Gilt Development: Assuring ADG and Volume Global Technical Service Reproduction - WTF May 2017
Key Concept To Assure Good ADG and Increase Usage Rate in Gilts, Competition Needs to be Reduced Achieve the Gilt Development Essentials
Expectations Challenging targets - Do not settle for less than world class targets Performance Traits Litter Size P1 Target 15.5 TB; 14.5 BA; 13.5 W (87% W/TB; 6% SB & Mummies; 7% PWM) % of P1 > 15 TB > 33% Farrowing Rate P1 > 93% Wean-to-Service Interval (first weaning) < 6 d Breed back (first weaning) > 90%
Expectations Targets show the direction to go but not necessarily the destination. Robustness & Consistency Traits Target P1 to P0 >95% P3 to P0 >75% P6 to P0 > 50% Annual sow mortality (a) < 5 % P2 dip? (a): In absence of clinical disease, high sow mortality is an indirect indicator of poor gilt management.
Litter Size (TB) The Facts 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 Figure 1: Performance By Parity Based on P-1 Litter Size 1 2 3 4 5 Parity 8-9: 10% 10-11: 17% 12-14:48% 15+: 25% <= 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 >=17 5.1K females w/full data from P1 to P5 in the US Midwest. Different farms, health status, and genotypes (70% CAMs) Source: Pinilla, Molinari, Coates, Piva, Thompson, Teuber and Canavate (AASV, 2014) A big part of sow lifetime performance is decided in P1. 1 pig difference at P1 is associated to 0.4 pigs per farrowing in the P1-P5 interval.
The Facts Effect of Gilt Growth Rate vs Reproductive Performance 598g/d 698 g/d 748 g/d 20th Int. Symp. Animal Science Days, Kranjska gora, Slovenia, Sept. 19th 21st, 2012.
Gilt Development Program Based on two pillars: The base for a good sow is solid gilt development. Gilts are the foundation. Believe it or not, gilt selection can impact whole herd overall results. Sow death rate is indirect indicator of the execution of the gilt program and its consistency over time. 7
Gilt Development Program Early Pig Care Maximize Feed Intake Troubleshooting PIC
Gilt Development Program Early Pig Care Maximize Feed Intake Troubleshooting PIC
Early Feed Intake Udder Training Dry them Mark them. Choose the proper teat. Execute udder training within 30 minutes after farrowing. Repeat 60 minutes after birth. The goal is to have piglets drinking milk on its own after intervention.
Tools in Early Feed Intake Mat Feeding Concept Recipe Detail 0.5 kg per 40 pigs Space/pig 0.04m 2 Frequency Result expected 4-6 times/day @ 3-7 days Reduction in sorting pigs, Less scours and better NRY performance. Goal(s) Achieve a feeding intake of 1,5 kg in first week and identify pigs are not competing well
Tools in Early Feed Intake Gruel Feeding Concept Recipe Space/pig Frequency Detail 250 gr. feed 800 ml /15 pigs 8 cm of feeder space 3 times/day@ 2-3ds by 1hr Result expected Improve feeding intake in smaller and poor competitors Goal(s) Avoid starvations and recovering body condition in poor competitors
Tools in Early Feed Intake Pan Coverage Target(s) 70% during training period 50% after training period
Temperature & Comfort Zone Farrowing Rooms 2 Climate zones One for Piglets One for Sows
Room Temperature Plastic flooring and solid side DOF No Comfort Zone 5 kg O C 6,5kg O C W/Comfort Zone 5 kg O C 6,5 kg O C 1 29 27 23 22 7 28 26 22 21 Slat and solid side DOF No Comfort Zone 5 kg O C 6,5kg O C W/Comfort Zone 5 kg O C 6,5 kg O C 1 30 28 24 22 7 28 27 23 21 Note: When comfort zone is removed, the temperature back to normal DRT
Classic Comfort Zone Mistakes Key Point(s) Incorrect comfort zone temperature Not enough comfort zone
Comfort Zone ~ 35oC Tunnel ventilation and plastic mat Natural Ventilation on concrete zone Key Point (s) 0.04 m2 /pig on mat for comfort zone Check Piglet behavior
Gilt Development Program Early Pig Care Maximize Feed Intake Troubleshooting PIC
Feed Intake In 8 Dimensions Space Per Feeder Hole Linear Feeder Space Per Pig Stocking Density Feeder Adjustment Energy Level In Diets Water Intake Genetic Lines Temperature
Linear Feeder Space
Linear Feeder Space Feeder Type Feeder Space/pig Pigs/Feeder Hole Nursery Dry 1.0 in (2.5cm) -- Finisher Dry 2.0 in (5.0cm) 8 Finisher WD 1.2 in (3.0cm) 12
Space Per Feeder Hole
Space Per Feeder Hole Weight, lb (kg) Shoulder Width, in (cm) Feeder Space, in. (cm) 220 (100) 11.5 (29.2) 12.7 (32.2) 300 (136) 12.8 (32.5) 14.0 (35.5) 350 (159) 13.4 (34.0) 14.8 (37.5) 400 (182) 14.0 (35.5) 15.4 (39.1) Based in Brumm, 2012 (44#-300#) Key Point(s) PIC Recommends 15 inches (38 cm)/feeder hole
Space per Feeder Hole Better for Gilts Strong Feeder Improve Eating Time
Feeder Capacity Full Feed Feeder Capacity Feed Distribution Key Point(s) PIC Recommends 2,7 to 3,2 kg/pig/day of feeder capacity
ADG lb/d FCR Feeder Adjustment y = 0.0363x + 2.6049 R² = 0.7448 (FCR) y = 0.0722x + 1.7609 R² = 0.9476 (ADG) 2.10 Finishing Performance vs Pan Coverage Estimation 2.80 2.00 2.75 1.90 1.80 1.70 1.60 2.70 2.65 2.60 1.50 30-40% 40-50% 50-60% >60% FCR 2.62 2.69 2.74 2.72 ADG 1.82 1.90 2.01 2.03 2.55 Key Point(s) 40 50% Pan coverage Personal estimation based in 42 KSU trials
lb/d # Visits in 6 hrs period Water Availability Impact 1.04 1.00 0.96 0.92 0.88 Pigs/Drinker vs ADG on Nursery Wean-42 days, Bowl drinker. Sandler, ISU 2008 0.84 Pigs/Drinker 8 12 25 ADG, lb/day 1.012 0.946 0.902 No Visits/6h 13.88 10.60 10.32 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Drinker to Nursery Pigs Ratio. Effect on Drinking Behavior and Performance, Sadler et al, ISU 2008 Key Point(s) PIC recommends 10 pigs/drinker At least 2 drinkers per pen
Water Availability ddigitchine.alibaba.com Water Flow Special Needs Easy Access 1 L/min Specific medications Additives by water to hospital/sorting pens 5-8 cm above back. Height leveled to shoulder of the smallest gilts
Stocking Density Indicator Floor Space Slat specs Considerations Stocking density per gilt: Nursery 0.32 m 2 Grower 0.7 m 2 GDU 1.2 m 2 Slat top width : 15-20 cm. Slot = 2.5 cm Key Point(s) Lameness issues
Placement Plan & Selection Gilt space is expensive space Full Early Selection at market weight Empty
Temperature ( o F) lb/d less Heat Stress 100.0 95.0 90.0 85.0 80.0 75.0 70.0 Maximum Ambient Temperatures before FCR/ADG are Impacted for High Temperatures 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110121132143154 165176187198 Body Weight, Lb ADG FCR 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 Effect of 1.8 o F above 68 to 86 o F for pigs with 110lbs (Renaudeau, 2011) Publication before 1990 Publication before 1990-1999 Publication before 2000-2009 Feed efficiency in swine. J Patience book, 2012 Key Point(s) First KPI affected is ADG DRT: 15-16 C in Gilts >100 Kg
1 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97 103 109 115 121 127 133 139 145 151 157 163 169 175 Desired Room Temperatures 33,0 28,0 23,0 18,0 13,0
Gilt Development Program Early Pig Care Maximize Feed Intake Troubleshooting PIC
Troubleshooting When Weight Increases 125 kg. 145 kg. 35,5 cm=> 38 cm Space Per pig/feeder Asure Water Intake They will drink more Reduce??? Stocking Density Review Feeder Space Review Energy Level Diets Review (+Pan Coverage?) Feeder Adjustmenf Línea Genética Review Temperatures
Troubleshooting Stocking Density Increases 125 kg. 125 kg. Space Per Pig/Feeder Assure Water Intake More Drinkers Stocking Density Increase Feeder Space Review Energy Level Diets Review (+Pan Coverage?) Feeder Adjustmenf Línea Genética Review Temperatures
Troubleshooting Energy Reduction In Diets Space Per Pig/Feeder Assure Water Intake More Drinkers Stocking Density Feeder Space Energy Level Review (+Pan Coverage?) Feeder Adjustment Línea Genética Review Temperatures
Troubleshooting Increase Temperature Space Per Pig/Feeder Assure Water Intake More Drinkers Stocking Density Feeder Space Increase Energy Level Review (+Pan Coverage?) Feeder Adjustment Línea Genética Temperatures
One Summary Page W2F ADG in Gilts has an impact in their future reproductive performance A solid gilt development program is the base for a good sow and its lifetime performance. Nursery pig care is similar to pig care in farrowing houses We don t live in a perfect world but any single effort will pay off: Temperature Feed intake Water intake Competition