47 Chapter (3) 3. Methodology For the research methodology employed in this study, there will be primary data on approaches of information from distributing and collecting questionnaires at Yangon region and the research based on the secondary data of described literacy review of the knowledge will be of descriptive quantitative nature throughout the literature review and the respondent data are based on the quantitative and correlation methods. 3.1 Research Design The researcher used the descriptive or quantitative research design with Pearson correlation method. The samples are 222 international tourists who are travelling to Yangon region. 3.2 Data Collection Instrument The questionnaires were distributed to the international tourists at Yangon region who traveled to the Yangon destination. The researcher distributed the questionnaires to participants with handouts divided into three parts of questions. Part I: Demographic Characteristics: In this part there were total 7 questions related to the demographic characteristic information of respondents. Consisting of check-list questions, it combined the question of gender, age, education level, occupation, income, nationality and marital status. Part II: Opinion with International Tourism in Yangon Region: The second part assesses both the degree of satisfaction of international tourists of 19 questions and 5 multiple-choice questions with attractions, services & transportations, safety & security, recommendation for policies and tourist destination by using 5-
48 point Likert scale. The 5-point rating scale ranges from Strongly satisfied to Strongly dissatisfied analyzing at the average of (Mean: X ) and Standard Deviation (S.D). Average Meaning 1.0 1.49 Strongly Satisfied 1.50 2.49 Satisfied 2.50 3.49 General 3.50 4.49 Dissatisfied 4.50 5.00 Strongly Dissatisfied Part III: Comments of International Tourists: The third part of the questionnaire comprises of international tourists to comment on what they like to add more for the survey (questionnaire) about Yangon destination of tourism industry. 3.3 Population and Sampling For this purpose, the targeted population was the 500 international tourists visiting Yangon destination. The research had been strictly arranged just to the international tourists and it was not stated for domestic tourist development. The sampling size is around about 222 international tourists. 3.4 Determine the Sample Size To get sample size form, the population Taro Yamane s formula 1973 (Yamane, 1973) was taken into consideration as the following. n = N 1 + Ne 2
49 3.2 Methods The approach of this study was not only the correlation method but also quantitative method. And the objective for this research was investigating the international tourists attractions, services and transportations, safety and security with satisfaction and recommendation for policies to promote tourism in Yangon. 3.2.2 Research Technique The research technique was set on the questionnaire instrument of self-administrative basis to international tourists being on a visit to Yangon destination. Therefore the purpose assumed by the researcher was some factors to determine the international tourists satisfaction with attractions when they visit Yangon, to identify international tourists satisfaction with services and transportations in tourism industry in Yangon, to identify the international tourists satisfaction with safety and security when they come to pay a visit to Yangon and to make recommendation for policies to promote tourism in Yangon. 3.2.3 Research Area The area of this research was Yangon region or city Yangon where the researcher can take effort for the survey to get available tourists in that area. The whole research was implemented from December of 2014. The questionnaire information by distributing the handouts of survey forms was collected within 1 st May to 24 th of June in 2015. 3.2.4 Sample Size The sample of this research is calculated by using Taro Yamane (Yamane, 1973) formula with 95% confidence level according with statistic of 1,022,081 international tourist arrivals as an example from the data of official report in 2014, Ministry of Hotel and Tourism of Myanmar in Yangon destination of main gateway.
50 The calculation formula of Taro Yamane is presented as follows. N n = 1 + Ne2 Where, n = sample size or respondents for this research N = a population size e = the level of precision or error of sampling method = 0.05 (A confidence level or 5% precision level was assumed). Substitute numbers in formula: 500 n= 1+500(0.05) n= 222 From the calculation of above formula, the targeted population size is 500 international tourists. Of them, the total sample size is around 222 international tourists.
51 By Taro Yamane: Confidence Level 95% & P= 5% Table.3.1: With reference to formula table.3.1 by Taro Yamane the sample size is for ±5% and ±10% precision levels where confidence level is 95% and p=0.05. That s why the questionnaires were sent out to 222 international tourists as the sample size out of population. 3.2.5 Data Collection The procedure of data collection was carried out by the researcher to test the sample. The 222 questionnaires, comprising of demographic, attractions, service and transportation, safety and security, recommendation for policies and other comments into three parts, were distributed to either male or female international tourists who can be convenient and available to participate. The amounts of questionnaires were sent out and collected from 1 st May to 24 th of June at Yangon region. The scores out of population respondents were managed toward the average numbers.
52 3.2.5 Data Analysis The instrument used in data analysis was the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 with the satisfactory scale: strongly satisfied, satisfied, general, dissatisfied, and strongly dissatisfied. The results were analyzed by using descriptive statistic with frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and relationship correlation methods (two-tailed). The sections of the questionnaire, the descriptive statistic including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to explain the demographic data of the responders. In the second section, the Likert scale was utilized in measuring the level of satisfaction in relation to tourist destination with Pearson correlation and the other comments were stated.
53 Table 3.2 Design of the Study Research Objectives Sources of data or Research Instrument Data Analysis & Sample Methods 1. To determine the Questionnaire international tourists satisfaction with attractions 1 st May to 24 th of June when they visit Yangon. 2. To identify international tourists satisfaction with services and transportations in tourism industry in Yangon. 3. To identify the international tourists satisfaction with safety and The sample size is 222 international tourists who are travelling to Yangon destination Part I: Demographic Characteristics Part II: The degree of satisfaction of international tourists of 19 questions and 5 multiple choices questions Descriptive Statistic Method & Pearson correlation Method (Two-tailed) security when they come to pay a visit to Yangon. 4. To make recommendation for policies to promote tourism in Yangon. Part III: Comments and Recommendations of International Tourists