PUBLISHED BY SOYBEAN GROWERS FOR THE FEED INDUSTRY March 2018 World Soybean Produc on (March 2018) The U.S. Department of Agriculture is es ma ng world soybean produc on in the 2017/2018 market year will be 346.02 million metric tons. Three countries, Brazil, Argen na and the U.S., are projected to produce over 82% of the world s soybeans. The United States soybean produc on es mate is 119.52 million metric tons, or 4,382 million bushels. Table 1. World Soybean Produc on (2017/2018) It is revealing to chart the world produc on of soybeans. The second chart shows the total world produc on versus use level. As one can see the world growth of soybeans has been impressive; growth has increased by about 350% since 1987. The commercial growth of livestock and poultry is probably closely correlated with this growth. Soybeans are supplying the world a needed source of protein and oil required for growth.
World Soybean Produc on vs Usage Table 2. World Soybean Meal Use by Country (2017/2018) New Analy cal Data Supports Soybean Meal Consistency (March 2018) Each year Evonik Industries updates a comprehensive report characterizing the composi on of the U.S. soybean meal. Samples of the feed ingredients are supplied to the Evonik Health & Nutri on group by feed formulators. Their laboratory analyzes the soybean meal samples and reports values for the various geographical regions that supply the feed industry. The soybean meal data are representa ve for the 2017 crop year and are segmented by region. The 2017 soybean meal has a crude protein value of 46.1% and is consistent with trends of lower crude protein levels. This year s meal values range from 45.9% for the Western Corn Belt to 46.8% for the Southeast. Again this year varia on in amino acid levels is extremely consistent.
Table 3. Meal Composi on by Region 2017 Table 4. Composi on of Soybean Meal for Crop Years 2012 2017 (*) (*) All values are expressed as mean percentages adjusted to 88% moisture; Reference: Evonik Industries, Evonik Corpora on Nutri on & Care, 1701 Barre Lakes Blvd., Kennesaw, GA 30144 www.evonik.com/animal nutri on. Energy Values for Soybean Meal (March 2018) The apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and net energy (NE) values of soybean meal (SBM) and dehulled soybean meal (DSBM) were determined in experiments with male broilers. The composi on of the SBM and DSBM was 91.4%, 45,4%, 1.56% and 4,210 kcal/kg; and 91.5%, 47.5, 0.95% and 4050 kcal/kg for dry ma er, crude protein, fat and gross energy, respec vely. The test soybean meals replaced twenty five percent of the corn basal diet. The results of this experiment indicated average AME and NE content was 2,492 and 1,581 kcal/kg (DM basis) for SBM, and 2,580 and 1,654 kcal/kg (DM basis) for DSBM, respec vely.
Liu, W., G.H. Liu, R.B. Liao, Y.L. Chang and X.Y. Huang. 2017. Apparent metabolizable and net energy values of corn and soybean meal for broiler breeding cocks. Poultry Sci. 96 (1): 135 143. Effect of Broiler Gene cs on Soy Protein Diges bility (March 2018) The objec ve of this study was to determine whether there are differences in prececal amino acid diges bility between commonly used slowand fast growing broiler strains when the regression approach is applied. A slow and fast growing broiler strain was selected and provided experimental diets with soybean meal included at levels of 0, 100, and 200 g/k ad libitum consump on. Each treatment was tested with six pens comprising 10 birds each. Digesta samples were collected on a pen basis and prececal amino acid diges bility of soybean meal was calculated by linear regression. The results indicated that the prececal crude protein and amino acid diges bility of soybean meal did not differ significantly between strains; the values were numerically almost iden cal. The results of this study provide evidence of the transferability between broiler strains of prececal amino acid diges bility data, determined using the regression approach, thus improving the accuracy of diet formula on without drawbacks. C. Ganzer, C., W. Siegert, H. Kluth, J. Bennewitz and M. Rodehutscord. 2017. Prececal amino acid diges bility of soybean cake in fast and slow growing broiler chickens. Poultry Sci. 96 (8) 2804 2810. Effect of Par cle Size on Soy Protein Concentrate U liza on Two experiments were conducted to determine the standardized ileal diges bility (SID) of amino acids (AA) and the concentra on of metabolizable energy (ME) in soy protein concentrate (SPC) ground to three par cle sizes and in soybean meal and fish meal when fed to weanling pigs. An addi onal experiment was conducted to determine effects of including SPC in diets on growth performance when fed to weanling pigs. In the first experiment, diets containing soybean meal, fish meal, or SPC ground to a mean par cle size of 70, 180, or 700 μm as the only source of AA were fed to weanling barrows weighing about 13kg that had a T cannula installed in the ileum. In the second experiment, 36 barrows weigh ng about 13.7kg were allo ed to a corn based diet or diets containing corn and soybean meal, fish meal, or SPC ground to the three par cle sizes. In the third experiment, 160 pigs weighing about 7 kg were allo ed to 4 dietary treatments and 8 pens per treatment with 5 pigs per pen. Diets included a control diet containing fish meal and spray dried plasma protein and diets in which fish meal, spray dried plasma protein, or both fish meal and spray dried plasma protein were replaced by SPC ground to 180 μm. Results indicated that the SID of lysine tended to be greater in SPC ground to 180 μm than in soybean meal and that the SID of arginine and tryptophan were greater (P 0.05) in SPC ground to 70 or 180 μm than in SPC ground to 700 μm. There were no differences in the ME among corn, soybean meal, fish meal, and SPC. The ME of SPC ground to 70, 180, or 700 μm was 3,683, 3,903, and 3,886 kcal/kg DM, respec vely. Subs tu on of spray dried plasma protein and fish meal by SPC ground to 180 μm in diets had no effect on pig growth performance. The researchers concluded that reducing the par cle size of SPC may improve diges bility of some indispensable AA but did not affect concentra on of ME. Casas, G.A., C. Huang and H. H. Stein. 217. Effect of par cle size of soy protein concentrate on amino acid diges bility and concentra on of metabolizable energy and effects of soy protein concentrate on growth performance of weanling pigs. J. Animal, Sci. 95 Supplement1, Abs 304. (ASAS Midwestern Sec on and ADSA Midwest Branch Mtg., March 13 15. Soybean Meal U liza on Nursery Pigs (March 2018) Two studies were conducted to determine whether soybean meal (SBM) use in nursery pig diets could be increased by superdosing with phytase. In the first experiment, 2,550 pigs weighing about 5.5 kg were used to evaluate the op mal level of phytase in low or high SBM diets. Two SBM levels and four phytase doses (0, 1,250, 2,500, and 3,750 phytase units [FTU]/kg were combined to create 8 dietary treatments in a 2 4 factorial
arrangement. SBM inclusion rates of 15.0 and 25.0% were fed in Phase 1 (day 0 10); 19.0 and 29.0% for Phase 2 (day 11 20); and 32.5% for the common diet fed days 21 43. Pigs fed diets with high SBM had improved growth: feed (P 0.01) compared with low SBM diets. Phytase quadra cally improved feed efficiencies (P 0.05), with the op mum phytase dose being 2,500 FTU/kg. In the second experiment, 2,112 pigs weighing about 6 kg were used to evaluate the impact of high levels of SBM and phytase on performance, stool firmness, mortality, and morbidity in weaned pigs origina ng from a porcine reproduc ve and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus posi ve sow farm. Pigs were fed a 3 phase feeding program as in experiment 1. Three levels of SBM (low, medium, or high) and two phytase levels (600 or 2,600 FTU) were combined to create 6 dietary treatments. Inclusion rates of SBM were 15.0, 22.5, and 30.0% for Phase 1 and 20.0, 27.5, and 35.0% for Phase 2 for low, medium, and high SBM, respec vely, and 29.0% for the common Phase 3 diet. Inclusion of SBM did not affect growth performance, however, the percentage of pigs removed for medical treatment linearly declined with increasing SBM levels (P = 0.04). Results indicate that SBM levels in early nursery diets can be increased without decreasing growth performance and may be favorable in pigs origina ng from PRRS posi ve sow farms by reducing costs of medical treatments. Supplementa on of phytase at superdose levels can improve growth performance independently from the level of SBM in the diet. Moran, K., R. D. Boyd, C. Zier Rush, P. Wilcock and N. Bajjalieh. 2017. Effects of high inclusion of soybean meal and a phytase superdose on growth performance of weaned pigs housed under the rigors of commercial condi ons. J, Anim. Sci, 95 (12): 5455 5465. Energy Values for Soybean Oil By Products (March 2018) A study was conducted to determine the apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) contents of by products from the soybean oil industry for broiler chickens. A total of 390 Cobb male broilers were randomly distributed into 13 treatments having six replicates of five birds each. Birds were fed a common corn soybean meal starter diet from placement to 21 days. The four fat sources were added at three increasing levels each, and were fed from 21 to 28 d. The fat sources u lized were acidulated soybean soapstock, glycerol, lecithin and a mixture containing 85% soapstock, 10% glycerol and 5% lecithin. A 4 3 + 1 factorial arrangement was used with 4 by products (ASS, GLY, LEC, or MIX), 3 inclusion levels and 1 basal diet. Each of the four fat by product sources was included in the diets as follow: 2% of by products (98% basal + 2% by product), 4% (96% basal + 4% by product), or 6% (94% basal + 6% by product). Total excreta were collected twice daily for 72 hours to determine apparent metabolizable energy contents star ng at 25 d. The AMEn intake was regressed against feed intake and the slope was used to es mate AMEn values for each fat source. The resultant AMEn values calculated for the soybean oil by product were 7,153, 3,916, 7,051, and 8,515 kcal/kg DM for acidulated soybean soapstock, glycerol, lecithin and the mixture, respec vely. These results provide AMEn values for soybean oil by products that can be used in poultry feed form. Borsa, L. and co workers. 2018. Apparent metabolizable energy of by products from the soybean oil industry for broilers: acidulated soapstock, glycerin, lecithin, and their mixture. Poultry Sci. 97 (1): 124 130. www.soymeal.org