SUBJECT: TYPE: DUE DATE: NMDF211 Nutritional Biochemistry Problem Sheet Sunday (11:59 pm) following Session 10 WORD LIMIT: WEIGHT: 35% TOTAL MARKS: 100 1500 words Maximum word count is 1500 ± 10% LEARNING OUTCOMES: 1, 2 and 3 1. Explain the biochemical absorption, storage and metabolic function of macro and micronutrients. 2. Describe the role of nutrients in the optimal functioning of key biochemical pathways in the body. 3. Integrate biochemical mechanisms with disease pathology and clinical treatment options. SESSIONS: 5, 6, 7, 8 & 9 TASK: Five short answer application questions. Carefully analyse the case history provided and answer each of the five questions below. Each answer should be approximately 300 words. Ensure that you cover the nutritional biochemical mechanisms and role of nutrients in each answer. Use the template provided to build your answer. Case study Mrs Smith, a 45 years old female, presents at a holistic nutrition clinic with the classic symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) including bloating, gas (flatulence), abdominal cramping, and diarrhoea. She has high blood pressure and is pre-diabetic. She also complains of feeling weak and lethargic after diagnosis of her pre diabetes. She is anxious as has just accepted a new job. Her recent blood pathology results indicate elevated liver enzymes. She takes his Zantac regularly for IBS symptoms prescribed by his GP. Her job role is highly demanding and involves night shift. This has greatly affected her dietary habits. She mainly relies on junk/ready to eat food. These foods are typically high in sugar and fat. She drinks 3-4 glass of wine before bed and about 8-10 cups of coffee throughout the day. Past History: Helicobacter pylori Family history: Father: Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Last updated on 13-Dec-18 19.0 Page 1 of 6
Mother: Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension Vital and physical signs: Test Result Reference Range Blood pressure 150/90 mm of Hg Systolic: 110-120 mm/hg Diastolic: 70 80 mm/hg Heart rate 80 beats per minute 72-84 beats per minute Respiratory rate 16 per minute 12-16 per minute Temperature 37.8 C 35.8 37.3 C Body mass index (BMI) 29 kg/m 2 Normal 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 Questions: 1. Discuss the role of prebiotics and probiotics for this patient in the management of IBS (16 marks). Define Mechanisms Four Benefits of consumption Any caution for consumption Your nutritional advice for Mrs Smith for probiotic and prebiotic consumption Probiotics and prebiotics with examples of foods and supplements Through which both probiotics and prebiotics interact with human biochemical pathways (focusing on client s IBS, anxiety, gut health) For Mrs Smith condition For Mrs Smith condition Give rationale with the support of research evidence focusing on holistic nutritional treatment 2. Describe evidence based benefits/detriments of coffee consumption on Mrs Smith neurotransmitter metabolism/ intestinal health/ inflammation and/ hepatic function (16 marks). Benefits if any of coffee consumption Detrimental effects if any of coffee consumption Your nutritional advice for Mrs Smith on her coffee On neurotransmitter metabolism, intestinal health, general health/inflammation, and hepatic function (cite atleast two research article demonstrating interaction of coffee on any two pathways along with names of beneficial nutrient/components) On neurotransmitter metabolism, intestinal health, general health/inflammation, and hepatic function (cite atleast two research article demonstrating interaction of coffee on any two pathways along with names of beneficial nutrient/components) Give rationale with the support of research evidence focusing on holistic nutritional treatment Last updated on 13-Dec-18 19.0 Page 2 of 6
consumption (frequency) 3. Weakness and lethargy are indicators of energy system dysfunction. Discuss how this patient s diet and regimen would affect energy system mechanisms.(16 marks) Discuss major energy systems/pathways affected in Mrs Smith condition Your nutritional advice for Mrs Smith to alleviate her fatigue Reasons/explanation for suboptimal functioning of energy system (e.g., lack of specific nutrients, disease, drug, hormonal imbalance etc) Rationale with examples of dietary/nutritive support 4. Mrs Smith is concerned about her liver health. Discuss how liver detox pathways can be strengthened to support her health. (16 marks). Overview of detox pathways Nutrients/cofactors required Two pathways that may be Rationale with examples of dietary/nutritive supported/upregulated for her support condition Any contraindication/caution for Drug-nutrient, nutrient-nutrient interaction these pathways 5. List one endogenous antioxidant that you would prioritise to strengthen by dietary support to improve Mrs Smith inflammatory condition. (16 marks). Names of endogenous List its components and functions in human body antioxidant Mechanism of action Anti-inflammatory pathway/action, substrates, all the cofactors and nutrients required for regeneration/action Your nutritional advice for Mrs Foods/diet/lifestyle advice with the support of Smith to boost her antioxidant research based evidence status OVERVIEW: The Problem Sheet should be structured with the appropriate headings below: Title page (Subject code and name; Student name and number; Lecturer name; Type of assignment (i.e. Problem Sheet); Due date; and Word count) The question does not need to be included in your answer. If you do include the question it should be omitted from your word count. Due to small word count for each question, make sure that your response only addresses the question. An overview or background to the process will negatively impact your ability to comprehensively answer the question within the word count. Use of diagrams, tables, appendix to enhance your academic work is encouraged It should also adhere to the following format requirements: Word count to be clearly displayed on the cover sheet or title page Last updated on 13-Dec-18 19.0 Page 3 of 6
The report should be typed using standard conservative fonts such as Times New Roman or Arial of at least 12 point and double spaced. Fully referenced as per the Endeavour style guide. Assessment must be submitted as a pdf document. Assessments must be submitted online before the due date. Referencing Endeavour uses American Psychological Association (APA) referencing style for all years of study. American Psychological Association (APA) Referencing Guidelines, available here: https://source.endeavourlearninggroup.com.au/public%20documents%20library/do CID-3-2602.pdf Academic Writing and Student Integrity Writing on all assessments is expected to be of an academic standard and presentation, and all non-original work must be properly referenced. For assistance in ensuring this academic standard, please refer to the Communication Skills Handbook, 4 th edn (2014) by Summers & Smith and the Endeavour Referencing Guide. For assistance with referencing, Mendeley citation software and plagiarism please refer to links on the Library homepage http://library.endeavour.edu.au The Library Research Skills Tutorial (located on the LMS drop down Library tab) covers these areas plus other relevant skills through videos and quizzes. Additional support can be found at the top of the LMS Main Page. The Study Skills tab contains a section on Academic Writing. Note that all forms of plagiarism and cheating are taken very seriously at Endeavour. Please ensure that you are familiar with the Academic Integrity Policy - Higher Education and that you are mindful of avoiding the use of any work that is not your own without proper attribution, as well as never allowing your work to be used by another student. Word Count Word count must be clearly displayed on the title page or cover sheet. Words in excess of 10% beyond the required word count will not be marked. Required word count includes in-text citations but excludes text appearing in tables, graphs, figures, footnotes, captions and end-text references. Tables, graphs, and figures can enhance assignment presentation if used in moderation to convey directly relevant information. However, generally tables, graphs and figures should be included as Appendices at the end of your assignment with an interpretation of these in text. Tables, graphs and figures should not be Last updated on 13-Dec-18 19.0 Page 4 of 6
used as tools to increase the amount of information that you are conveying whilst still remaining within the required word count, nor are they a substitute for your own synthesis or interpretation of the material. Thus, as a guide, tables, graphs or figures presented should not consist of more than 10% of the total assignment word count, whilst keeping in mind that any words so included are not part of the required word count. If you have questions about this, please consult with your lecturer before you complete and submit your assessment. Late Submission Assessments must be handed in by the stated time. Students submitting an assessment after the due date and without an approved extension of time will lose 10% of their mark on the assessment per day it is late. Last updated on 13-Dec-18 19.0 Page 5 of 6
Criteria Content All the definitions, biochemical pathways, nutrient components, cofactors, mechanism of action, benefits/contraindicati ons and nutritive advice incorporated in all the answers where relevant. (16 for each question=16*5) Sources of information and references (10 marks) Style, format and written expression (10 marks) Excellent (85-100%) Addresses all aspects of the question (definitions, biochemical pathways, nutrient benefits/contraindications and nutritive advice). Exemplary effort at explaining all the biochemical pathways in the answer with appropriate examples. Excellent, cohesive flow of logical facts demonstrating superlative understanding of concepts and mechanisms (69-80) Evidence of wide and relevant reading on the topic including peer reviewed articles and textbooks. All sources are acknowledged and well referenced. Correct and accurate use of APA referencing style. (8-10) Clear format. Very few grammatical, spelling or punctuation errors. Excellent use of English language. (8-10) Advanced ( 75-84.9%) Concisely addresses key aspects of the question (definitions, biochemical pathways, nutrient benefits/contraindications and nutritive advice). Good effort at explaining relevant biochemical processes. Strong, cohesive flow of logical facts demonstrating good understanding of concepts and mechanisms (61-69) Evidence relevant reading on the topic. Sources are acknowledged and good use of APA referencing style. (7-8) Assignment is well written. Some minor grammatical, spelling and/or punctuation (7-8) errors. Good use of English language. (7-8.9) Consistent (65-74.9%) Addresses some aspects of question. Some minor omissions in the answer (definitions, biochemical pathways, nutrient benefits/contraindications and nutritive advice). Some relevant biochemical processes are outlined in the answer but not explained well. Generally cohesive flow of information demonstrating moderate understanding of concepts and mechanisms (53-61) Evidence of a moderate amount of reading on the topic. Sources are acknowledged. Generally sound use of APA referencing style but with some errors. (6-7) Some grammatical, spelling and/or punctuation errors. English is sound. (6-7) Satisfactory (50-64.9%) Addresses few aspects of question. Major omissions in the answer are evident (definitions, biochemical pathways, nutrient benefits/contraindications). Numerous errors in interpretation and explanation of biochemical pathways. The answer lacks cohesion demonstrating low understanding of concepts and mechanisms (40-53) Demonstrates little reading on the topic. Some sources are not acknowledged. Referencing style requires improvement. (5-6) A number of grammatical, spelling and/or punctuation errors. (5-6) Unsatisfactory (49.9% or less) Does not address the answer. Crucial omissions in information. Significant errors in analysis and interpretation. Cohesion is poor and information is not presented in a logical manner demonstrating poor understanding of concepts and mechanisms (0-40) Demonstrates little to no reading on the topic. Incomplete acknowledgement of the work of others. Referencing style is very poor. (0-4.9) Large number of grammatical, spelling and/or punctuation errors. Important errors in English construction rendering.(0-4.9) Last updated on 13-Dec-18 19.0 Page 6 of 6