Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritic Knee Joint Painted by Artist: Mika Katsuta (Japan)
Mohit Kapoor Nizar N. Mahomed Editors Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Available Treatments, Drug Safety, Regenerative and Precision Medicine Adis
Editors Mohit Kapoor Division of Genetics and Development Toronto Western Research Institute University Health Network and Department of Surgery University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario Canada Nizar N. Mahomed Division of Orthopaedics Toronto Western Hospital Toronto, Ontario Canada ISBN 978-3-319-19559-9 ISBN 978-3-319-19560-5 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-19560-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015945968 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Adis is a brand of Springer Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface Designed as a comprehensive resource, this book is a collaborative effort by leading clinicians and scientists in the field of osteoarthritis. This book consists of 13 chapters that explore the destruction of joints such as the knee, hip, shoulder, elbow, ankle, hand, wrist, and spine. Through the analysis of imaging modalities, joint conservation techniques, biomarkers, treatment options, and safety profiles of available treatments, this book aims to present the most current and cutting-edge research in the field of osteoarthritis. Finally, this book goes beyond to introduce regenerative approaches for treatment and the need for precision medicine in osteoarthritis. The production of this book has been an enjoyable experience, and we would like to thank the authors and everybody involved in creating this book. Toronto, ON, Canada Mohit Kapoor Nizar N. Mahomed v
Acknowledgement The editors would like to thank each contributor of this book for their tremendous work, time and effort, without whom this book would not have been possible. Our special thanks to Helal Endisha (book coordinator) for her endless hours of work and commitment to this book. We also would like to thank Bandna Pal for her administrative assistance. We also would like to acknowledge the support and help of members of the Arthritis Program at the University Health Network as well as the excellent team at Springer. Finally, we would like to dedicate this book to our parents, our wives and children. vii
Contents 1 Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis.................................. 1 Mohit Kapoor 2 Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis.................................. 29 Ivan Dzaja and Khalid Syed 3 Shoulder and Elbow Osteoarthritis............................. 43 Timothy Leroux and Christian Veillette 4 Lumbar Spine Osteoarthritis.................................. 61 Y. Raja Rampersaud, Akihiro Nakamura, and Stephen J. Lewis 5 Ankle Osteoarthritis......................................... 93 Johnny Lau, Andrea N. Veljkovic, and Patricia Farrugia 6 Hand and Wrist Osteoarthritis............................... 111 Herbert P. von Schroeder and Steven J. McCabe 7 Imaging in Osteoarthritis.................................... 131 Peter Salat, David Salonen, and Andrea N. Veljkovic 8 Osteoarthritis: Joint Conservation Strategies................... 155 Rachel Schachar and Darrell Ogilvie-Harris 9 Osteoarthritis Biomarkers................................... 171 Ying-Hua Li, Christopher Kim, and Rajiv Gandhi 10 Drug/Agent Treatments for Osteoarthritis: Present and Future.... 191 Camille Roubille, Jean-Pierre Pelletier, and Johanne Martel-Pelletier 11 Safety Profile of Current OA Therapies: Evidence from Clinical Trials................................ 211 Anthony V. Perruccio and Vinod Chandran ix
x Contents 12 Regenerative Medicine Approaches for Treatment of Osteoarthritis............................... 235 Sowmya Viswanathan, Jesse Wolfstadt, Jaskarndip Chahal, and Alejandro Gómez-Aristizábal 13 Precision Medicine for Osteoarthritis.......................... 257 Christian J.H. Veillette and Igor Jurisica Index......................................................... 271