1 Anthropology 102 LA Valley College Dr. Leanna Wolfe Fall 2013 Quiz #4 Chapter 3 Explanation and Evidence 1. How might an anthropologist try to understand why some cultures have long postpartum sex taboos? 2. Is tradition reason enough for why people do what they do? 3. T/F Anthropologist John Whiting found a statistical association between low-protein diets and a long postpartum sex taboo. 4. How might a long postpartum sex taboo be adaptive for regions with limited protein resources? 5. What is the scientific method? How is used in anthropological research? 6. What is a random sample? 7. How is probability used in statistical analyses? 8. T/F A statistically significant explanation confirms that a theory is correct. 9. What sorts of comparisons might anthropologists draw from? 10. What is participant observation? Would YOU be comfortable conducting research in such a manner? 11. What other techniques to anthropologists use to conduct ethnographic research?
2 12. How did arm chair anthropologists conduct their research? 13. How did Louis Henry Morgan and Edward B Tylor evaluate human societies other than their own? 14. T/F Prior to the 1930s anthropology graduate students were rarely trained in fieldwork techniques. 15. How did Franz Boas regard the theories and data gathering techniques of Morgan and Tylor? 16. Bronislaw Malinowski was a native of. a. Austria b. Hungary c. Poland d. England e. Australia 17. Where are the Trobriand Islands? Why did Malinowski spend so much time in the field? 18. What is multi-sited research? What subjects might be suited to such an approach? 19. What sort of person might become an anthropologist s key informant? 20. What is an IRB? 21. What is informed consent? 22. Why might a field anthropologist be regarded as a spy? 23. T/F Ethnographic fieldwork can be a very personality driven activity. 24. Is it necessary for an anthropologist to learn the native language to do effective fieldwork? 25. T/F Inductive research requires a research question or hypothesis.
3 26. T/F Deductive researchers are likely to collect quantitative data. 27. Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of qualitative (traditional ethnography) vs. quantitative (survey) research. 28. T/F An emic research approach uses native concepts and categories. 29. How does an etic approach differ from an emic one? 30. T/F In conducting ethnographic field research it s possible to combine etic and emic approaches. 31. T/F Postmodernists contend that knowledge is influenced by the observer s culture and social position. 32. What is collaborative ethnography? 33. T/F While participant observation may look like hanging out in fact it requires a high level of choice in regards who and where a researcher spends their time. 34. How can the genealogical method applied to contemporary urban cultures? 35. How is an interview schedule different from a questionnaire? 36. What is a longitudinal study? 37. T/F What challenges are posed by an anthropologist offering trade goods? 38. What s a cultural identity kit? 39. T/F In a random sample all members of the population have an equal statistical chance of being included. 40. How can you use your camera to get natural looking (non-posed) photographs?
4 41. How can photo-documentation contribute to fieldwork? 42. How might you develop enough rapport amongst strangers to gain permission to photograph them? What sort of trade-good might you offer? 43. How might the objectives of visual anthropologists, journalists and tourists differ? 44. What advantages might there be in studying one s own culture (as an anthropologist)? 45. T/F Being thrice born refers to the experience of returning to ones culture of birth and finding that what was once familiar now appears exotic. 46. What might be considered unethical behavior on the part of an ethnographic researcher? 47. T/F It is quite possible that research subjects will lie to an interviewer. 48. Should anthropologists consult for the military? Ch. 13 Applied and Practicing Anthropology 1. T/F It is rare for anthropologists to work outside of academia. 2. T/F Anthropologists are most often involved in gathering information rather than constructing policy or initiating action. 3. What is an example of a culturally appropriate innovation? 4. Are there products you miss that have been replaced by products you don t care for? 5. Name five examples of ways anthropologists work in the world outside of academia.
5 6. T/F Applied anthropology is a new area for American anthropologists. 7. T/F Today there are applied anthropologists whose clients are neither poor nor powerless. 8. What does CRM stand for? 9. T/F There are corporations who hired CRMs to establish that a site does not contain objects of cultural and historical value. 10. What are roles that applied anthropologists might assume? a. Protecting local people from policies and projects that might hurt them b. Interpreting local needs to larger/governing agencies c. Designing culturally appropriate and socially sensitive change d. Mediating between tribal and corporate interests e. Assisting local youth in opening Facebook and Twitter accounts 11. What might be the negative consequences of introducing irrigation into an arid region? 12. T/F Barack Obama s mother was an anthropologist. 13. T/F Foreign aid doesn t always go where the need and suffering are the greatest. 14. Should targeted communities be informed in advance how an innovation might affect their lives? 15. What is an example of overinnovation? 16. What are characteristics of culturally compatible development projects? 17. T/F Underdifferentiation ignores cultural diversity. 18. What long-term impacts need to be considered with a vaccination program in a region with limited food resources? 19. What have been the negative consequences of introducing powdered milk and formula to families in developing countries?
6 20. How might an anthropological perspective be applied to education? 21. How might an applied anthropologist work with urban gangs? 22. What areas of anthropology contribute to the field of medical anthropology? 23. T/F Perceptions of good and bad health are cultural constructions. 24. How are eating disorders culturally constructed? 25. Why are some drugs legal (coffee, sugar, alcohol, tobacco) while others are not? 26. What are the cultural/economic conditions that cause obesity? 27. What conditions lead to the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa? 28. What cultural conditions have lead to the spread of HIV/AIDS in Europe, Asia and the Americas? 29. T/F Psychological factors can be very important in the causes and cure of illness. 30. Is it dangerous to drink cold water after a hot bath? 31. What is susto? Who can catch it? 32. What are the strengths and weaknesses of Western Medicine? 33. What health problems are caused by industrialization and globalization? 34. When does life begin? 35. What are your thoughts about euthanasia? 36. How have anthropologists worked in business? 37. How might you apply anthropology to your (future) career?