University of Groningen In search of light therapy to optimize the internal clock, performance and sleep Geerdink, Moniek IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2017 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Geerdink, M. (2017). In search of light therapy to optimize the internal clock, performance and sleep [Groningen]: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 13-01-2019
Copyright 2017 M. Geerdink All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission in witting of the University of Groningen, P.O. Box 72, 9700 AB, Groningen. ISBN: 978-94-034-0124-9 printed version ISBN: 978-94-034-0123-2 PDF version Cover design and lay-out by R. Joustra. Cover illustration by R. Joustra. Printed in the Netherlands by Ridderprint BV, Ridderkerk. The research reported in this thesis was carried out at the Department of Chronobiology at the University of Groningen (RUG), the Netherlands. All studies with any kind of invasive procedures were approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the University Medical Centre of Groningen (UMCG). This research was supported by the University of Groningen. Further Support was given by Philips Consumer Lifestyle and the Graduate school of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences (BCN). The printing of this thesis was supported by the following organizations: Department of Chronobiology The University Library (RUG) Graduate School of Medical Sciences (GSMS) Nederlandse Vereniging voor Slaap-Waak Onderzoek (NSWO) Philips Consumer Lifestyle Chrono@Work BV Rianne Joustra
RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN In search of light therapy to optimize the internal clock, performance and sleep Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof. dr. E. Sterken en volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties. De openbare verdediging zal plaatsvinden op vrijdag 29 september 2017 om 14.30 uur door: Moniek Geerdink geboren op 25 maart 1984 te Hengelo (O), Nederland
Promotors Copromotor Reading Committee Prof. dr. D.G.M. Beersma Prof. dr. R.A. Hut dr. M.C.M. Gordijn Prof. dr. R.A. Schoevers Prof. dr. E. van Someren Prof. dr. C. Cajochen
Contents
Chapter 1 General Introduction 1.1 The human circadian rhythm 1.2 Light and the human clock 1.3 Melatonin 1.4 Individual differences in sleep/wake rhythms 1.5 Costs for late chronotypes: Social jetlag 1.6 Potential parameters to optimize light therapy 1.7 Light therapy & Sleep Chapter 2 Short blue light pulses (30 min.) in the morning are able to phase advance the rhythm of melatonin in a home setting. Chapter 3 Short blue light pulses (30 min.) in the morning support a sleep advancing protocol in a home setting. Chapter 4 Is it possible to fight an energy dip at the office with blue light? Chapter 5 The influence of daytime light on nighttime sleep Chapter 6 The direct influence of daytime light on measures of alertness, performance and correlates in the wake EEG. Chapter 7 Epilogue 7.1 New insights in light therapy 7.2 A role for increased melatonin production at night after extra light exposure during the day 7.3 A role for light in sleep homeostasis in humans 7.4 Individual differences in the effectiveness of light therapy 7.5 Future prospects: Optimizing light exposure patterns References Summary Samenvatting Dankwoord 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 13 31 55 75 95 117 119 119 120 121 122 124 144 150 158