Press Coverage of Tobacco Issues as a Component of the SmokeLess States Evaluation

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Press Coverage of Tobacco Issues as a Component of the SmokeLess States Evaluation

Analysis of news coverage I. Coverage of Tobacco Issues Overall Volume Scope Types of Articles Slant II. Coverage of SmokeLess States Efforts: Clean Indoor Air, Excise Taxes, and Medicaid Coverage of Cessation Volume Scope Types of Articles Slant III. Relationship between newspaper coverage and: SLS Tobacco Control Efforts (SoTC) Policy Changes (Legislative Tracking)

The Good News.

And Now For The Bad News.

Tobacco-Related Stories Stories per Month, 1/02-5/02 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 January February March April May

Legislative and Regulatory Tracking Component of the SmokeLess States Evaluation

AIM OF THE SYSTEM To monitor the substance and progress of tobacco-related bills and regulations across the SmokeLess States states and remaining states Data Collected All bills/regulations containing tobacco-related keyword(s) Examples: Tobacco, Cigarettes, Smoking, Master Settlement Agreement Have received over 1,000 bills and proposed regulations since January 1, 2002

PROCEDURE vs. POLICY Are tobacco-related bills introduced within the SmokeLess States? Are these bills enacted? Or do they linger in committee? Which tobacco-related policy areas do the bills and regulations address? What do the bills and regulations aim to change?

POLICY FOCUS System tracks 17 tobacco policy areas (Advertising to Youth Access) However, system focuses most closely upon three policy types - Smoke-Free Air, Tobacco Excise Taxes & Medicaid Cessation Coverage Success measured by introduction, progress, and enactment of policies and/or defeat of anti-tobacco control measures (e.g. preemption)

Introduced Legislation: 1/1/02-5/31/02

ImpacTeen is part of Bridging the Gap: Research Informing Practice for Healthy Youth Behavior, supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and administered by the University of Illinois at Chicago

State-Specific Trends in Tobacco-Use Behaviors and Attitudes Gary A. Giovino Roswell Park Cancer Institute Smokeless States Annual Meeting June 27, 2002

Introduction Tobacco prevention and control activities occur at the national, state, local, and individual levels. Epidemiologic model of agent, host, vector, and environment is useful. Monitoring patterns of use and attitudes is an important component of Project ImpacTeen and the SmokeLess States Evaluation.

Tobacco Control Model of Nicotine Addiction Environment Familial, Cultural, Political, Economic, Social, Historical, Media Vector Tobacco Product Manufacturers; Other Users Tobacco Products Agent Host Smoker/Chewer Incidental Host Involuntary Smoker Adapted from Orleans & Slade, 1993

Introduction Tobacco prevention and control activities occur at the national, state, local, and individual levels. Epidemiologic model of agent, host, vector, and environment is useful. Monitoring patterns of use and attitudes is an important component of Project ImpacTeen and the SmokeLess States Evaluation.

Percent Current Smokers, 12-17 years old Smoking Prevalence Among Youths Aged 12-17 Years Old and Adults Aged >26 Years Old in All 50 States and the District of Columbia, 1999 NHSDA 30 25 20 SD MT ND WV KY r 2 =0.409 ß = 0.732 15 P < 0.001 10 5 UT CA FL DC N = 51 0 15 20 25 30 35 Percent Current Smokers, >25 years old Note: Current smokers were persons who smoked on > 1 day during the previous 30 days Source: 1999 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse

Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey http://appliedresearch.cancer.gov/riskfactor/tobacco/index.html National Cancer Institute commissioned a Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey to evaluate ASSIST. State estimates - sample sizes of 2,100-20,800. Tobacco Use Supplements conducted in 1992/93, 1995/96, and 1998/99 - public use data now available on CD. Tobacco use/attitudinal data collected in 2001/2002; cessation data to be collected in 2003; data collection to continue. Household survey; civilian, non-institutionalized population ages 15 years and older (18+ and 25+ used frequently). Mostly self-reports (about 20% proxy - for measures of use).

Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking (CPS) 1992 (%) 1998 (%) % Change National 23.8 21.4-10.1 Low States Utah 16.9 13.7-18.8 California 18.9 16.6-12.4 Hawaii 22.2 18.3-17.3 High States Kentucky 32.0 29.8-6.8 Oklahoma 26.7 27.5 + 2.9 Alaska 27.6 26.7-3.4

Percentage of Current Smokers Who Are Some-Day Smokers (CPS) 1992 (%) 1998 (%) % Change National 17.7 18.6 + 5.1 High States D.C. 31.6 33.3 + 5.4 California 24.0 28.6 + 19.1 Utah 19.3 26.4 + 37.1 Low States W. Virginia 11.4 10.9-4.0 Kentucky 8.8 11.6 + 32.0 Delaware 14.3 12.2-14.6

Average Number of Cigarettes Per Day Among Current Smokers (CPS) 1992 (%) 1998 (%) % Change National 17.3 16.2-6.3 Low States D.C. 11.5 10.9-4.7 California 14.4 12.3-15.0 Hawaii 16.4 13.4-17.8 High States Kentucky 21.7 20.8-4.1 Tennessee 18.8 19.7 + 4.8 W. Virginia 20.2 19.6-2.9

Receipt of Stop-Smoking Advice from a Physician During Previous Year (CPS) 1992 (%) 1998 (%) % Change National 50.1 59.2 + 18.3 High States R. Island 55.4 73.9 + 33.5 N. Hamp. 56.1 69.8 + 24.2 Connecticut 58.7 68.9 + 17.4 Low States S. Dakota 46.6 47.7 + 2.4 N. Dakota 42.7 48.9 + 14.5 Iowa 50.9 50.3-1.1

Stopped for a Day Because Trying to Quit (Among Everyday Smokers) (CPS) 1992 (%) 1998 (%) % Change National 35.7 36.8 + 3.1 High States Maine 37.9 53.3 + 40.5 N. Hamp. 35.4 48.3 + 36.2 R. Island 36.6 45.4 + 24.2 Low States Indiana 29.7 29.2-1.7 Arkansas 33.7 29.6-12.2 Idaho 35.0 30.2-13.6

Quit for 3+ months (among persons who smoked daily one year previously) (CPS) 1992 (%) 1998 (%) % Change National 5.1 5.0-1.3 High States Vermont 5.0 8.7 + 73.6 Washington 7.6 7.8 + 2.7 N. Hamp. 4.4 7.8 + 76.6 Low States Mississippi 4.1 2.4-41.8 Indiana 4.5 2.8-38.2 D.C. 2.8 3.0 + 5.9

Home Smoking Ban (CPS) 1992 (%) 1998 (%) % Change National 43.1 61.1 + 41.8 High States Utah 70.6 81.9 + 16.1 California 58.9 74.2 + 25.9 Arizona 55.8 71.8 + 28.6 Low States Kentucky 24.4 40.5 + 66.1 W. Virginia 28.8 42.6 + 47.9 Indiana 32.8 49.8 + 51.9

Workplace Smoking Ban (CPS) 1992 (%) 1998 (%) % Change National 46.1 68.9 + 49.4 High States Utah 65.0 84.0 + 29.2 Maryland 52.1 81.7 + 56.8 Vermont 58.0 77.2 + 33.3 Low States Nevada 33.5 48.7 + 45.5 Kentucky 29.1 55.9 + 91.8 Indiana 34.7 58.4 + 68.1

Percentage of People Who Think Smoking Should be Prohibited in Restaurants (CPS) 1992 (%) 1998 (%) % Change National 4.2 49.3 + 9.0 High States California 55.9 71.4 + 27.7 Utah 52.9 70.7 + 33.7 Oregon 52.0 56.4 + 8.3 Low States Kentucky 28.8 28.0-2.9 N. Carolina 34.5 35.6 + 2.5 W. Virginia 33.9 36.2 + 6.6

Future Plans http://appliedresearch.cancer.gov/riskfactor/tobacco/index.html Obtain Current Population Survey data as soon as they become available. Provide relevant information to SLS as needed and as requested. Plug data into overall evaluation strategy.

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