dieťaťa, 51, 2017, č. 2-3, s. 71 85. INTELEKTOVÉ NADANIE A ĎALŠIE VYBRANÉ PREDIKTORY SPOKOJNOSTI SO ŽIVOTOM U ŽIAKOV SLOVENSKÝCH GYMNÁZIÍ IVAN BELICA MÁRIA BALÁŽOVÁ Výskumný ústav detskej psychológie a patopsychológie, Bratislava INTELLECT GIFTEDNESS AND OTHER SELECTED PREDICTORS OF LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG PUPILS ATTENDING SLOVAK GRAMMAR SCHOOLS Abstract: The paper presents the results of regression analysis of life satisfaction predictors in 258 pupils attending grammar schools at the age of 14 18 years. As independent variables, intelligence (I-S-T 2000 R), gender, memorized parental behaviour (s-embu), coping strategies (CSI), personality traits (NEO-FFI) and sense of humor (the Sense of Humor Questionnaire) were observed. The results showed that significant predictors of life satisfaction were rejection in upbringing (negative), coping strategies in the form of social withdrawal (negative) and avoidance of problems, sense of humor and gender (boys tend to be more satisfied). As far as the personality traits, neuroticism (negative), extraversion, openness to experience and conscientiousness have proved to be significant predictors. Intelligence (lower level of intelligence predicts greater satisfaction) and emotional warmth in upbringing were shown to be nonsignificant predictors. The proportion of the variability explained by the model is 36%. Key words: giftedness, intelligence, life satisfaction, attachment, coping, Big Five, sense of humor
dieťaťa, 51, 2017, č. 2-3, s. 86 101. TRAUMA V DETSKOM VEKU, SKÚSENOSTI S DOTAZNÍKOM CTQ (CHILDHOOD TRAUMA QUESTIONNAIRE) GABRIELA ROZVADSKÝ GUGOVÁ Katedra školskej pedagogiky a psychológie, VYSOKÁ ŠKOLA DTI, Dubnica nad Váhom THE TRAUMA IN CHILDHOOD, EXPERIENCE WITH CHILDHOOD TRAUMA QUESTIONNAIRE (CTQ) Abstract: During research of experienced trauma we analyzed the presence of any form of maltreatment and neglect during childhood in adults. We have assumed the relationship between recalled parental refusal and the form of abuse and neglect. We also focused on relationship between denying trauma and sexual abuse in childhood. Participants have filled the CTQ (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire), and sembu (Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran). We were surprised by a much larger occurance of sexual abuse and emotional abuse in childhood, for the participants were no clinical patients without symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression or other symptoms. In accordance with our own experience of working with trauma, we offer the potential for effective intervention to the solution. Key words: trauma, CTQ inventory, sembu inventory, children, parents, attachment. interventions, therapy.
dieťaťa, 51, 2017, č. 2-3, s. 102 122. SPIRITUALITA V DETSKOM VEKU MICHAELA KRAVCOVÁ Inštitút psychológie Filozofickej fakulty Prešovskej univerzity, Prešov SPIRITUALITY IN CHILDHOOD Abstract: In the context of the increased interest in the problem of spirituality in childhood, the present study summarizes the basic knowledge regarding this issue. It contains four separate parts. The first part deals with the definition of the term spirituality. The second part summarizes the basic knowledge about the problem of children s spirituality. The third part points to qualitative and quantitative ways of measuring spirituality in children, on the basis of which, information about the functioning of spirituality in childhood can be obtained. The fourth part offers an overview of the current research findings in the form of correlates and determinants of spirituality in childhood. In the conclusion, a brief summary is offered and, at the same time, recommendations are formulated and other options for future research in the field of children s spirituality are presented. Key words: spirituality, spirituality in childhood, measurement, correlates, determinants
dieťaťa, 51, 2017, č. 2-3, s. 123 141. TESTOVÁ ANXIETA SLOVENSKÝCH ŠTUDENTOV HENRIETA HUBINÁKOVÁ Fakulta masmediálnej komunikácie UCM, Trnava TEST ANXIETY IN SLOVAK STUDENTS Abstract: The paper focuses on the description of test anxiety in Slovak university students on the research basis with the aim to confirm and establish relationships of variables such as self-efficacy, verbal intelligence and anxiety. The sample included 224 students of the University of St. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava and the Catholic University in Ružomberok, studying Psychology, Mass Communication and Pedagogy. Three types of the questionnaire were applied, the Westside Scale of Test Anxiety, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Classical Social Situational Anxiety and Truth Scale, and the testing method for verbal intelligence Short Verbal Intelligence Test. The correlation study include the results assessed by the SPSS 22 statistical program. The results of the study do not confirm that there might be significant relationships between test anxiety and verbal intelligence as well as between social situational anxiety and trick and verbal intelligence. The results do not confirm that there are significant relationships between gender and test anxiety, and do confirm that there are significant relationships between self-efficacy and test anxiety, in terms of a negative correlation. Research findings also show that the highest rate of test anxiety was achieved by students of pedagogy and the lowest level by students of psychology, the middle level was achieved by the students of mass media communication. The study confirmed statistically significant correlations between test anxiety and social situational anxiety and trembling. The study focus includes the overview of the anxiety test, the results in test anxiety in students of two Slovak universities. For the purposes of the study the Westside Testing Anxiety Scale (Cronbach s alpha 0.905) was translated in Slovak and applied for the first time at the sample of Slovak students. Key words: test anxiety, self-efficacy, verbal intelligence, anxiety, student
dieťaťa, 51, 2017, č. 2-3, s. 142 166. RÓMSKE DIEŤA A KRESBA RODINY DANIELA KOVÁČIKOVÁ BIBIANA FILÍPKOVÁ Výskumný ústav detskej psychológie a patopsychológie, Bratislava ROMA CHILD AND FAMILY DRAWING Abstract: The authors analyzed a family drawing of 9 years old Roma (N = 28) and non- Roma (N = 15) children and the findings were confronted with the children s reactions in the Anthony-Bene Family Relations Test. In the drawings, they found similarities and also differences between the members of the Roma population and the majority population. For all the children a positive relationship with the mother is typical, whereas, in both groups, about one half of the children have an inadequately saturated relationship with the father. The Roma children draw a wider family, including distant relatives, sometimes also friends. In families with more children, there are less intense relationships between children and parents, whereas, the children often identify themselves with same-sex siblings. The favorite colors are red and blue in both groups, Roma children also like purple. These colors are used by children more often when they draw their mother. As far as drawing of the father, they use black and brown more often, which belong to unpopular colors. A problematic family background may be reflected by the lack of parents in the family drawing, small figures, and withered hands. Key words: Roma children, family drawing, family relationships, colors used in drawing
dieťaťa, 51, 2017, č. 2-3, s. 167 181. DIAGNOSTIKA SOCIÁLNE ZNEVÝHODNENÝCH ŽIAKOV S ŤAŽKOSŤAMI V UČENÍ INKLUZÍVNY PRÍSTUP VIERA ŠILONOVÁ VLADIMÍR KLEIN Katedra liečebnej pedagogiky a psychológie, Inštitút Juraja Páleša, Katolícka univerzita, Ružomberok THE DIAGNOSTICS OF SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED PUPILS WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES INCLUSIVE APPROACH Abstract: The paper is focused on current problems of education of pupis with specific developmental learning difficulties in primary education and on detection of intelligence relation (the social disadvantage) and the occurrence of specific development learning difficulties among primary school pupils with the emphasis on inclusive approach in the diagnostics of socially disadvantage pupils with learning difficulties. Early diagnostics is considered of key importance and the starting poing for the solution of topical problems of pupils from socially disadvantaged environs with the emphasis on pupils with specific learning difficulties. Key words: diagnostics, socially disadvantaged pupil, specific developmental learning difficulties, inclusive education
dieťaťa, 51, 2017, č. 2-3, s. 182 195. VIRTUÁLNY SVET A JEHO VPLYV NA PSYCHIKU MLADÉHO ČLOVEKA DANIELA KOLIBOVÁ Katedra liečebnej pedagogiky, Inštitút Juraja Páleša, Katolícka univerzita, Ružomberok VIRTUAL WORLD AND ITS EFFECT ON THE PSYCHIC OF YOUNG MAN Abstract: Internet has recently become a basic communication tool among young people. Besides the communication, it provides a relatively safe space for the creation of virtual identity and the self-concept and for the establishing of social relationships. Internet has become a place with a huge amount of information and knowledge and enables young people to exchange information instantly. In this sense, internet and internet development has had positive impact upon the environment of young adults in their real life. The paper deals with the analysis of a basic factor which in the virtual world actively and significantly effects the psychic development of young people. Key words: internet, young people, communication, cyberchicane
dieťaťa, 51, 2017, č. 2-3, s. 196 207. PORADENSKÉ SLUŽBY V REZORTE ŠKOLSTVA MAJÚ UŽ 60 ROKOV VLADIMÍR DOČKAL Výskumný ústav detskej psychológie a patopsychológie, Bratislava COUNSELLING SERVICES IN EDUCATION SECTOR ACHIEVED 60 YEARS Abstract: The author follows the development of professional counselling services system in Slovakia since the establishment of the first Psychological educational clinic in Bratislava in 1957 up to present days. Changes in the concept of psychological educational care in the 70-ies (the establishment of pedagogic-psychological counselling centres) and in the 90- ies (the rise of the special educational counselling system) as well as the current state of the system (after 2008) is described. Referring to the history, the author searches for lessons, which can be applicable in future tasks supplied by the system of professional care or counselling/supportive service to children, schools and parents, especially those associated with the inclusive education development. Key words: psychological educational care, pedagogic-psychological counselling, special-educational counselling, school counselling system