Food Safety Issues Among Small and Very Small Processors Dr. David Goldman Assistant Administrator Office of Public Health Science Washington, DC
FoodNet Results 2
Healthy People 2020 U.S. Healthy People 2020 1997 2010 2020 FoodNet Case Rate Target Pathogen Baseline Case Rate (infections from all foods per 100,000 population)** Campylobacter 24.6 13.6 8.5 Escherichia coli O157:H7 2.1 0.9 0.6 Listeria monocytogenes 0.47 0.3 0.2 Salmonella* 13.6 17.6 11.4 3
HP 2020 FSIS Goal for Salmonella Number of Salmonella Illnesses 500,000 480,000 460,000 440,000 420,000 400,000 380,000 360,000 340,000 320,000 300,000 Annual Number of Salmonella Illnesses Estimated from CDC Case Rates and Targets for Salmonella Illness Baseline Targeted Number of Salmonella Illness Actual Estimated Number of Illnesses Targeted Number of Salmonella Illnesses - a 25% decrease from baseline by 2020 Year 4
Salmonella Action Plan Unveiled Dec. 4, 2013. Agency s strategy to best address Salmonella in meat and poultry products. www.fsis.usda.gov/salmonella 5
Salmonella Verification Changes Beginning June 29, 2014. Co-analysis of ground beef and ground beef source material for STEC and Salmonella. Better lab efficiency. Larger sample sizes. 8% of Salmonella cases attributed to beef. 6
Compliance Guidelines 7
Sanitary Dressing Procedures FSIS will create a sanitary dressing directive for hog slaughter establishments by end of September. Stand-alone item (#4) in Salmonella Action Plan. 8
HACCP Validation Inadequate validation has been linked to real food safety problems, including: Chicken pot pie outbreaks in 2007; 2011 Lebanon bologna outbreak; and Analysis of non-o157 positives in 2012. 9
HACCP Validation The Agency received 21 comments on the last draft of the guide. Comments were received about: Applicability Cost Matching of Scientific Support to Actual Processes Use of Indicator Organisms FSIS Implementation Plan 10
Allergens The CDC reports that approximately four out of every 100 children has a food allergy. The prevalence of reported food allergies has increased; CDC reports an increase of 8% from 1997 to 2007 among children. The average number of hospital discharges per year related to food allergy diagnosis has increased significantly from 1998 to 2006 among children, with approximately 9,500 hospital discharges yearly from 2004 to 2006 (CDC). An estimated 29,000 episodes of anaphylaxis related to food occur in the United States each year, resulting in approximately 150 deaths (Atkins). 11
Allergens Reason for Recall 2008 (%) 2012 (%) 2013 (%) STEC* 17 (31.48 %) 5 (6.1 %) 9 (12 %) Listeria monocytogenes 15 (27.78 %) 16 (19.51%) 9 (12 %) Salmonella 0 2 (2.44 %) 4 (5.33 %) Undeclared Allergen 7 (12.96 %) 29 (35.37 %) 25 (33.33 %) Extraneous material 5 (9.26 %) 13 (15.85 %) 10 (13.33%) Processing Defect -- 1 (1.22 %) 2 (2.67 %) Undeclared Substance -- 7 (8.54 %) 2 (2.67 %) Other 10 (18.52 %) 9 (10.98 %) 14 (18.67 %) 12
Allergens Cause of Undeclared Allergen Recalls: New Ingredient, New Supplier, Misprinted Label, Product in Wrong Package, Product Reformulation, and Ingredient Reformulation. 13
Listeria Listeriosis is rare, but its fatality rate is very high (about 16 percent, compared with 0.5 percent for either Salmonella or E. coli O157:H7). Affects vulnerable populations. 14
Listeria Changes to May 2006 guideline include: holding product in response to FSIS s Hold and Test rule. additional information on labeling RTE products and clarifications to labeling. updated information on the impact of multiple processing steps (hurdle effect) on the control of Listeria growth. new information regarding controls for reworked product. information on the pros and cons of compositing food contact surface samples at the laboratory. clarify actions establishments should take in response to a Listeria spp. positive result in the product when establishments choose to sample products in addition to food contact surfaces. 15
Ground Beef Outbreaks Changes to FSIS Traceback, Recall Procedures for E. coli O157 Positive Raw Beef Product. Proposed May 2012 FSIS may have requested 29 additional recalls in the two year period between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2010. 16
Ground Beef Outbreaks Records to be Kept by Official Meat Establishments and Retail Stores that Grind or Chop Raw Beef Products. proposal in draft form Salmonella outbreaks attributed to ground beef produced at retail chains in 2007 and 2011. 17
Small Plant Help Desk 1-877-FSIS-HELP, or 1-877-374-7435. InfoSource@fsis.usda.gov Open 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. ET, Monday - Friday 18
Questions? 19