UNIVERSITI MALAYA UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA PEPERIKSAAN IJAZAH SARJANA MUDA SAINS EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE SESI AKADEMIK 2014/2015 : SEMESTER 2 ACADEMIC SESSION 2014/2015 : SEMESTER 2 SCES3140 : KIMIA INDUSTRI II CHEMICAL INDUSTRY II Jun 2015 June 2015 Masa : 2 jam Time : 2 hours ARAHAN KEPADA CALON : INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES : Kertas ini mengandungi Bahagian A dan B This paper has 5 questions in part A and B Jawap semua soalan. Please answer all questions. (Kertas ini mengandungi 5 soalan dalam 6 halaman yang dicetak) (This question paper consists of 5 questions on 6 printed pages)
Jawab SEMUA soalan dalam Bahagian ini Answer ALL questions in this Section BAHAGIAN A (50 MARKAH) SECTION A (50 MARKS) 1. (a) Huraikan kaedah-kaedah penghasilan alkohol lemak daripada minyak dan lemak. Describe methods in the production of fatty alcohols from oil and fats. (6 markah/marks) Syarikat Davy McKee dan Lurgi masing-masing memperkenalkan penghasilan alcohol lemak melalui laluan asid dan laluan ester. Davy McKee and Lurgi companies introduced fatty alcohol production via acid route and ester route respectively. (i) Terangkan industri penghasilan alkohol lemak melalui laluan asid dan laluan ester. Describe the industrial production of fatty alcohol via acid route and ester route. Kenapa kos penghasilan alkohol lemak menggunakan proses Lurgi adalah lebih murah berbanding dengan proses Davy McKee? Why the fatty alcohol production cost using Lurgi process is cheaper than Davy McKee process? (9 markah/marks) (c) Nyatakan satu kegunaan produk oleokimia berikut: State one application of the following oleochemical product: (i) Alkohol lemak Fatty alcohol Gliserol Glycerol (2 markah/marks) 2/6
2. Data dibawah menunjukkan pecahan penukaran ( x ) dengan kadar tindak balas - r A (moldm -3 s -1 ) The data below shows the fractional conversion ( x ) and rate of reaction - r A (moldm -3 s -1 ) X - r A (moldm -3 s -1 ) 0.00 0.00530 0.10 0.00520 0.20 0.00500 0.30 0.00450 0.40 0.00400 0.50 0.00330 0.60 0.00250 0.70 0.00180 0.80 0.00125 0.85 0.00100 0.90 0.00090 Dua reactor diatur secara bersiri. Reaktor pertama adalah reaktor palam dan reaktor kedua adalah reaktor aliran campuran penuh (CSTR). Tahap penukaran dalam reaktor pertama ialah 50% dan penukaran mencapai 80% selepas keluar dari reaktor kedua. Diberi aliran suapan molar, F A0 ialah 0.90 mols -1,. Two reactors are arranged in series. The first reactor is a plug flow reactor and the second reactor is continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The rate of conversion in the first reactor is 50% and the conversion reaches 80% after leaving the second reactor. The volumetric feed F A0 is 0.90 mols -1. (i) Hitungkan isipadu reaktor pertama dan kedua. Calculate the volume of first and second reactors. 3/6
(iii) Jika susunan reaktor diterbalikkan dimana reaktor pertama ialah CSTR dan diikuti dengan reactor palam, hitungkan isipadu kedua-dua reactor. If the sequence of reactor is reversed where the first reactor is CSTR and followed by plug flow reactor, calculate the volume of both reactors. Terangkan prestasi reaktor dalam (i) dan di atas. Explain the performance of the reactors in (i) and above. 3. (a) Apakah kelebihan dan kekurangan reaktor mampatan tetap? What are the advantages and disadvantages of packed bed reactor? (16 markah/marks) (4 marks/ markah) Tindak balas asid metil ester lemak (FAME) dijalankan di dalam reaktor lelehan tetap dengan menggunakan 30 cm 3 ekstrudat mangkin berasaskan kuprum pada suhu tindak balas 200 C, tekanan hydrogen pada 100 bar dengan halaju superfisial cecair pada 1 cms -1. The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) hydrogenation to fatty alcohol is performed in a trickle bed reactor using 30 cm 3 of extrudate copper based catalyst at reaction temperature of 200 C, hydrogen pressure at 100 bar with liquid superficial velocity of 1.0 cms -1. (i) (iii) (iv) Lukis skematik bagi penurunan bersama reaktor lelehan tetap Draw a schematic of co-current downward trickle bed reactor. Hitung kadar aliran FAME di dalam tiub reaktor apabila diameter dalaman adalah 30 mm. Calculate flow rate of FAME in the reactor tube when the internal diameter of 30 mm is used. Hitung masa penetapan purata apabila tiub reactor ialah panjang 300 cm panjang. Calculate the mean residence time when the reactor tube is 300 cm long. Apakah perbezaan di antara halaju tiruan gas sejam (GHSV) dan halaju superfisial cecair sejam (LHSV) What is the difference between Gas Hourly Superficial Velocity (GHSV) and Liquid Hourly Superficial Velocity (LHSV) (13 markah/marks) 4/6
BAHAGIAN B (50 MARKAH) SECTION B (50 MARKS) Jawab SEMUA soalan. Answer ALL questions. 4. (a) Terangkan kelebihan dan kekurangan proses kelompok dan berterusan. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of batch and continuous processes. (4 markah/marks) Terangkan ciri-ciri utama aliran lamina dan aliran gelora dalam paip. Explain the main features of laminar and turbulent flow in pipes. (4 markah/marks) (c) Pembakaran metana dengan oksigen menghasilkan karbon dioksida dan air. Bahan suapan mengandungi 20 mol% CH 4, 60 mol% O 2 dan 20 mol% CO 2 dengan penukaran reaktan pengehad sebanyak 90%. Hitungkan komposisi molar bagi aliran produk menggunakan: Methane is burned with oxygen to yield carbon dioxide and water. The feed contains 20 mol% CH 4, 60 mol% O 2 and 20 mol% CO 2 and 90% conversion of the limiting reactant is achieved. Calculate the molar composition of the product stream using: (i) Imbangan molekul. Molecular balances. (4 markah/marks) Imbangan atom. Atomic balances. (3 markah/marks) (d) Hitungkan nombor Reynolds (R e ) bagi karbon dioksida bagi aliran 1 dan 2 serta tentukan sama ada ia adalah aliran lamina atau aliran gelora bagi paip berdiameter 200 mm. Calculate the Reynolds number (R e ) for carbon dioxide for flow 1 and 2 and determine whether the flow is laminar or turbulent for 200 mm diameter pipe. Aliran 1/ Flow 1 u (m 3 s -1 ) = 0.001 Aliran 2/ Flow 2 u (m 3 s -1 ) = 0.01 Ketumpatan/Density (kg m -3 ) = 18 Kelikatan/Viscosity µ (N s m -2 ) = 0.000015 (10 markah/marks) 5/6
5. (a) Terangkan tiga (3) mekanisme utama pemindahan haba. Explain three (3) main mechanisms of heat transfer. (5 markah/marks) Huraikan dua (2) jenis penukar haba paip kembar. Describe two (2) types of double pipe heat exchanger. (5 markah/marks) (c) Satu paip keluli tebalnya 4.0 cm dan jejarinya 6.0 cm tertebat dengan 10.0 cm magnesia dan aliran stim dalamnya pada suhu 150 C dengan pekali pemindahan haba h i = 1428 W m -2 K -1. Udara bertiup di luar pada suhu 28 C dengan pekali pemindahan haba h o = 42.5 W m -2 K -1. Hitungkan panjang paip yang perlu dibina bagi jumlah kehilangan haba sebanyak 400 W. A steel pipe of 4.0 cm thickness with interior radius of 6.0 cm is lagged with 10.0 cm of magnesia has steam flowing inside at 150 C with a heat transfer coefficient h i = 1428 W m -2 K -1. The wind is blowing outside at 28 C with a heat transfer coefficient h o = 42.5 W m -2 K -1. Calculate the length of the pipe to be constructed if the total heat loss is 400 W. (Kekonduksian terma/thermal conductivity; k keluli /k steel = 16.0 W m -1 K -1 and k magnesia /k magnesia = 0.068 W m -1 K -1 ) (15 markah/marks) TAMAT END 6/6