Radiology Illustrated For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/11755
In-One Kim Editor Radiology Illustrated: Pediatric Radiology
Editor In-One Kim, M.D. Department of Radiology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of South Korea ISBN 978-3-642-35572-1 ISBN 978-3-642-35573-8 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-35573-8 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014935879 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher's location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface Interpreting the radiological images of pediatric patients reminds us of a saying A child is not merely a small adult. In order to deal with pediatric diseases, the approaches of adult radiology in principle and daily practice need to be modified. The scope of pediatric radiology has now become wide and complex comparable with the adult medicine. We have tried to cover most of the topics and varieties of diseases in the pediatric radiology field, which was not an easy task. Radiology Illustrated: Pediatric Radiology is designed to provide a practical overview of pediatric imaging diagnosis covering both common and uncommon disease states with rather typical illustrations. This book consists of concise keynote texts and case-based atlas of images with comprehensive reviews organized by the anatomic organs from the brain to the musculoskeletal system. This book is directed to provide the most suitable reference in daily practice and study for radiology residents, fellows or students and informative help or teaching aides for general radiologists dealing with the care of children. It also serves as a practical guide of radiological approaches with a variety of imaging in pediatric disorders for pediatricians or pediatric physicians in various medical and surgical subspecialties. I am very fortunate to have the opportunity of being part of this exciting work by virtue of the publisher, Springer, with capable colleagues in pediatric radiology, mostly the members of the Korean Society of Pediatric Radiology. I deeply appreciate the support of my colleagues who kindly gave their time and effort in writing the chapters. I dedicate the book to my teachers, parents and relatives, and most importantly to children with diseases. The production of this book was greatly inspired by the need to treat children who had to live through the pain of their sickness. Seoul, Korea In-One Kim, M.D. v
Contents Part I Neuroradiology: Brain/Spine 1 Congenital Anomalies of the Brain and Spinal Cord...................... 3 In-One Kim 2 Metabolic Diseases of the Brain....................................... 45 In-One Kim 3 Infection and Inflammatory Diseases of the Central Nervous System........ 75 In-One Kim 4 Neoplasms of the Brain and Spine..................................... 105 Ji Hye Kim 5 Brain and Spine Injury and Cerebral Vascular Disorders................. 155 Ji Hye Kim 6 Neurosonography................................................... 209 Young Seok Lee Part II Neuroradiology: Head and Neck 7 Congenital Malformations of the Head and Neck......................... 257 Hee Jung Lee 8 Infectious and Traumatic Diseases..................................... 293 Hye-Kyung Yoon 9 Neoplasms of the Head and Neck...................................... 323 Hee Jung Lee Part III Chest 10 CT Findings of Congenital Lung Malformations......................... 363 Hyun Woo Goo 11 Neonatal Chest Imaging............................................. 381 Young Hun Choi and In-One Kim 12 Pediatric Airway Disorders........................................... 411 Evan J. Zucker, Kushaljit S. Sodhi, Ricardo Restrepo, and Edward Y. Lee 13 Infections.......................................................... 433 Bernard F. Laya 14 Tumors of the Pediatric Chest........................................ 473 Gye Yeon Lim vii
viii Contents 15 Pediatric Diffuse Lung Disease........................................ 507 Evan J. Zucker and Edward Y. Lee Part IV Cardiovascular System 16 Pediatric Cardiac Imaging I: CT and MR Techniques.................... 525 Whal Lee and Eun-Ah Park 17 CT and MRI Findings of Cardiac Defects in Congenital Heart Disease...... 553 Hyun Woo Goo 18 Congenital Thoracic Vascular Anomalies and Associated Airway Diseases... 573 Yang Min Kim Part V Abdomen 19 Congenital and Neonatal Gastrointestinal Diseases....................... 603 Sun Wha Lee 20 Non-neonatal Gastrointestinal Diseases................................. 629 So-Young Yoo 21 Inflammation, Infection, and Neoplasms in the Abdomen.................. 665 Jung-Eun Cheon 22 Liver, Biliary Tract, Pancreas, and Spleen.............................. 683 Mi-Jung Lee and Myung-Joon Kim Part VI Genitourinary System 23 Congenital Anomalies of the Upper Urinary Tract....................... 723 Mi-Jung Lee 24 Cystic Renal Disease and Neoplasms................................... 759 Tae Il Han 25 Urinary Tract Infection.............................................. 793 Myung-Joon Kim 26 Bladder and Urethra Disease......................................... 803 Su-Mi Shin 27 Pediatric Uterus, Ovary, and Testis Diseases............................. 835 Yong-Woo Kim Part VII Musculoskeletal System 28 Genetic Skeletal Disorders........................................... 887 Jung-Eun Cheon 29 Soft Tissue Diseases................................................. 913 Choon-Sik Yoon and Sungjun Kim 30 Pediatric Skeletal Trauma............................................ 951 Tae Yeon Jeon and So-Young Yoo 31 Infection and Inflammation of the Musculoskeletal System................ 969 Hee Kyung Kim
Contents ix 32 Pediatric Bone Tumors.............................................. 1007 Hye-Kyung Yoon 33 Pediatric Hip Disorders.............................................. 1039 Jung-Eun Cheon 34 Miscellaneous Musculoskeletal Disease................................. 1063 Hong Eo Index................................................................. 1085