Clin Sports Med 25 (2006) 365 369 CLINICS IN SPORTS MEDICINE A Acetabular labrum, tears of, hip arthroscopy in, 264 Acetabular rim, trimming of, and labral repair, new method for, 293 297 Acetabulum, femoral head coverage by, measurement of, 180 fractures of, surgical management of, 315 position of, 180 Adolescents, arthroscopy of hip in, 247 249 Agilities, side to side, lateral, 346 Arthritis, inflammatory, or septic arthritis, of hip, 251 Arthrography, MR, direct, of hip, 212 214 in disease of hip, 330 Arthroscopy, for treatment of femoroacetabular impingement in athlete, 299 308 of hip, 288 290 in children and adolescents, 247 249 in labral tears and extra-articular injuries, 279 292 operating room setup for, 288 operative technique for, 330 332 positions for, 288 rehabilitation following, 337 357 return to sport following, 290 291 role in athletic hip, 255 278 Avascular necrosis, of hip, following hip dislocation, 315, 317 MR imaging in, 317 B Ballet, hip injuries associated with, 193 194 Bone fragments, posttraumatic, arthroscopic excision of, 274, 275 Bone scintigraphy, nuclear, in assessment of hip joint, 217 218 Bony deformities, of hip, capsular laxity and, 324 Bony structures, contributing to stabilization of hip, 180 181 Bridging, advanced, 343 Bursitis, trochanteric, arthroscopic C Capital femoral epiphysis, slipped, in pediatric athlete, 241 243, 243 245 bilateral, 244 245 classification of, 243 management of, 244 symptoms of, 244 Capsular repair, rehabilitation following, 354 355, 356 Capsulorraphy, thermal, in capsular laxity, 322 Cartilage, of hip, injury of, 230 232 Child(ren), arthroscopy of hip in, 247 249 athletic, avulsion fractures of hip in, 241 243 hip disorders in, 241 253 slipped capital femoral epiphysis in. See Capital femoral epiphysis, slipped. Chondral injuries, of hip, 328 Chondromatosis, synovial, hip arthroscopy in, 263 264, 267 Chondroplasty, of acetabular and femoral surfaces, 269 Computed tomography, in assessment of hip joint, 217 E Electromyography, of muscles of hip, 189 192 F Femoroacetabular impingement, 264 arthroscopic treatment of, advantages of, 307 patient positioning for, 302 portal placement for, 302 postoperative management following, 306 Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type. 0278-5919/06/$ see front matter 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/s0278-5919(06)00026-3 sportsmed.theclinics.com
366 cam, 268 269, 272, 299 arthroscopic treatment of, 302 305 cartilage defects in, 328 causes of, 299 300 clinical presentation of, 301 302 evaluation for, 219 222 herniation pits with, 222 223 in athlete, as cause of hip pain, 300 MR appearance of, 230, 231 on athlete, arthroscopy for treatment of, 299 308 pincer, 264 265, 270, 299 arthroscopic treatment of, 305 306 cartilage defects in, 328 radiologic workup in, 301 302 types of, 219 221, 299 Femur, anteversion of, 181 neck of, coverage by acetabulum, measurement of, 180 MR arthrography of, 214 216 proximal, stress fracture of, MR imaging of, 212, 213 Figure skating, hip injuries associated with, 193 194 Fluoroscopy, in assessment of hip joint, 217 Fracture(s), avulsion, of hip, in pediatric athletes, 241 243 G Gait, reaction forces of hip during, 188 189 Gait cycle, muscles of hip and, 186 187 Gemullus muscles, superior and inferior, 189 190 Gluteus maximus muscle, 191 Gluteus medius and minimus muscles, 191 192 Golf, hip injuries associated with, 193 H Hip, adductors of, 192 anatomy of, 309 anterior capsule of, laxity/injury of, 232, 322 arthroscopic surgery of, benefits of, 179 rehabilitation following, 179 arthroscopy of, 288 290 as adjuvant to open surgery, 315 as diagnostic and therapeutic tool, 309 diagnostic procedures in, 259 260, 261 iliopsoas bursoscopy and, 262, 266 in children and adolescents, 247 249 complications of, 249 Harris hip score and, 248 249 indications for, 247, 250 251 outcomes of, 247 248 in labral tears and extra-articular injuries, 279 292 intraarticular (central) compartment and, 257 258 operating room setup for, 288 operative technique for, 330 332 patient selection for, 255 276 peripheral compartment access and, 260 262, 263, 264, 265 portals for, 259, 260, 288, 289 positions for, 288 rehabilitation following, 337 357 return to sport following, 290 291 role in athletic hip, 255 278 technique of, 256 257 athletic, clinical examination of, 199 210 radiographic and MR imaging of, 211 239 role of arthroscopy in, 255 278 atraumatic instability of, categories of, 323 in overuse or repetitive motion, 320 management of, 322 auxillary clinical examinations of, 208 avascular necrosis of, following hip dislocation, 315, 317 MR imaging in, 317 avulsion fractures of, in pediatric athletes, 241 243 biomechanics of, functional analysis of, 185 188 bony deformities of, capsular laxity and, 324 cartilage of, injury of, 230 232 chondral injuries of, 328 developmental dysplasia of, 250 direct MR arthrography of, 212 214 disease of, history and physical examination in, 329 330 imaging in, 330 dislocation(s) of, avascular necrosis following, 315, 317 management of, 315 posttraumatic, 318 disorders of, in pediatric athlete, 241 253 dysplasia of, radiographic evaluation in, 219 eleven-step examination of, 200 208 grading of pulses of, 203 inflammatory arthritis/septic arthritis of, 251 injuries of, in athlete, sport-specific mechanisms of, 192 194
367 instability of, atraumatic, categories of, 323 in overuse or repetitive motion, 320 management of, 322 tears of labrum and, 283 traumatic, causes of, 314 radiologic workup in, 314 traumatic and atraumatic, causes of, 309 diagnosis and manaagement of, in athletic patient, 309 326 lateral examination of, 206 207 ligaments of, 312, 313 loose bodies in, 250 251 microfracture of, as marrow-stimulating procedure, 327 clot formation following, 331, 333 in athletes, 327 335 indications for, and contraindications to, 328 329 rehabilitation following, 347, 356 MR evaluation of, 212 214, 223 235 muscles of, actions of, 183 185 and gait cycle, 186 187 and tendons, mechanical properties of, 183 and vertical acceleration during walking, 187 188 electromyography of, 189 192 neurocirculatory evaluation of, 203 neuromuscular biomechanics of, and pathology in athlete, 179 197 pain in, categories of, 199 causes of, 179 diagnosis of, problems in, 199 200 differential diagnosis of, 320, 321 in athlete, femoroacetabular impingement as cause of, 300 in labral tears, 223, 224 unexplained, MR imaging in, 320 322 physical examination of, 200 postoperative evaluation of, 235 236 prone examination of, 207 psoas major muscle and tendon of, 314 radiographic evaluation and measurements of, 218 223 rehabilitation of, advanced, 344 346 immediate, 338 340 intermediate, 341 344 phases of, 337 356 principles of, 337 sport-specific training in, 346 347 seated examination of, 202 204 soft tissue anatomy of, 312 stabilization of, ligamentous structures contributing to, 181 182 neuromuscular factors contributing to, 182 185 osseous structures contributing to, 180 181 standing examination of, 200 202 subluxation or dislocation of, treatment algorithm for, 319 supine examination of, 204 206 total replacement of, 179 aseptic loosening following, 363 bearing wear following, 362 363 instability following, 362 patient- and activity-related factors after, 360 362 periprosthetic fracture following, 363 sports after, 359 364 technical factors influencing return to sports after, 362 363 traumatic and atraumatic instability of, causes of, 309 diagnosis and management of, in athletic patient, 309 326 traumatic instability of, causes of, 314 radiologic workup in, 314 traumatic posterior subluxation of, 315 316 Hip flexion, short lever, 340 I Ice hockey, hip injuries associated with, 194 Iliacus muscle, 191 Iliofemoral ligament, 181 Iliopsoas bursoscopy, arthroscopy of hip, 262, 266 Iliopsoas muscle, 190 191 Iliopsoas release, in arthroscopy of hip, 262, 266 Iliopsoas tendon, release of, 290 Iliotibial band syndrome, arthroscopic Intra-articular injuries, in tears of labrum, 284 286 K Knee bends, double one third, 341 single, 345 L Labrum, detached, repair of, 294 297 in femoroacetabular impingement, 299, 300, 306 307 macerated tear of, arthroscopy in, 270 normal anatomy of, 224, 225, 226 227
368 postoperative adhesions of, 235 236 repair of, and acetabular rim trimming, new method for, 293 297 rehabilitation following, 347, 348 349 tears of, and hip instability, 283 arthroscopy to access, 266 causes of, 280 283 classification of, 227 229, 283 284 examination findings in, 286 288 extra-articular injuries in, and hip arthroscopy, in athlete, 279 292 hip pain in, 223, 224 intra-articular injuries associated with, 284 286 physical findings in, 286 types of, 293 traumatic tears of, arthroscopic debridement in, 264 265, 268, 269. 270 Leg bridges, double, 340 Leg cord rotations, single, 343 Leg stance, ssingle, on Dyna-disc, 342 Legg-Perthes disease, classification of, 246 loose bodies of hip in, 250 251 pathogenesis of, 245 presentation of, 246 risk factors for, 245 246 Ligaments, contributing to stabilization of hip, 181 182 Ligamentum orbicularis, 181 Ligamentum teres, disruption of, debridement in, 271 272 hypertrophied, 234 235 injury to, arthroscopic view in, 270, 274 tears of, diagnosis of, 232 234 Ligamentum teres femoris, 181 Loose bodies, hip arthroscopy in, 263 264 M Magnetic resonance arthrography, direct, of hip, 212 214 in disease of hip, 330 Magnetic resonance imaging, in avascular necrosis of hip, 317 in evaluation of hip, 212 214 in femoroacetabular impingement, 230, 231 in hip dislocation or subluxation, 315, 316, 317 318 in unexplained hip pain, 320 322 of hip, 223 235 Marrow stimulation, microfracture of hip for, 327 McCarthy test, 204, 205 Microfracture, of hip, as marrow-stimulating procedure, 327 clot formation following, 331, 333 in athletes, 327 335 indications for, and contraindications to, 328 329 rehabilitation following, 347, 356 Muscle(s), of hip, actions of, 183 185 and gait cycle, 186 187 and tendons, mechanical properties of, 183 and vertical acceleration during walking, 187 188 electromyography of, 189 192 N Neuromuscular factors, contributing to stabilization of hip, 182 185 Nuclear medicine bone scintigraphy, in assessment of hip joint, 217 218 O Obturator externus muscle, 189 190 Obturator internus muscle, 189 190 Osteoarthritis, following femoroacetabular impingement, 299, 300 Osteoplasty, rehabilitation following, 347, 350 351 P Pain, in hip. See Hip, pain in. Patrick FABER test, 204, 205 Pectineus muscle, 189 190 Perthes disease. See Legg-Perthes disease. Pirifirmis muscle, 189 190 Piriformis syndrome, CT-guided intramuscular injection in, 218 Psoas major muscle, 191 Pubofemoral ligament, 181, 182 Q Quadruped rocking, 338, 339 R Radiography, in disease of hip, 330 in evaluation and measurement of hip, 218 223 in evaluation of hip, and modlaity overview, 212 218 Rehabilitation, following arthroscopy of hip, 337 357 following capsular repair, 354 355, 356
369 following labral repair, 347, 348 349 following microfracture of hip, 347, 356 following osteoplasty, 347, 350 351 of hip, advanced, 344 346 immediate, 338 340 intermediate, 341 344 phases of, 337 356 principles of, 337 sport-specific training in, 346 347 Rotation isometrics, prone internal and external, 338 340 Running, hip injuries associated with, 194 S Scintigraphy, bone, nuclear, in assessment of hip joint, 217 218 Side supports, 342 Sidestepping with resistance, 344 Snapping iliospoas tendonitis, arthroscopic Stress fracture, of proximal femur, MR imaging of, 212, 213 T Tackwondo, hip injuries associated with, 193 Tensor fasciae latae muscle, 192 Thomas test, 204, 205 Total hip replacement. See Hip, total replacement of. Trochanteric bursitis, arthroscopic U Ultrasound, in assessment of hip joint, 218