Chapter 9 Nations, Nation-States, and Internationalism Chapter Issue: Does involvement in international affairs benefit nations and states? Related Issue #3: Should internationalism be pursued? Name:
Chapter 9 - Nations, Nation-States, and Internationalism Related Issue #3: Should internationalism be pursued? Chapter 9 Issue: Does involvement in international affairs benefit nations and nation-states? 4 Sections: ==> What motivates nations and nation-states to become involved in international affairs? (pages 202-209) Economic Stability, Peace and Security, Self-Determination, Humanitarianism ==> How do the motives of nations and nation-states shape their responses to the rest of the world? (pages 210-213) Isolationism, Unilateralism, Bilateralism, Multilateralism, Supranationalism ==> What are some understandings of internationalism? (pages 214-217) The World Health Organization, Right to Play, The Arctic Council ==> How does internationalism benefit nations and nation-states? (pages 218-219) Internationalism and Peace and Security Internationalism and Economic Stability Internationalism and Self-Determination Internationalism and Humanitarianism Key terms: needs, wants, isolationism, unilateralism, bilateralism, multilateralism, supranationalism ==> What motivates nations and nation-states to become involved in international affairs? (pages 202-209) Think about the range of human activity on this planet - and what motivates people to behave in certain ways. Psychologists believe that people's behaviour is motivated by both needs and wants. Needs: Wants:
Both needs and wants are powerful motivators. They encourage people to go to school, to practice a skill, or to work at a job. Psychologist Abraham Maslow studied people's needs. He saw a pattern - and believed that everyone ranked her or his needs in the same order of importance. Maslow's pattern, or hierarchy, is shown in Figure 9-2. Look at Maslow's theory on page 202. Maslow placed basic survival needs at the bottom of the pyramid. He said that these needs are the most important. Maslow noted that once people had met their basic survival needs, they were motivated to try to meet the needs at the next level. People would work their way up through the levels until they became happy, fulfilled human beings. Not everyone accepts Maslow's theory. Some other psychologists believe that human nature is too complicated to explained this easy. Some people, for example, are motivated by a powerful need to help others. This need can sometimes motivate them to ignore their own need for security. Needs and Motives of Succesful Nation-States (page 203) The needs and wants of individuals and nation-states are very similiar. Their actions tend to support their personal interests. Nations behaviours are motivated by their citizens collective needs and wants. Many succesful democratic nationstates are motivated to provide the following for their citizens: Economic Stability Peace and Security Self-Determination Humanitarianism Sometimes these motives can be met within the nation-state. At other times, they inspire nations or nation-states to increase their involvement with the world at large.
Nation-States and Involvement in International Affairs Nation-States and Involvement in International Affairs Motive 1. Economic Stability Why Motive Inspires International Involvement *serves personal interest by looking for ways to achieve economic stability Example *involves getting an edumacation, finding a job, saving money to meet future needs *nation-states serve their national interest by seeking ways to achieve economic stability *by creating a more skilled work force, a gov t attracts more industry to its country *a national gov t might develop trade polices that support exports, strong exports keep employment levels high *gov ts provide $ for training apprentices in skilled trade *when people have jobs, they spend more $ and create a demand for goods and services ->companies will hire more workers to keep up with sales 2. Peace and Security *if successful nation-states protect their citizens, a safe, well-edumacated work force helps create economic prosperity *most nation-states are motivated to develop peaceful relations w/ other states; if not, war CAN result * nation-states motivated to create ALLIANCES to protect themselves against conflict * some nation-states believe they will be more secure if the rest of the world is free from war *society cannot function unless people feel safe doing things * nation-states promote safety and security by passing laws, creating police forces and rules for the workplace * NATO/NORAD *Canada belongs to the United Nations
3. Self- Determination *most people are strongly motivated to control their own lives *like individuals, nations and nationstates are strongly motivated to control their own future *some nations feel their interests will be better served if they are part of a larger nation-state *as an adult, you will probably want to make your own decisions and control your own future *1800 - Canada wanted to become independent from Great Britain, worked to achieve this * the Inuit of Nunavut, they have control over aspects of their own destiny within the nation-state of Canada 4. Humanitarianism *most people are strongly motivated to help others, at least a little bit *shovel snow for an elder, help a friend in a crisis *lots of us involve ourselves in helping *food drives or raise money those who are less fortunate for the victims of a natural disaster *nation-states are motivated to take action to relieve suffering and protect the innocent *nation-states can sometimes help the poor people within their own borders *Humanitarianism - acting to support the dignity and well being of other people *Red River floods = Manitoba Prov and Fed gov ts helped out the people there deal with the devastation *Humanitarian efforts extend beyond Canada s national border *natural disasters, disease, war, and conflict can cause tremendous suffering Canada can help
Isolationism: Points and examples of Isolationism (page 210) Unilateralism: Points and examples of Unilateralism (page 211) Bilateralism: Points and examples of Bilateralism (page 212) Multilateralism: Points and examples of Multilateralism (page 212) Supranationalism: Points and examples of Supranationalism (page 213)
==> What are some understandings of internationalism? (pages 214-217) The photo of the earth at the beginning of this chapter inspired many people to view the earth as one big community. For many people, this idea underlined the importance of internationalism. Internationalists believe that everyone in the global community is collectively responsible for meeting the challenges that face the world - and that working co-operatively to solve problems is important. Many people came to believe that an internationalist approach could serve their own national interests. If countries co-operated, for example, to create fair and workable trade rules, then trade would increase and the economies of all nationstates would benefit. The world would become a better place for everyone. The World Health Organization (page 215) 1. What has a belief in internationalism inspired? 2. When was the World Health Organization formed, by whom, and why was it created? 3. Human diseases know: 4. Why can contagious diseases spread quickly? 5. Which diseases do WHO staff provide information to combat? 6. What do they collect statistics on? 7. What is one of the WHO's greatest triumphs? 8. How many people has this disease killed?
9. When did the WHO begin a worldwide vaccination? What was the result? 10. What is SARS? 11. How many countries did SARS spread to? 12. How many people died in Canada? Right to Play (page 216) 1. What has internationalism inspired? 2. What have Olympic athletes noticed? 3. How do children risk their lives by playing sports? 4. How else are children affected that lead them to not be able to play sports? 5. Who was the first to act and where was he from? 6. Where did he donate much of his winnings? 7. What did the found? 8. What is an NGO? 9. Where is Right to Play headquartered?
10. What is Right to Play s mission? 11. Which African country is Right to Play involved in? 12. What does Right to Play use games and sports to educate children about? 13. What are the benefits of this program? The Arctic Council (page 216) 1. When was the Arctic council formed? 2. Which countries are members? 3. Which permanent participants are also involved? 4. What is main concern of the Arctic council? 5. What is the Arctic council's top priority?
==> How does internationalism benefit nations and nation-states? (pages 218-219) The two terrible world wars of the 20th century helped create support for internationalism. Many individuals and governments believed that the only hope of preventing similar wars was to join together as a world community. They believed that sharing responsibility for world affairs - and doing this openly and co-operatively - would improve everyone's security and prosperity. Internationalism and Peace and Security (page 218) 1. What did the international community want when World War II ended? 2. What international peace agency was formed after World War I? 3. What did it fail to do? 4. What did people NOT give up on following WWII? 5. What NEW international body was formed? 6. What does the UN provide? 7. What are the hopes of the UN? 8. What could be considered a success of the United Nations?
Internationalism and Economic Stability (page 218) 1. What did the countries that founded the UN believe concerning ultranationalism? 2. What two things were established by the UN to prevent similar crises from developing around the world? 3. What is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development a part of? 4. What is the IMF? 5. What was the original purpose of these organizations? 6. What do these organizations do today? 7. What was GATT? 8. What was it replaced with? 9. What does the WTO try to do? 10. What did the international community do following WWII? 11. What was Germany suppose to do? 12. Do you think this measure helped prevent another world war? Why?
Internationalism and Self-Determination (page 219) 1. How was the world divided at the beginning of the 20th century? 2. What happened to these colonies as years passed by? 3. What did this do for these newly created nations? 4. What negative thing happened in this process? 5. Why were some cases worse off in the world then others? 6. What did these situations sometimes lead to? 7. What is the IWGIA? 8. What is a major goal of the IWGIA? 9. What occurred on September 20th 2007? 10. What did this declaration confirm?
Internationalism and Humanitarianism (page 219) 1. How have international organizations helped over the years? 2. What major catastrophe occurred December 26th, 2004? 3. How many people were killed in how many different countries? 4. What relief agencies helped distribute all the donations? 5. What did they help supply? 6. Read the Voices section on page 219. What do you think Kofi Annan means by no walls?
7. Who benefits from humanitarianism? The people and countries that receive help, the people and countries that give help, or both? Explain your answer? Total: /5 marks