Clariant Mining Emulsifiers for Explosives

Clariant Mining Emulsifiers for Explosives

Clariant s Solutions Clariant Mining offers customers high performance, tailor-made products that include synergistic blends and ready-to-use fuel phase solutions. Clariant products provide consistently reliable emulsions with key benefits such as long-term stability against thermal and mechanical stress and constant cap sensitivity. Marketed under the trade name ARKOMON, Clariant emulsifiers encompasses high quality PIBSA (polyisobutylene succinic anhydride) based products and a broad range of water in oil emulsifiers including sorbitan and phosphate esters designed to meet your specific needs. Clariant can provide emulsion customers with maximum flexibility with our PIBSA range of products. Our PIBSA emulsifiers are specifically manufactured for use in explosives. We use a flexible manufacturing process that allows us to tailor-make products to meet our individual customer s specifications. Because our emulsifiers are derived from high-re thermal process PIBSA, our customers consistently see lower dosage rates, superior emulsion stability, longer sleep times, better water resistance and greater shear stability. These same characteristics also apply to our newer, greener products that use recycled oils. Clariant s global production and local expertise means that we can provide our customers with a variety of supply chain management options. So whatever your emulsion needs, you can rely on Clariant Mining to provide you with superior products and technical service, delivering personalized solutions to meet and exceed your emulsion challenges. Laying down bulk explosives Clariant provides water resistant emulsions that can be pumped yet hold their integrity within the drill hole. 1

Clariant s Product Range at a Glance Emulsifiers for Bulk Explosive s ARKOMON range of high performance Emulsifiers specifically for bulk applications Emulsifiers for Packaged Explosives ARKOMON range of Emulsifiers specifically for highly stable packaged explosives Complete Fuel Phase for Bulk Explosives Blend of fuels (diesel, kerosene, mineral oils) with Clariant Emulsifiers made to customer specifications Complete Fuel Phase for Packaged Explosives Blend of waxes and other fuels with Clariant Emulsifiers made to customer specifications Chemical Gassing Solutions Chemical activation reagents made to customer specifications Anti-caking Agents for Ammonium Nitrate Fertala range of anti-caking agents PIBSA Polyisobutylene Succinic Anhydride BULK EXPLOSIVES Properties Benefits Emulsifier Time to Gassing Type Viscosity Rate Gassed Blend Stability Viscosity Stability Water Resistance Droplet Size Excellent Excellent Excellent Produces emulsions which are very stable long-term storage stability. Excellent Excellent Excellent Increases the life of gassed emulsions and blends. Protects against crystallisation and loss of water resistance giving emulsions with much longer in-ground stability. Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Produces ANFO emulsions which are very stable to shear stress, giving the advantage of being able to pump the emulsion multiple times without crystallization problems. Medium Ideal for reducing the mixing time to reach target viscosity of bulk emulsions, allowing greater plant throughput. Excellent Improves Velocity of Detonation and produces emulsions with excellent water resistance. Excellent Gives emulsions which are very robust to AN impurities and anti-caking agents which would otherwise poison the emulsion. Medium Produces emulsions with a very rapid gassing rate and excellent viscosity stability during storage. Medium of Veg Oil 100% Ideal as co-emulsifers in bulk explosives, particularly when a rapid gassing rate is required. These emulsifiers allow emulsions Medium Sorbitan Oleate Ester 100% to be produced under relatively low shear Medium conditions. of Tall Oil 100% Clariant Product ARKOMON XP 1320 ARKOMON XP 1410 ARKOMON XP 1530 ARKOMON XP 1530-A ARKOMON XP 1820 ARKOMON XP 2110 ARKOMON XP 2020 ARKOMON XP 2210 ARKOMON XP 1020 ARKOMON XE 1900 ARKOMON XE 1600 ARKOMON XE 1600-A ARKOMON XE 1700 SMO Sorbitan Mono-Oleate High Performance. Stable. Reliable. Tailor-Made. PACKAGED EXPLOSIVES Properties Benefits Emulsifier Time to Viscosity Type Viscosity Stability Stability Compatibility - Sensitizing Materials Excellent Compatibility with Waxes Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent Droplet Size Medium Excellent Medium Ideal for applications where relatively low shear is used to build viscosity. Produces emulsions which are very stable long-term storage stability. Produces emulsions which are very stable long-term storage stability. Reduces time required to reach target viscosity. cost efficient emulsifiers which give rapid viscosity development. Excellent compatibility with a large range of waxes and fuels used in packaged explosives. stability and VOD are enhanced when used in combination with PIBSA derived emulsifiers. of Veg Oil 100% Excellent Medium Sorbitan Oleate Ester 100% Excellent Medium of Tall oil 100% Clariant Product ARKOMON XP 2110 ARKOMON XP 1320 ARKOMON XP 1820 ARKOMON XE 1900 ARKOMON XE 1600 ARKOMON XE 1600-A ARKOMON XE 1700 Excellent Improves Velocity of Detonation. ARKOMON XP 2020 2 Emulsifiers for Explosives 3

Time to Viscosity plants with relatively low shear mixing equipment typically require an emulsifier that provides rapid viscosity building to facilitate production throughput. Slow Slow Comparative rates to reach standard emulsion viscosity (approx. 25,000 cps) Gassing Rate Comparative rates for chemical gassing The choice of emulsifier can have a large impact on the rate of chemical gassing. ARKOMON emulsifiers with a rapid gassing rate facilitate safe and efficient loading by allowing the gassing reagent to be added while loading the emulsion. Slow Slow Stability of Viscosity 30% viscosity can change significantly during storage. This factor may be important when selecting an emulsifier to enable production of emulsions which stay within an acceptable viscosity range. 20% 10% 0% -10% Viscosity change after 3 weeks at room temperature Initial Viscosity 25,000 cps -20% Gassed Stability The stability of chemically gassed emulsions is a critical factor in allowing flexibility of blasting schedules. ARKOMON emulsifiers give excellent stability against crystallisation during long sleep time in the blast holes. Crystallisation Negligible Few Few Mid Mid to Strong Strong Strong Complete Stability against crystallisation after 3 weeks at room temperature Water Resistance High Comparative water resistance of gassed emulsion blends The water resistance of emulsions is critical to ensure reliable detonation and minimization of NO X emissions. ARKOMON emulsifiers can be used to achieve optimum water resistance and optimum performance in wet conditions. High Poor Poor * Each product shown is a representative of the chemical family to which it belongs. 4 Emulsifiers for Explosives

Clariant MINING 2645 Technology Forest Blvd. The Woodlands, Texas 77381 Tel: +1 281-465-9100 Fax: +1 281-465-9200 www.mining.clariant.com This information corresponds to the present state of our knowledge and is intended as a general description of our products and their possible applications. Clariant makes no warranties, express or implied, as to the information s accuracy, adequacy, sufficiency or freedom from defect and assumes no liability in connection with any use of this information. Any user of this product is responsible for determining the suitability of Clariant s products for its particular application. * Nothing included in this information waives any of Clariant s General Terms and Conditions of Sale, which control unless it agrees otherwise in writing. Any existing intellectual/industrial property rights must be observed. Due to possible changes in our products and applicable national and international regulations and laws, the status of our products could change. Material Safety Data Sheets providing safety precautions, that should be observed when handling or storing Clariant products, are available upon request and are provided in compliance with applicable law. You should obtain and review the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet information before handling any of these products. For additional information, please contact Clariant. Trademark of Clariant registered in numerous countries. * For sales to customers located within the United States and Canada the following applies in addition: NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY IS MADE OF THE MERCHANTABILITY, SUITABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR OTHERWISE OF ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE. 2012 Clariant International AG, Rothausstrasse 61, 4132 Muttenz, Schweiz Product and service marks protected by Clariant CM-122012