Presentation to PPI Thursday 17 th May 2012 GILL HESSION - Manager Appendix 1
TOP 20 DRUGS A team of leading scientists spent two years analysing the effects of 20 of Britain s most widely used drugs, and have devised a scientifically rigorous and controversial new ranking for them The following three factors were considered in ranking the harmfulness of each drug that was evaluated: Physical harm to the user Addictive potential of the drug The drug's overall impact on society
Ketamine Alcohol Alkyl nitrates Cocaine Barbituates Anabolic steroids Ritalin Street methadone 4- mtr Amphetamine Khat Solvents Buprenorphine Heroin Ecstacy GHB LSD Tobacco Cannabis Benzodiazepines
TOP 20 DRUGS 1. HEROIN 2. COCAINE 3. BARBITURATES 4. STREET METHADONE 5. ALCOHOL 6. KETAMINE
TOP 20 DRUGS 7. BENZODIAZEPINES 8. AMPHETAMINE 9. TOBACCO 10. BUPRENORPHINE 11. CANNABIS 12. SOLVENTS 13. 4-MTA
TOP 20 DRUGS 14. LSD 15. RITALIN 16. ANABOLIC STEROIDS 17. GHB 18. ECSTASY 19. ALKYL NITRATES 20. KHAT
SHETLAND S PROBLEM DRUGS HEROIN ALCOHOL BENZODIAZEPINES CANNABIS Cocaine
HEROIN Class A drug. Originally used as a painkiller and derived from the opium poppy..
ALCOHOL Subject to increasing concern from the medical profession about its damage to health.
Benzodiazepines Class C. A hypnotic relaxant used to treat anxiety and insomnia. Includes drugs such as diazepam, temazepam and nitrazepam.
CANNABIS Class B. A psychoactive drug recently appearing in stronger forms such as "skunk". The subject of intense controversy over its long-term effects and capacity for inducing schizophrenia. 0 deaths ever directly attributed to cannabis use.
NUMBER 2 - COCAINE Class A. Stimulant produced from the South American coca leaf.
STATISTICS 166 problem drinkers 124 problem drug users 89 problem heroin users 132 new problem substance users
Stepping stones to change Preventative work Harm minimisation Problem drug and alcohol use Families Affected By Newly problem drug and alcohol free Ex problem users
69 YOUNG PEOPLE (under 25) CADSS Client's Own Substance Misuse Issue Profile 60 50 53 Opiates Benzos Over the Counter Meds 40 30 33 30 33 32 26 Legal Prescribed Drugs Illegal Prescribed Drugs Stimmulants Cannabis 20 14 16 Hallucinogenics Volitile Sub. (Glue/Gas) 10 0 1 5 1 1 Own Substance Misuse Issues 3 3 Alcohol Poly Drug Use IV Injecting IV Injecting Injury Child Protection
67 YOUNG PEOPLE (under 25) 60 CADSS Client's Own Substance Misuse Issue Profile Opiates 50 48 51 Benzos Over the Counter Meds Legal Prescribed Drugs 40 30 34 25 35 32 38 Illegal Prescribed Drugs Stimmulants Cannabis Hallucinogenics 20 18 Volitile Sub. (Glue/Gas) Alcohol 10 0 4 1 1 1 Own Substance Misuse Issues 10 8 Poly Drug Use IV Injecting IV Injecting Injury Child Protection
Early alcohol/drug use
REASON S FOR YP USING HEROIN? I had no idea it would be so addictive And/or: I was drunk
School-Based Drug Education Information based approaches Affective approaches including enhancement of interpersonal and communication skills and self-esteem Information based plus affective approaches Psychosocial approaches including peer refusal skills and life skills training Alternative approaches provision of drugfree activities
Are young people simply doing what we did? They begin drinking earlier They drink more, more often They now drink spirits VODKA: The spirit of choice for our young women Vodka advertising of e.g., Absolute or Alcopops responsible for 14,900 increase in vodka sales in 20 years and 20% rise in 5 years in UK As alcohol sales have fallen, sale of vodka is on the rise
Different effects of alcohol in adults and adolescents Young people are more susceptible to effects related to learning and memory (blackouts) Are less likely to be affected by the sedation effects caused by alcohol Young people are far more likely to experience complete absence of memory with no possibility of retrieval Young people are able to drink for longer than adults
How do we assist young people? If we really want to make a difference we are going to have to change community attitudes: If young people are getting different messages from parents and others it is not going to be effective Pouring money into the youth alcohol issue is not going to make any difference if parents continue inappropriate use of alcohol (or drugs)
ATTRIBUTES OF YOUNG PEOPLE Some of the attributes of young people that affect how we work with them include: Remember, their brains have not fully developed and in essence, they are missing a part of their brain They feel they will live forever and can take risks without consequences They don t believe what happens to others will happen to them They have a limited attention span and a different concept of time They lack experience of communal responsibility
SUMMARY Young people are not a homogenous group different ages, cultural groups, socio-economic status We are still learning about the adolescent brain and young people s capacity to understand risk and so... We need to rethink the way we have provided messages to young people how do they see the world? What messages are they likely to accept?
Home Work Family Friends Alcohol/Drugs Children Physical/Mental Health Money Relationship
CADSS SERVICES ONE-TO-ONE SUPPORT COUNSELLING CARE PLANNING DAY PROGRAMME and ACTIVITIES PROGRAMME AFTERCARE SERVICES EDUCATION IN MOST OF SHETLAND SCHOOLS DRUG AND ALCOHOL AWARENESS TRAINING OUTREACH NEEDLE EXCHANGE SERVICE GROUP WORK FAMILY SUPPORT GROUP
CADSS SERVICES FAMILY SUPPORT SERVICE STRATEGIC PLANNING GROUPS YOUNG PERSON S SERVICES AWARENESS RAISING RESEARCH SHARED-CARE PRESCRIBING SERVICES PARTNERSHIP WORKING/LIAISON PRE AND POST TEST HEP AND HIV COUNSELLI NG BLOOD BORNE VIRUS TRAINING DRUG TREATMENT AND TESTING ORDERS DRUG AND ALCOHOL TESTING