Nutrition Therapy: kidney disease & Dialysis By, Lindsay K. Johnson, RD, LD Clinical Registered Dietitian, BJEC Photos used are licensed: free for commercial use and sharing via google or personal photos
What you will learn Energy balance What Kidney Disease Is Risk Factors Symptoms What Dialysis Is Nutrition Needs and Dialysis Example Meals and Snacks
Kidney disease Smaller kidney shaped organs located deep within your upper back that help filter and clean your blood With kidney disease you may have gradual loss of kidney function, filtration and reduce urine output This can lead to fluid, electrolyte, and waste building up in your blood stream This can make you feel ill
Risk Factors Diabetes High blood pressure Heart disease Smoking Obesity African American/ Native American/ Asia American Family history of kidney disease Abnormal kidney structure
Potential symptoms of kidney disease Nausea Vomiting Loss of appetite Fatigue/weakness Decreased urination Swelling Shortness of breath High blood pressure
What is dialysis Dialysis is the process of removing excess water and toxins from the blood by a machine. This is needed when your kidneys no longer function optimally. This is determined by your Doctor based upon the severity of your condition.
Protein and dialysis Protein helps with muscle building, tissue repair, and fighting infections. During dialysis, proteins are lost from your body. It is important to replenish your body by eating more protein in your diet. Without adequate protein, your body may start breaking down your muscle tissues in order to get the protein that it needs. This can potentially cause fatigue, weight loss, muscle wasting, and make you more prone to infections.
Example Protein sources Lean cuts of meat Eggs Nuts/seeds Cheese/milk Tofu Soy milk Legumes/beans
General tips for kidney disease patients It may be helpful to limit sodium, potassium, and phosphorus in the diet. Too much sodium can potentially affect blood pressure, increase thirst, and cause fluid retention (edema). Due to kidney disease, fluid intake may need to be limited. Try to select fresh or frozen items instead packaged fast food items. If you must use canned food items rinse with water before consumption. High phosphorus levels may be a sign that your kidney failure is affecting your bones. High potassium levels can potentially affect your heart. Dairy products have potassium in them and may need to be limited to 1 small serving per day.
Potassium in your diet
Breakfast Examples 1 egg ½ cup of oatmeal (made with water) ½ small apple (sliced on top of oatmeal) 1 slice of toast with a pat of butter and 2 tsp jelly 1 cup of coffee 1 cup of water
Lunch Example Low sodium deli turkey on 2 slices of bread (mustard/low fat mayo) ½ salad with onions, cucumber, lettuce, carrots, 2 tablespoon oil and vinegar dressing ½ cup fresh strawberries 1 cup of water
Dinner example 4-6 oz baked chicken breast 2/3 cup cooked pasta ½ cup cabbage ½ cup applesauce 1 cup of iced tea 1 tablespoon of olive oil for cooking/ 1/4 cup pasta sauce
Snack example 1 small low fat yogurt (fruited) ¼ cup of favorite nuts/seeds *These examples are general menu recommendations; diet may need to be limited further according to Registered Dietitian and Physician orders.
Novasource renal dietary supplement Offered at BJEC It has important protein, vitamins and minerals specifically designed for patients with kidney disease. This can be added to your diet order as needed It is recommended to drink after dialysis to help you replace lost protein and feel stronger
References 1. Mahan, L. Kathleen., Escott-Stump, Sylvia., Raymond, Janice L. Krause, Marie V., eds. Krause s Food & The Nutrition Care Process. St. Louis, Mo. : Elsevier/Saunders, 2012. Print. 2. U.S. Department of Agriculture. http://www.choosemyplate.gov Website. Washington, DC. 3. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Adult Nutrition Care Manual. http://www.nutritioncaremanual.org.
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