Functional Overview of the Nervous System Dr. Ersin Koylu EÜ Tıp Fakültesi Fizyoloji AD
Autonomic System Sympathetic System Motor System Cental Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System NERVOUS SYSTEM? Sensory Systen Parasympathetic System
Topographic Classification Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system
Functional Classification Internal Environment Autonomic Nervous System Nervous System Somatic Nervous System External Environment Consciousness Unconsciousness
Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic part Parasympathetic part Internal Environment Autonomic Nervous System Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System Sensory Functions Nervous System Somatic Nervous System External Environment Mental Functions Motor Funnctions
Autonomic Part Somatic Part
Autonomic Nervous System
Control of Autonomic Nervous System Hypothalamus Brain stem Medulla spinalis
Organ System Controlled by Autonomic Nervous System Cardiovascular (heart and blood vessels) system Gastrointestinal system Respiratory system Urinary system Liver Endocrine system
Ganglions in Autonomic System
N. Oculomotorius N. Facialis N. Glossopharyngeus N. Vagus
Effect of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
Effects of Autonomic Nervous System Organ Parasympathetic Cholinergic Effect Sympathetic Adrenergic Effect Eye Constricts pupil (miosis) Dilates pupil (mydriasis) Nose Lungs Heart Vasodilatation, Increased mucus secretion Constriction of bronchial muscles (restriction of airway) Decreased heart rate and strength Vasoconstriction, Decreased mucus secretion Relaxation of bronchial msucles (dilatation of airway) Increased heart rate and strength, dilatation of coronary arteries Mouth İncrease in saliva Decrease in saliva, dry mouth Gastrointestinal Tract Increase in digestive secretion and motility Decrease in digestive secretion and motility
Somatic System Autonomic System
Brain Voluntary control Spinal cord Reflex control Stretch receptors stimulated by full bladder Impulses cause detrusor muscle contraction Bladder Sensory neuron Interneuron Inhibitor interneuron Motor neuron
Sensory Systems
Classification of Senses 5 Basic senses Vision Hearing Touch Taste Smell
Detailed Classification Visual system Vision Auditory system Hearing Gustatory system Taste Olfactory system Smell Somatic system Touch Thermal Itch Proprioception Pain Vestibular system Balance Proprioception: The sense which we perceive the position and movement of our body and extremities
The nerve signals generated by the sensory stimuli become a conscious SENSATION in the cortex
Control of Movement: Motor Systems
Parts of the Nervous System Involving Motor Control Motor cortex Basal nuclei (ganglia) Cerebellum Medulla spinalis (spinal cord) anterior horn cells Peripheral (spinal) nerves
Voluntary and involuntary movements Voluntary movements are executed by the motor cortex The involuntary movements (reflex) are controlled by the medulla spinalis
Consciousness, Behavior and Cognitive Functions
Consciousness Consciousness of a person From coma to extreme attention Electrical recording of brain activity (electroencephalogram = EEG)
Sleep-Wake Wakefulness: Brain stem (Reticular Activating System = RAS) Day-night cycle Hypothalamus (suprachiasmatic nucleus)
Behavioral Functions of Nervous System (Instinct and Affect) Motivation (driven behavior) Emotions
Cognitive Functions
Memory Sensory Short-term Long-term Implicit (non-declarative: non-verbal) Explicit (declarative: verbal) Procedural Priming Associative learning: Classical and operant conditioning Non-associative learning: habituation and sensitization Semantic (facts) Episodic (events)