Supplementary Figure 1 (Mu) SBP (mmhg) 2 18 16 p<.1 175 SBP (mmhg) 2 22 2 18 p<.1 p<.1 p<.1 29 12 122 16 12 128 n.s. 131 159 Sham DOCA DR/NS DR/HS DS/NS DS/HS Supplementary Figure 1 Systolic blood pressure (BP) in DOCA mice or Dahl rats was measured directly using telemetry/catheter via the left carotid artery at the end of the treatment (DOCA mice 3 weeks; Dahl rats 4 weeks). n=4-6 animals for each group. Data are means ± s.e. p<.1 (t-test for DOCA groups; ANOVA for Dahl groups).
Supplementary Figure 2 (Mu) DR/NS DR/HS DS/NS DS/HS Supplementary Figure 2 Immunostaining of pan T cell marker CD3 (brown) on kidney sections of Dahl salt resistant (DR) / sensitive (DS) rats with high salt (HS) or normal salt (NS) diet for 4 weeks. Nuclei were stained by Hematoxyline (blue). Data are representative of n=8 images in each group. scale µm.
Supplementary Figure 3 (Mu) Negative Control Sham mouse T cells DOCA mouse T cells CD3 SSC Supplementary Figure 3 Splenic pan T cells isolated from Sham mice or DOCA mice were stained with CD3 antibody. A mixture of cells without CD3 staining from both groups of mice was used as negative control. Flow cytometry confirmed all cells isolated from spleen from either set of mice are CD3 + T cells. Red numbers indicate the proportion (%) of CD3 + (upper) and CD3 - (lower) cells in each group. Data are representative of three independent experiments.
Supplementary Figure 4 (Mu) CD8 + T cell negative selection noab APC noab PE CD3 APC CD8 APC CD4 PE CD4 + T cell negative selection noab APC noab PE CD3 APC CD8 APC CD4 PE Supplementary Figure 4 Mouse CD8 + (upper panels) and CD4 + (lower panels) positive T cells isolated from mouse spleens using negative selection were stained with CD3, CD4 and CD8 antibodies. Flow cytometry confirmed the purity of both isolated cells was higher than 8%. Neither contamination of CD4 + T cells in isolated CD8 + T cells, nor CD8 + T cells in isolated CD4 + T cells, were detected. Red numbers indicate the proportion (%) of cells in indicated area. Data are representative of three to four independent experiments.
Supplementary Figure 5 (Mu) Cell tracker labeled CD8Ts & auto fluorescence & DAPI Kidney Spleen Heart Supplementary Figure 5 Fresh isolated CD8 + T cells were pre-loaded with fluorescent Cell Tracker (red) before adoptive transfer to mice. Due to the limit of fluorescent dye bleaching, mice receiving cells were sacrificed in 72 hours (fed on regular diet for hours followed by HS diet for 32 hours) after the adoptive transfer of fluorescent labeled CD8 + T cells. The kidneys, spleens and heart were fixed, embedded in OCT and sliced on a cryostat. Exogenous CD8 + T cells were found in the kidneys, the spleens but not the hearts in the adoptive transfer-receiving mice. Red color is fluorescent cell tracker representing exogenous CD8 + T cells; Green color is tissue auto-fluorescence due to PFA fixation indicating tissue morphology; Blue color is DAPI staining. Data are representative of n=9-13 images in each group. scale µm.
Supplementary Figure 6 (Mu) DOCA kidney + CD8 + DAPI + CD8 T cell kidney Supplementary Figure 6 Double staining of CD8 (red) and (green) in the kidneys of DOCA mice (left panel) and mice receiving adoptive transfer of CD8 + T cells (right panel). Nuclei were stained by DAPI (blue). Data are representative of n=12 images in each group. scale 2µm.
Supplementary Figure 7 (Mu) CD3 TKs CD8 Supplementary Figure 7 Flow cytometry confirmed that TK-1 cells are CD3 + and CD8 +. Cells without staining are labeled with gray color (negative control); Cells stained with both CD3 and CD8 antibodies are labeled with red color. Data are representative of four independent tests.
Supplementary Figure 8 (Mu) Na-K-ATPase CD8 Merge Supplementary Figure 8 Channel split images of Fig. 5b, demonstrating direct contact of TK and mdct cells in individual cell level. As expected, the staining of Na-K-ATPase (green) on mdct membrane was much stronger compered to TK membrane. And CD8 (red) only stained on the surface of TKs but not mdcts. Yellow area (merge) at the cross of both cells indicates the direct contact of TK and DCT cells. Data are representative of n>15 images. Scale 2mm.
Supplementary Figure 9 (Mu) count a CD3 mdcts TKs b 2 1.5 1.5 / (mrna) p=.1 1.3 Con +TK c membrane protein Na-K- ATPase Fold change p- 3 2 1 Con * 2.2 +TK * 1.9 p- (kda) ~13 ~13 ~12 Supplementary Figure 9 Effects of co-culture on expression in mdcts. (a) CD8 specific magnetic dynabeads completely removed TKs from the mdct-tk co-culture. PBS washed co-cultured cells before (red area) or after (blue dashed lined area) removal of TKs using magnetic beads were stained by CD3 antibody. Data are representative of three independent tests. (b) Realtime-PCR using specific TaqMan primers illustrated mrna expression level in mdcts with or without prior TK-treatment. n=1 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. p=.1 (t-test) (c) Membrane protein expression of and p- in mdcts with or without TK co-culture. Na-K-ATPase was used as loading control. n=4-6 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. *p<.1 vs. Control (t-test).
Supplementary Figure 1 (Mu) a b Transwell TK cell number (%) TKs 12 89. 8 6 2..2 Supplementary Figure 1 Size of TKs and ytanswell ability. (a) TK cell size was measured by Scepter 2 cell counter. Most TK cells are about 7-9 mm in diameter. Data are representative of >1 independent tests. (b) Proportion of TK cells passing through transwell co-culture inserts with different pore size (.4 mm, 8 mm). TK cell number with no transwell chamber (+TK) set as %. n=6 in each group. Data are means ± s.e.
Supplementary Figure 11 (Mu) SPAK Con ~ +TK Neut IL17a Neut IFNγ (kda) ~ ~13 Fold change 2.5 2 1.5 Con +TK +TK+neut IL17a +TK+neut IFNg n.s. n.s. * * 1.96 1.96 2.9 2.4 n.s. n.s. 1 1.98 2.1 ~38.5 SPAK Supplementary Figure 11 Neutralizing antibodies for IL17a (1 mg/ml) and IFNg (1 mg/ml) were added to mdct-tk co-culture (15 mins prior to adding TKs). After co-culture, mdcts were analyzed by western blot for expression of SPAK and. Neither neutralizing antibody has blocking effect on TK-induced up-regulation. was used as a loading control. n=4 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. *p<.1 vs. Control (ANOVA).
Supplementary Figure 12 (Mu) a b Con +TK / (mrna) 64.8 79.9 1.2 p<.1 Sham-si 1.8.6.4.2 Sham-si.23 si CoroNa Green (linear) SSC 23.9 26.8 si Supplementary Figure 12 Effects of knockdown with sirna. (a) Realtime-PCR using specific TaqMan primers detected mrna in the mdcts with (si) or without (sham-si) knockdown by sirna. n=4 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. p<.1 (t-test) (b) knockdown by sirna (si) decreased proportion of high sodium-containing mdcts in both TKtreated and untreated groups. Moreover, si abolished the effect of TK-mediated increase of sodium retention in mdcts. Red numbers indicate the proportion (%) of cells with high sodium content. Data are representative of four independent experiments.
Supplementary Figure 13 (Mu) a 1.2 1 SPAK/ (mrna) p<.1 b 11 MQAE Fluorescence unit / mg Protein (intracellular chloride ratio) (%) PBS +Bume +HCTZ +HCTZ+Bume c NKCC2 Con +TK Con +TK (kda) ~125 ~38.8 9 p=.57.6.4.2 Sham-si.29 sispak 8 6 Con * * +TK * Fold change 1.2 1.8.6.4.2 Con 1.13 +TK Supplementary Figure 13 Effects of co-culture on intracellular chloride and NKCC2 expression in mdcts. (a) Realtime-PCR using specific TaqMan primers detected SPAK mrna in the mdcts with (sispak) or without (sham-si) SPAK knockdown by sirna. n=4 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. p<.1 (t-test) (b) Effect of blocking chloride influx with HCTZ (2mM) and/or Bume (mm) on intracellular chloride concentration (ratio) in TK-treated (right, +TK) or untreated (left, Con) mdcts. Blocking both pathways of chloride entry led to a larger decrease in intracellular chloride than blocking either pathway alone. Intracellular chloride concentration was measured with the chloride indicator MQAE and normalized per milligram protein. n=8-1 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. p<.1(shown in figure, t-test); *p<.1 vs. PBS+TK; p<.1 vs. PBS+TK+Bume; p<.1 vs. PBS+TK+HCTZ (ANOVA). (c) Western blot of NKCC2 (SLC12A1) abundance in mdcts with or without TK co-culture. was used as a loading control. n=4 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. p=.57 (ttest)
Supplementary Figure-14 (Mu) a membrane protein Con +TK (kda) b 1.2 Clc-k1 / (mrna) p<.1 1.2 Clc-k2 / (mrna) p<.1 IP Clc-k IB Barttin 35.9.6.9.6 Na-K- ATPase 25 ~12.3 Sham-si.19 siclc-k1.3 Sham-si.13 siclc-k2 c Clc-k Sham Si Clc-k1 Si Clc-k2 siclc-k1 siclc-k2 (kda) ~68 d Mem Clc-k Con Sham-si +TK Con siclc-k +TK (kda) ~68 ~38 Na-K- ATPase ~12 Supplementary Figure 14 Effects of Clc-K knockdown using sirnas against both Clc-K1 and Clc-K2. (a) The binding of membrane Clc-k to its subunit barttin was detected by immunoprecipitation (IP) of Clc-k and immunoblot (IB) of barttin (reverse from Figure 7b). Membrane protein loading for both western blot and IP/IB were normalized by Na-K-ATPase. Data are representative of n=4 in each group. (b) Knockdown efficiency of siclc-ka or siclc-kb was evaluated by realtime-pcr using specific TaqMan primers (ABI) against Clc-ka or Clc-kb. n=4 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. p<.1 (t-test) (c) In western blot, Clc-k antibody from Alomone detects both isoforms of Clc-k. Image analyzed by Image Lab software. Saturated pixels were highlighted in red. was used as loading control. Data are representative of two independent tests. (d) Clc-k knockdown using both sirnas inhibited TK-induced up-regulation of membrane expression of Clc-k. Na-K-ATPase was used as membrane protein loading control. Data are representative of n=4-6 in each group.
Supplementary Figure 15 (Mu) a 1.2 1.8.6 Kir4.1/ (mrna) p<.1 b Mem Kir4.1 sikir4.1 Con +TK Con +TK (kda) ~1.4.2.31 Na-K- ATPase ~12 Sham-si sikir4.1 Supplementary Figure 15 Effects of Kir4.1 knockdown using sirna. (a) Realtime-PCR using specific TaqMan primers detected Kir4.1 mrna in the mdcts with (sikir4.1) or without (sham-si) Kir4.1 knockdown by sirna. n=4 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. p<.1 (ttest). (b) Knockdown of Kir4.1 prevented TK-induced up-regulation of membrane expression of Kir4.1. Na-K-ATPase was used as membrane protein loading control. Data are representative of n=4 in each group.
Supplementary Figure 16 (Mu) a K + (mm) 5 4 3 Plasma n.s. 4.56 4.61 5 4 3 Culture media n.s. 4. 4.42 b +2 mm KCl Con +TK Con +TK +4 mm KCl Con +TK (kda) ~13 2 1 2 1 ~38 Sham + CD8 Ts Con +TK Supplementary Figure 16 Role of potassium in CD8 T cell-mdct cell interaction (a) left, plasma potassium level in mice with or without receiving adoptive transfer of CD8 + T cells (measured at day 3 after adoptive CD8 + T cell transfer); right, potassium concentration in mdct culture media with or without co-culture with TKs. n=4-5 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. no significance observed (t-test). (b) expression in control or TK-co-cultured mdcts with or without additional KCl at concentrations of 2 mm or 4 mm. was used as a loading control. Data are representative of n=3-5 in each group.
Supplementary Figure 17 (Mu) Sham-si si-src Con +TK Con +TK (kda) 2.5 Sham Con Sham +TK sisrc Con sisrc +TK t-src p-src Y419 ~6 ~6 ~38 Fold change 2 1.5 1.5.97 * #.46.44 * 1.91.89 # 1.2 t-src p-src Supplementary Figure 17. Effects of sisrc on Src expression and activation in mdcts with or without TK treatment. Although knockdown of Src did not dramatically decrease the active form of Src p-srcy419 in control cells, it greatly prevented TK-induced increase of Src activation. was used as a loading control. n=4 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. *p<.1 vs. Control; #p<.1 vs. sham+tk (ANOVA).
Supplementary Figure 18 (Mu) total pro Mem pro P-Src Y419 t-src Mem Kir4.1 Na-K- ATPase +PP1 nm Con +TK Con +TK (kda) ~6 ~6 ~13 ~38 ~1 ~12 Fold change 2.5 2 1.5 1.5 * 1.91.78.94 Con +TK Con+PP1 +TK+PP1.97 1.93 # # n.s..8 2 2.11.9 8 p-src t-src Kir4.1 (membrane) * * # Supplementary Figure 18. Effects of Src inhibitor PP1 on TK-induced activation of Src, increase of membrane Kir4.1 and up-regulation of in mdcts. Na-K-ATPase or were used as loading controls for membrane protein or total protein, respectively. n=3-4 in each group. Data are means ± s.e. *p<.1 vs. Control; #p<.1 vs. +TK (ANOVA).
Supplementary Figure 19 (Mu) Fig 1c Fig 2a Fig 2d 1 Fig 3b p- Fig 5c Fig 5d upper Fig 5d lower Fig 7a Fig 7b Clc-k p- p- SPAK p- IP barttin / IB Clc-k Na-K-ATPase Na-K-ATPase
Fig 8a upper Na-K-ATPase p- Kir4.1 1 26 SPAK Fig 8a lower Fig 8b Clc-K p- Na-K-ATPase Fig 9a 1 26 Kir4.1 1 p- Na-K-ATPase SPAK Fig 9c p-srcy419 t-src SPAK
26 1 S. Fig 9c S. Fig 15b p- Na-K-ATPase Kir4.1 Na-K-ATPase S. Fig 11 S. Fig 16b SPAK 1 S. Fig 13 S. Fig 17 NKCC2 t-src p-srcy419 kda 35 25 S. Fig 14a Batrrin Na-K-ATPase S. Fig 14c S. Fig 18 Clc-K p-srcy419 t-src 26 1 S. Fig 14d Clc-K Na-K-ATPase S. Fig 18 Kir4.1 Supplementary Figure 19 Uncropped images of all representative western blots. Na-K-ATPase
Supplementary Table 1 (Mu) Western Blot Immunostaining Antibody Target Apparent position ~13/11 Antibody supplier Abcam Antibody Cat# /lot# ab9532/ GR899 Antibody host Antibody dilution Incubation time Antibody host/target Rb (P) 1:1 O/N GaRb ~38 Millipore MAB374 Ms (M) 1: O/N GaMs p- ~13 Ellison (OHSU) #39,# Rb (P) 1:2 O/N GaRb Na-K-ATPase ~12 Abcam ab762 Rb (M) 1: O/N GaRb SPAK ~ CST #2281 Rb (P) 1: O/N GaRb Clc-K ~68 Alomone ACL-4 Rb (P) 1: O/N GaRb Kir4.1 ~1 (tetramer) Alomone APC-35 Rb (P) 1:6 O/N GaRb p-src Y419 ~6 Abcam ab185617 Rb (M) 1: O/N GaRb t-src ~6 Abcam ab19381 Rb (M) 1:1 O/N GaRb NKCC2 125 Abcam ab171747 Rb (M) 1:2 O/N GaRb Barttin 37 SantaCruz sc-365161 Ms (M) 1: O/N GaMs Antibody supplier Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Jackson immuno Antibody dilution incubation time 1: 2h 1: 2h 1: 2h 1: 2h 1: 2h 1: 2h 1: 2h 1: 2h 1: 2h 1: 2h 1: 2h CD3 staining Abcam ab16669 Rb (M) 1: O/N GaRb Vector kit 1:2 2h staining Abcam ab9532 Rb (P) 1: O/N GaRb CD8 staining Novus Primary Antibodies NBP2-12183 Rt (M) 1: O/N GaRt CD8 staining Biolegend 758 Rt (M) 1: O/N Na-K-ATPase Staining Abcam ab198367 Rb (M) 1: O/N Secondary Antibodies Abcam 177 Abcam 1168 1:2 2h 1:2 2h N/A (primary labeled with Alexa 594) N/A (primary labeled with Alexa 647) Rb=rabbit; Ms=mouse; Rt=Rat; (P)=polyclonal; (M)=monoclonal; GaRb=goat anti rabbit; GaMs=goat anti-mouse; GaRt=goat antirat; NFM=non-fatty milk; O/N=overnight Supplementary Table 1 Information of all antibodies for western blot or immuno-staining experiments.