Figure S1. Comparison of fasting plasma lipoprotein levels between males (n=108) and females (n=130). Box plots represent the quartiles distribution of A: total cholesterol (TC); B: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); C: triglycerides (TG); D: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). *P<0.05; ***P<0.001, Student's t-test. ns: not significant.
Figure S2. Comparison of fasting plasma lipoprotein levels between different age groups of study participants (G1: 14 22, G2: 23 31, G3: 32 40, G4:41 49, G5: 50 58, and G5: 59 years). Box plots represent the quartiles distribution of A: total cholesterol (TC); B: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); C: triglycerides (TG), D: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). **P<0.01; ***P<0.001, Student's t-test. ns: not significant.
Figure S3. Age trends of medians in study population for A, TC (total cholesterol); LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol); HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and B, TG (triglycerides) in males and females.
Figure S4. Comparison of fasting plasma lipoprotein levels between urban and rural groups. Box plots represent the quartiles distribution of A: total cholesterol (TC); B: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); C: triglycerides (TG); D: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). ns: not significant (P>0.05, Student's t-test).
Figure S5. Distribution of fasting plasma lipoprotein levels between white-collar and bluecollar groups of study population. Box plots represent the quartiles distribution of A: total cholesterol (TC); B: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); C: triglycerides (TG); D: highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). ns: not significant (P>0.05, Student's t-test).
Figure S6. Comparison of fasting plasma lipoprotein levels between urban white-collar and urban blue-collar sub-groups of participants. Box plots represent the quartiles distribution of A: total cholesterol (TC); B: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); C: triglycerides (TG); D: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). ns: not significant (P>0.05, Student's t-test).
Figure S7. Comparison of fasting plasma lipoprotein levels between smokers and nonsmokers sub-groups of study population. Box plots represent the quartiles distribution of A: total cholesterol (TC); B: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); C: triglycerides (TG); D: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). P>0.05, Student's t-test. ns: not significant.
Figure S8. Effect of smoking status on stratification of the study population into plasma lipoprotein-based CHD-risk categories. Statistical significance was determined by z-test for two population proportions. (P>0.05).
Table S1. Clinical and metabolic characteristics of the study population. Parameter Mean ± SD Range Age (years) 35.90 ± 16.12 14 85 Weight (kg) 63.58 ± 13.68 35 102 Height (cm) 164.19 ± 8.36 142.24 187.96 BMI (kg/m 2 ) 23.59 ± 4.82 13.67 38.71 BMR (cal/day) 1387.12 ± 200.98 918 1953 Body Fat (%) 31.16 ± 7.89 15.89 54.54 Total body fat mass (kg) 20.68 ± 9.08 5.62 51.11 Waist circumference (cm) 85.77 ± 14.92 55.88 190.50 Wrist (cm) 16.61 ± 1.80 12.70 22.86 Waist-to-hip ratio 0.87 ± 0.12 0.58 2.03 Waist-to-height ratio 0.52 ± 0.09 0.37 1.14 Systolic BP (mmhg) 120.66 ± 20.16 61 224 Diastolic BP (mmhg) 77.34 ± 12.43 40 120 Fasting glucose (mg/dl) n=216 91.20 ± 38.21 22.69 289 TC (mg/dl) 162.18 ± 52.58 56 379 LDL-C (mg/dl) 93.87 ± 51.83 1 297 HDL-C (mg/dl) 44.57 ± 16.69 12 102 VLDL-C (mg/dl) 23.74 ± 9.60 4 72 TG (mg/dl) 140.60 ± 89.04 13 631 Non-HDL-C (mg/dl) 117.61 ± 55.42 17 344 TC/HDL-C 4.26 ± 2.47 1.27 15.97 TG/HDL-C 3.75 ± 2.88 0.21 19.34 LDL/HDL-C 2.62 ± 2.16 0.01 12.96 Non-HDL/HDL-C 3.26 ± 2.47 0.27 14.97 Male:Female ratio 54:65 Smokers (%) 12.6 Data are reported as means±sd except for smokers' percentage and male:female ratio. TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI: body mass index; BMR: basal metabolic rate; BP: blood pressure.
Table S2. Clinical and metabolic characteristics of the male participants. Parameter Mean ± SD Range Age (years) 40.77 ± 16.65 15 85 Weight (kg) 68.76 ± 12.91 41 102 Height (cm) 170.13 ± 6.68 152.40 187.96 BMI, kg/m 2 23.79 ± 4.48 14.78 38.71 BMR (cal/day) 1530.59 ± 172.62 1159.25 1953.00 Body fat (%) 32.52 ± 7.08 17.53 53.24 Total body fat mass (kg) 23.05 ± 8.65 7.60 51.11 Waist circumference (cm) 90.56 ±14.74 63.50 190.50 Wrist (cm) 17.52 ± 1.32 14.73 20.32 Waist-to-hip ratio 0.92 ± 0.13 0.74 2.03 Waist-to-height ratio 0.53 ± 0.09 0.4 1.14 Systolic BP (mmhg) 123.88 ± 17.87 90 199 Diastolic BP (mmhg) 78.93 ± 12.78 40 120 Fasting glucose (mg/dl) n=95 89.21 ± 33.29 23 285 TC (mg/dl) 159.80 ± 53.28 61 379 LDL-C (mg/dl) 91.52 ± 50.78 1 297 HDL-C (mg/dl) 42.02 ± 16.63 12 97 VLDL-C (mg/dl) 26.27 ± 10.11 11 68 TG (mg/dl) 165.30 ± 94.94 38 511 Non-HDL-C (mg/dl) 117.79 ± 55.68 20 348 TC/HDL-C 4.46 ± 2.47 1.31 14.85 TG/HDL-C 4.56 ± 2.98 0.47 13.90 LDL/HDL-C 2.72 ± 2.15 0.01 11.56 Non-HDL/HDL-C 3.46 ± 2.47 0.31 13.85 Smokers (%) 27.78 Data are reported as means±sd except smokers' percentage. TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI: body mass index; BMR: basal metabolic rate; BP: blood pressure.
Table S3. Clinical and metabolic characteristics of the female participants. Parameter Mean ± SD Range Age (years) 31.85 ± 14.47 14 75 Weight (kg) 59.20 ± 12.77 35 93 Height (cm) 159.26 ± 6.11 142.24 175.26 BMI, kg/m 2 23.42 ± 5.08 13.67 37.50 BMR (cal/day) 1267.93 ± 133.75 918 1709.38 Body fat (%) 18.71 ± 8.96 15.89 54.54 Total body fat mass (kg) 30.03 ± 8.33 5.62 49.08 Waist circumference (cm) 81.80 ± 13.87 55.88 119.38 Wrist (cm) 15.86 ± 1.80 12.70 22.86 Waist-to-hip ratio 0.82 ± 0.08 0.58 1.07 Waist-to-height ratio 0.51 ± 0.09 0.37 0.77 Systolic BP (mmhg) 117.99 ± 21.52 61 224 Diastolic BP (mmhg) 76.02 ± 11.98 43 114 Fasting glucose (mg/dl) n=121 92.75 ± 41.60 44.49 289 TC (mg/dl) 164.16 ± 51.90 56 355 LDL-C (mg/dl) 95.82 ± 52.61 3 268 HDL-C (mg/dl) 46.69 ± 16.44 13 102 VLDL-C (mg/dl) 21.64 ± 8.61 4 72 TG (mg/dl) 120.08 ± 78.09 13 631 Non-HDL-C (mg/dl) 117.46 ± 55.02 17 295 TC/HDL-C 4.09 ± 2.46 1.27 15.97 TG/HDL-C 3.07 ± 2.61 0.21 19.34 LDL/HDL-C 2.53 ± 2.17 0.08 12.96 Non-HDL/HDL-C 3.09 ± 2.46 0.27 14.97 Smokers (%) 0 Data are reported as means±sd except smokers' percentage. TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI: body mass index; BMR: basal metabolic rate; BP: blood pressure.
Table S4. Classification of the study population into different occupational classes. Occupational Groups No. of Participants White collar Managers 4 Professionals 5 Technicians and associate professionals 7 Clerical support workers 6 Service and sales workers 2 Students* 196 Blue collar Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers 36 Craft and related trades workers 8 Plant and machine operators, and Assemblers 10 Elementary occupations 15 Armed forces occupations 4 *Students were classified as white-collar participants. Table S5. Effect of gender on stratification of the study population into plasma lipoproteinbased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk-categories. Plasma lipoprotein Plasma lipoprotein CHD risk category Population % (n) P value Males (n=108) Females (n=130) Cholesterol Desirable 79.36 (86) 79.23 (103) 0.9362 Borderline high 12.96 (14) 11.54 (15) 0.7414 High 7.41 (8) 9.23 (12) 0.61708 LDL-C Optimal 61.11 (66) 58.46 (76) 0.6818 Near optimal/above optimal 16.67 (18) 18.46 (24) 0.71884 Borderline high 14.8 (16) 13.08 (17) 0.6965 High 4.63 (5) 3.08 (4) 0.5287 Very High 2.8 (3) 6.92 (9) 0.1443 HDL-C Low 47.22 (51) 33.08 (43) 0.02642* Average 38.89 (42) 50.77 (66) 0.06724 High 13.89 (15) 16.15 (21) 0.62414 TG Normal 54.63 (59) 79.23 (103) 0.0* Borderline high 19.44 (21) 12.31 (16) 0.13104 High 25 (27) 7.69 (10) 0.00024* Very High 0.93 (1) 0.77 (1) 0.8966 Data are reported as percent (n). *P<0.05, z-test for 2 population proportions. LDL-C: lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglycerides.
Table S6. Effect of age on stratification of the study population into plasma lipoprotein-based coronary heart disease (CHD) risk-categories. Plasma Plasma lipoprotein Population % (n) lipoprotein CHD risk category G1 (n=71) G2 (n=47) G3 (n=29) G4 (n=39) G5 (n=26) G6 (n=26) Cholesterol Desirable 87.32 (62) 82.98 (39) 68.96 (20) 69.23 (27) 73.08 (19) 84.61 (22) Borderline high 4.22 (3) 10.64 (5) 13.79 (4) 23.08 (9) 19.23 (5) 11.54 (3) High 8.45 (6) 6.39 (3) 17.24 (5) 7.69 (3) 7.69 (2) 3.85 (1) LDL- C Optimal 69.01 (49) 72.34 (34)* 31.03 (9) 51.28 (20) 42.31(11)* 73.08 (19) Near optimal/above 16.9 (12) 8.51 (4) 24.14 (7) 20.51 (8) 34.62 (9)* 11.54 (3) optimal Borderline high 4.23 (3) 10.64 (5)* 31.03(9) 20.51 (8) 15.38 (4) 11.54 (3) High 4.22 (3) 4.25 (2) 3.45 (1) 5.13 (2) 0 (0) 3.85 (1) Very High 5.63 (4) 4.25 (2) 10.34 (3) 2.56 (1) 7.69 (2) 0 (0) HDL- C Low 36.62 (26) 29.79 (14)* 55.17 (16) 43.59 (17) 42.31 (11) 34.62 (9) Average 49.29 (35) 42.55 (20) 27.59 (8)* 53.85 (21) 38.46 (10) 57.69 (15) High 14.1 (10) 27.66 (13) 17.24 (5)* 2.56 (1)* 19.23 (5) 7.69 (2) TG Normal 87.32 (62) 76.56 (36) 68.96 (20) 51.28 (20) 46.15 (12) 46.15 (12) Borderline high 9.86 (7) 8.51 (4) 13.79 (4) 17.95 (7) 30.77 (8) 26.92 (7) High 2.82 (2)* 14.89 (7) 17.24 (5) 28.2 (11) 23.08 (6) 23.08 (6) Very High 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2.56 (1) 0 (0) 3.85 (1) Age groups in years: G1 (14 22), G2 (23 31), G3 (32 40), G4 (41 49), G5 (50 58), and G6 ( 59). *P<0.05, comparisons were made between the consecutive age groups (z-test for 2 population proportions). LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglycerides. Table S7. Prevalence of various isolated and mixed dyslipidemias in the study population. Type of Dyslipidemia Percentage (proportion) At least one lipid-fraction affected 62.6 (149/238) Isolated dyslipidemia TC>200 0 (0/238) LDL-C 130 0.85 (2/238) HDL-C <40 17.23 (41/238) TG 150 11.8 (28/238) Mixed dyslipidemia TC>200, LDL-C 130 5.04 (12/238) TC>200, HDL-C <40 0 (0/238) TC>200, TG 150 2.1 (5/238) LDL-C 130, HDL-C <40 2.52 (6/238) LDL-C 130, TG 150 0 (0/238) TG 150, HDL-C <40 8.40 (20/238) TG 150, HDL-C <40, LDL-C 130 1.26 (3/238) HDL-C <40, LDL-C 130, TC>200 5.04 (12/238) HDL-C <40, TC>200, TG 150 0.42 (1/238) TG 150, LDL-C 130, TC>200 3.78 (9/238) HDL-C <40, LDL-C 130, TC>200, TG 150 4.20 (10/238) TC: total cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglyceride.