012.pdf
TRADITIONAL-AGE COLLEGE STUDENTS: 30 DAY USE OF AMPHETAMINES 25 20 15 10 5 0 http://monitoringthefuture.org/pubs/monographs/mtf-vol2_2012.pdf
Mean Percentages 16
Mean Percentages 17
100 Alcohol's Involvement With Academic Problems 90 Percent Affirmative Responses 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 Lack of Academic Success Student Attrition Diminished Performance Missed Classes 18
Issues, Topics and Controversies
What are Students Perceptions/Misperceptions? Heavy (binge) drinking Underage drinking Impaired driving Marijuana use Synthetic drugs Stimulants (Adderall at exams) Heroin Addiction Recovery
STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS and MISPERCEPTIONS
Embracing a Comprehensive Approach
Weighting done by 34 of 52 Network Leaders Elements for a Comprehensive Campus Effort Weighted Approaches Policies and Enforcement Prevention and Education Curriculum and Training 6 Clusters for Comprehensive Program Evaluation Planning and Collaboration Support Services Each cluster is weighted to total 100% of effort Items in each cluster are weighted, totaling 100%
PREVENTION and EDUCATION Mean Score: 56.2 Mean Score: 56.2
SUPPORT and INTERVENTION Mean Score: 63.7
Elements for a Comprehensive Campus Effort Mean Score = 60.2
Student Affairs Preparation Programs: Results of an Assessment of Preparation Programs Institution State Health Courses Reqd. Health Courses Offered University of South Florida FL Wellness Seminar (2 credits) Northeastern University MA Health Issues Baylor University TX The college student, moral ethical and faith development in college students Ohio University OH Wellness Issues (of 11 2-credit courses) Kutztown University PA The Addicted Family (of 4 courses) Florida State University FL Wellness (of 6 possible specialty areas) Bucknell University Of 116 TOTAL PROGRAMS PA Appetite and Eating Behavior OR Health Psychology (of 25 electives) 3 4 Source : ACPA directory of Graduate Programs
Best Practices Overview
A SHARED RESPONSIBILITY A comprehensive campus-based initiative engages a wide variety of campus groups and individuals as they implement a diverse set of strategies.
Components Policies & Implementation Curriculum Awareness & Information Support & Intervention Enforcement Assessment & Evaluation Training Staffing & Resources
Groups Campus Leadership Coordinator Health and Counseling Student Life Police and Security Faculty Residence Life Student Government Student Groups Community
TARGETING EFFORTS TO DIFFERENT DRINKING TYPES AND PATTERNS Abstainers Low Risk High Risk Dependent Recovery
Source: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov
Source: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov
BEST PRACTICES BASICS Brief Screening & Referral Bystander Training Safe Rides Peer-Based Strategies Presidential/VP Leadership Campus Task Force Faculty Engagement Resources & Sustainability
Brief Intervention - Essentials of a Motivational Enhancement Approach Non-judgmental and non-confrontational ( the spirit ) Emphasizes meeting people where they are in terms of their level of readiness to change Utilize Motivational Interviewing strategies to elicit personally relevant reasons to change Often can find the hook that prompts contemplation of or commitment to change When a student is ambivalent, considers way to explore and resolve ambivalence The key is to elicit information and when applicable, reflect 37
Discrepancy? Minimize resistance Evoke change talk Validate confidence
Building Bridges
The Paradox of Change When a person feels accepted for who they are and what they do no matter how unhealthy it allows them the freedom to consider change rather than needing to defend against it.
Collaboration
Strategic Planning Institutionalize Coordinate Articulate and Market Prioritize Action Clarify Needs and Assess Resources Set Vision and Goals Determine Guiding Principles Establish a Task Force
Future Action
What campus leaders should KNOW What campus leaders should SAY What campus leaders should DO
Action Steps for College Leaders: What Leaders Should Know Acknowledge the depth and breadth of the problems associated with drugs and alcohol Believe that most drug and alcohol problems are preventable Accept that colleges and universities have a unique leadership role in addressing these problems. Recognize the most professionals learn on the job. Know about the students who are coming to campus.
Action Steps for College Leaders: What Leaders Should Say Talk about the issue. Listen to the professionals who are dealing with drug and alcohol issues and learn from their clinical experience. Insist that a variety of people be involved with this issue. Applaud good work.
Action Steps for College Leaders: What Leaders Should Do Ensure that the campus dedicates attention to this issue through the use of a designated coordinator, task force, or commission and that it assesses the effectiveness of its efforts on a regular basis. Make sure that the aims of the campus-based efforts are reasonable, appropriate and achievable. Invest in a range of long-range substance abuse services. Encourage the development of innovative strategies, and then assess them. Ensure that sufficient resources are available. Demonstrate bold leadership by being engaged and caring.
VIRGINIA S EFFORTS..over the years
Virginia College Alcohol Leadership Council (VA CALC) MISSION STATEMENT The Virginia College Alcohol Leadership Council (VACALC) is a statewide professional affiliation group addressing alcohol, tobacco and other drug (ATOD) issues on the college campus. VACALC offers leadership and professional advice regarding the prevention of high risk, hazardous ATOD-related behavior through collaboration, education, support, networking, mentoring, and advocacy. VACALC promotes science-based and innovative strategies to achieve healthier and safer college communities.
VA CALC ACTIVITIES CURRENT: Drive-in Workshops Twice Annually Professional Retreat Once/Year On-line Resources Information Fact Sheets IN PROCESS Regional Activities More Information Fact Sheets Training Statewide Data Collection Strategic Planning
Workshop Objectives 1. To understand the nature and scope of drug and alcohol problems and issues currently on campus 2. To gain insights and strategies regarding a range of issues, topics and controversies 3. To understand the importance and components of a comprehensive approach 4. To learn about best practices and other resources 5. To identify opportunities for collaboration and involvement on campus
Contact Information David S. Anderson, Ph.D. Professor George Mason University danderso@gmu.edu 703-993-3698 Paige Allen Hawkins, M.Ed. Substance Abuse Prevention Specialist James Madison University hawkinsp@jmu.edu 540-568-8934